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Effectiveness of Dual-Site tDCS Combined With Integrated Phonological and Fine Motor Intervention in 9-Year-Old Boys With Developmental Dyslexia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial
Sponsor study identifier
Secondary identifiers
REGISTRY · Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials
interventional
160
1 country
1
Study Start
August 23, 2026
Estimated (date passed)This estimate has passed. The registry has not confirmed an actual date for this milestone.
Primary Completion
July 6, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
Study Completion
August 1, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
This study examines whether combining non-invasive brain stimulation (tDCS) with an integrated reading-and-motor training program improves reading and phonological processing in 9-year-old boys with developmental dyslexia. Children with dyslexia often have difficulties in phonological awareness and fine motor skills. This study targets two brain areas at the same time: the left temporoparietal junction (important for reading and phonological processing) and the left primary motor cortex (important for hand movements and speech-related motor processes). Participants will be randomly assigned to one of eight groups. Some groups will receive active brain stimulation, and some will receive sham (inactive) stimulation, while also participating in different types of training: phonological awareness training, fine motor training, combined phonological and fine motor training, or no training. The treatment includes 20 sessions, three times per week for about 7 weeks. Reading and phonological skills will be measured before treatment, immediately after treatment, and again 3 months and 6 months later. The study will help determine whether a full treatment package-using brain stimulation together with combined reading and motor training-is more effective than single treatments or usual school education.
Registry-reported information. Elapsed time and enrollment totals alone do not measure study progress or recruitment pace.
August 1, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
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Dates and qualifiers reported by the registry. Estimated dates do not confirm that a milestone has occurred.
August 20, 2026
Actual (reported)August 23, 2026
Estimated (date passed)This estimate has passed. The registry has not confirmed an actual date for this milestone.
August 24, 2026
Actual (reported)July 6, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
August 1, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
Composite score of Factor 1 of the Reading and Dyslexia Test (NAMA)
Composite score of Factor 1 of the Reading and Dyslexia Test, which includes word reading, phoneme deletion, nonword reading, and word comprehension subtests.
Before intervention, immediately after the end of intervention, 3 months after intervention, and 6 months after intervention.
Fine motor performance (BOT-2 manual dexterity and upper-limb coordination)
Before intervention, immediately after the end of intervention, 3 months after intervention, and 6 months after intervention.
Rapid automatized naming speed
Before intervention, immediately after the end of intervention, 3 months after intervention, and 6 months after intervention.
Text reading fluency (correct words per minute)
Before intervention, immediately after the end of intervention, 3 months after intervention, and 6 months after intervention.
Sham tDCS randomly selected montage + usual school education, no cognitive training
Sham tDCS TPJ + phonological awareness training
Active tDCS will be delivered at 1 milliampere for 20 minutes per session, 20 sessions over about 7 weeks. The montage varies by arm: left temporoparietal (TPJ) montage, left primary motor cortex (M1) montage, or dual-site TPJ+M1 montage.
Consultation, Psychological, Research and Specialized Services Center of Isfahan Province General Department of Education
Isfahan, Isfahan, 8155113853, Iran
Shahriar Gharibzadeh, Ph.D.
Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University
First Submitted
August 20, 2026
First Posted
August 24, 2026
Sham tDCS M1 + non-targeted fine motor training
Sham dual-channel TPJ+M1 + combined phonological and fine motor intervention
Active tDCS TPJ + phonological awareness training
Active tDCS M1 + non-targeted fine motor training
Active dual-site TPJ+M1 + combined phonological and fine motor intervention
Active tDCS M1 alone, no cognitive intervention
Sham tDCS will use the same electrode positions as the active groups, but the current will be applied for only 30 seconds and then gradually ramped down.
20 sessions of 60 minutes each, three times per week for about 7 weeks. Covers syllable segmentation, rhyme, phoneme blending and segmentation, initial and final phoneme identification, phoneme manipulation, and grapheme-to-phoneme mapping.
20 sessions of 60 minutes each, three times per week for about 7 weeks. Includes activities without linguistic content, such as free play with dough, bead threading, pegboard tasks, and other manual dexterity exercises.
20 sessions of 60 minutes each, three times per week for about 7 weeks. Combines phonological awareness training with targeted fine motor activities linked to reading, such as forming letters with dough and stringing beads marked with phonemes.
Participants receive the standard school curriculum without additional cognitive or motor training.
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Study Start
August 23, 2026
Estimated (date passed)This estimate has passed. The registry has not confirmed an actual date for this milestone.
Primary Completion
July 6, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
Study Completion
August 1, 2027
EstimatedPlanned date reported by the registry; this milestone is not confirmed as achieved.
Last Updated
August 25, 2026
Record last verified: 2026-08
Individual participant data will not be shared due to confidentiality and ethical considerations related to minor participants. Sharing of participant-level data was not included in the informed consent or the study ethics approval. Only aggregate, deidentified results will be reported.
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Source: ClinicalTrials.gov.
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