The Effect of Music on Anxiety and Caregiver Burden in Family Caregivers of Patients With Lung Cancer

NCT07847138 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: MU
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 50
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of a 7-day self-selected music intervention on caregiver burden and anxiety among first-degree family caregivers of patients with lung cancer. Fifty caregivers were randomized to an intervention group (n=25), who listened to selected music for 30 minutes daily for 7 days, or a control group (n=25), who received routine care. Caregiver burden and anxiety were assessed before and after the intervention. The intervention was associated with significant reductions in caregiver burden and trait anxiety, suggesting that self-selected music may be a feasible, low-cost complementary nursing intervention for family caregivers.

Conditions

Anxiety; Evidence-based Practice; Caregiver Burden; Nursing; Lung Cancer

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Caregiver Burden

  Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZCBI) The ZCBI was developed by Zarit, Reever, and Bach-Peterson (1980); its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by İnci and Erdem (2008). The scale consists of 22 items assessing the physical, psychological, social, and economic difficulties experienced by caregivers. Rated on a five-point Likert scale, responses range from "never" to "nearly always" and are scored from 0 to 4. The total score obtainable from the scale ranges from 0 to 88. A total score of 0-20 is considered little or no burden, 21-40 moderate burden, 41-60 severe burden, and 61-88 very severe burden. Higher scores indicate greater perceived caregiver burden. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient of the Turkish version was reported as 0.95 in the adaptation study

  From enrollment to the end of intervention for seven days

• Anxiety

  State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) The STAI was developed by Spielberger, Gorsuch, and Lushene (1970); its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Öner and Le Compte (1985). The inventory consists of two subscales assessing state and trait anxiety levels. Each subscale consists of 20 items rated on a four-point Likert-type scale. The State Anxiety Scale (SAS) assesses the level of anxiety experienced by an individual at a specific moment and under existing circumstances, whereas the Trait Anxiety Scale (TAS) assesses an individual's general anxiety proneness independent of the situation. Scores obtainable from each subscale range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating higher anxiety levels. The reliability coefficients of the inventory have been reported to range from 0.83 to 0.87

  From enrollment to the end of intervention for seven days

Study Arms (2)

music intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

Caregivers in the intervention group were presented with a music list prepared by the researchers in line with the recommendations of the Turkish Music Research and Promotion Group, consisting of pieces in the Rast makam (Turkish classical music modes). Participants were asked to select a piece from the list according to their own preference. Participants were asked to listen to their chosen piece of music through headphones, uninterrupted, for 30 minutes daily at the same time each day, for seven consecutive days. No additional music intervention was applied to participants during the intervention period, and the selected piece was not changed throughout the seven-day application period.

Behavioral: Music intervention

control group

NO INTERVENTION

No music-listening intervention was applied to caregivers in the control group, and participants continued to receive routine care processes

Interventions

Music intervention BEHAVIORAL

Caregivers in the intervention group were presented with a music list prepared by the researchers in line with the recommendations of the Turkish Music Research and Promotion Group, consisting of pieces in the Rast makam (Turkish classical music mode). Participants were asked to select a piece from the list according to their own preference. Participants were asked to listen to their chosen piece of music through headphones, uninterrupted, for 30 minutes daily at the same time each day, for seven consecutive days. No additional music intervention was applied to participants during the intervention period, and the selected piece was not changed throughout the seven-day application period. Adherence was monitored through a self-reported daily listening log completed by participants and verified through a daily phone call/reminder from the researcher.

music intervention group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• The study included first-degree family members aged between 18 and 65 years who were caring for an individual diagnosed with lung cancer, who had been providing care for at least six months, who had no condition preventing communication or any hearing impairment, and who volunteered to participate in the study.

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals younger than 18 or older than 65 years, those whose physical or cognitive health status made participation in the study process unsuitable, those not caring for an individual diagnosed with lung cancer, those with hearing loss or any health problem that could prevent participation in the music-listening intervention, and those who did not volunteer to participate were excluded from the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Izmir Bakircay University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Izmir Bakircay University

Izmir, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Anxiety Disorders; Caregiver Burden; Lung Neoplasms

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mental Disorders; Stress, Psychological; Behavioral Symptoms; Behavior; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Thoracic Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Lung Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases

Study Officials

• Ayşegül ÇELİK

  Izmir Bakircay University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: ASSOC. PROF.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 23, 2026
• First Posted: September 29, 2026
• Study Start: February 10, 2025
• Primary Completion: April 15, 2025
• Study Completion: April 30, 2025
• Last Updated: September 29, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)