The Effect of Virtual Reality Goggles on Pain, Anxiety and Sleep in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

NCT07758361 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: No sponsor support
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 94
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Knee osteoarthritis, which occurs after degeneration of the knee joint with age, is common in women after 65 years of age and surgical methods are generally used in the treatment of deformity, pain and limitation of movement. This surgical procedure is different from other surgical procedures. It takes a long time to perform activities of daily living and return to quality life. At the same time, pain, anxiety and sleep disorders are among the most common problems in the postoperative period. In addition to pharmacological methods, non-pharmacological methods (listening to music, watching movies, daydreaming, humor, virtual reality application, laughter) are used to reduce these problems. In recent years, especially virtual reality application has started to be used as a distraction-based approach in recent years. Virtual reality is the artificial creation of a three-dimensional environment through computer technology. In this application, it is ensured that the individual feels that he/she is a part of the created virtual environment with immersive environments that seem effective. This study was planned to determine the effect of virtual reality glasses on pain, anxiety and sleep in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. The study will be conducted with participants who are willing to participate in the study and whose consent has been obtained. One group will receive virtual reality goggles (experiment) and the other group will receive standard care. Control group They will be asked to evaluate their level of "Anxiety and Pain" before and two days after Total Knee Arthroplasty surgery and their level of Sleep at their convenience after waking up the next day. Experimental group In addition to the standard care and practices applied to the participants in the control group, you will be asked to watch videos of relaxing nature scenes wearing "Virtual Reality Goggles". These videos last 30 minutes. You will be asked to fill in the same scales for two days preoperatively and two days postoperatively as the participants in the control group.

Conditions

Arthropathy of Knee

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Postoperative pain intensity measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

  Pain intensity will be assessed using the 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), with higher scores indicating greater pain.

  Immediately before and immediately after each VR session on postoperative day 1 and postoperative day 2

Study Arms (2)

Virtual Reality Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants received standard postoperative care plus a nurse-guided virtual reality intervention.

Device: Virtual Reality Group

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants received standard postoperative care according to the orthopaedic clinic protocol.

Interventions

Virtual Reality Group DEVICE

Participants received standard postoperative care plus a nurse-guided virtual reality intervention.

Virtual Reality Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 70 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• underwent elective primary total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis; (3) were able to communicate in Turkish; (4) were mobilized on the first postoperative day according to the hospital's standard postoperative care protocol; (5) reported a postoperative pain score of ≥4 on the Numeric Rating Scale; and (6) provided written informed consent.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Sennur Kula Şahin: lead

Study Sites (1)

Istinye University

Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34010, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Since it is a single-blind randomized controlled trial, the nurse and the statistician evaluating the data will not be informed about the experimental and control groups.
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assist Prof

Model Details: Patients who did not receive virtual reality goggles (control group) will receive standard care and treatment. They will be asked to fill out the "State Anxiety Inventory Scale" and "Pain Visual Comparison Scale" form on the first and second postoperative day, and the "Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale" form when appropriate after waking up the next day. Virtual reality goggles were applied (experimental group): In addition to the standard care and treatment practices applied to the patients in the control group, they will be asked to watch videos with relaxing nature views with virtual reality glasses. These videos will be shown for 20-25 minutes twice a day, 2-3 hours after surgery and on the second day, in the morning and evening hours (before sleep) without analgesic administration (at least one hour). Scales will be administered to determine pain, anxiety and sleep levels immediately before and after wearing the virtual glasses.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 6, 2026
• First Posted: August 11, 2026
• Study Start: January 5, 2024
• Primary Completion: March 30, 2024
• Study Completion: December 30, 2024
• Last Updated: August 11, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)