Efficacy of Mixed Reality Motor-Cognitive Exercise Interventions

NCT07652996 | Completed DMC

• 2 other identifiers: HUM00284237)G033702
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aimed to compare the effects of an 8-week mixed reality motor-cognitive training (MR-MCT) intervention to an active comparison group on cognitive and physical functioning and age-related biomarkers in older adults aged 60 years or older with cognitive frailty.

Conditions

Intervention 1: Cognitive and Physical Training; Intervention 2: Multimodal Exercise

Keywords

Cognitive function; Physical function; Physical activity; Mixed reality; Multimodal exercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery-Fluid Test

  The participant's cognitive function including attention, memory, processing speed, and executive function will be measured by taking the NIH-Toolbox Cognition Battery Fluid test.

  Baseline and immediately after the intervention test, up to 14 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Short Physical Performance Battery test

  Baseline and immediately after the intervention test, up to 14 weeks

• Assessing Acceptability, Appropriateness, and Feasibility of the Intervention Questionnnaire

  Through completion of the study, up to 9 weeks.

• Neurology Biomarkers of Exercise Outcomes in Blood

  Baseline and immediately after the intervention test, up to 14 weeks

• ActiGraph activity monitor

  Baseline and immediately after the intervention test, up to 14 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Cognitive and Physical Training

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the intervention group received 16 MR-CPT group sessions over eight weeks (March 13- May 2). Each week, participants attended two 45-minute sessions delivered by trained instructors.

Behavioral: Cognitive and Physical Training

Multimodal exercise

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in the active comparison group engaged in an 8-week Tai Chi and multicomponent exercise group sessions, one 45-minute Tai Chi group session, and one 45-minute multicomponent exercise group session each week, starting from March 10 through April 30.

Behavioral: Multimodal exercise

Interventions

Cognitive and Physical Training BEHAVIORAL

Participants in the intervention group received 16 CPT group sessions over eight weeks (March 13- May 2). Each week, participants attended two 45-minute sessions delivered by trained instructors.

Cognitive and Physical Training

Multimodal exercise BEHAVIORAL

Participants in this active comparison group received 8 group sessions of functional fitness (aerobic, strength, and balance exercises) and 8 group sessions of Tai Chi (10-form Yang style) for 8 weeks during the same period of the intervention group (March 10-April 30).

Also known as: ME

Multimodal exercise

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• age 60 years or older;
• self-determined to be able to exercise safely;
• voluntarily completing all study activities;
• voluntarily signing the informed consent;
• willing to be randomized to either MR-MCT intervention group or the active comparison group; and
• meeting one of the following criteria:
• having subjective cognitive decline (self-report) or MCI: indicated by a Mini-Cog TM score of \<4 to increase sensitivity of MCI;
• exhibiting pre-physical frailty or physical frailty, as indicated by a score of 1-2 (pre-frailty) or 3-5 (frailty) on the 5-item FRAIL scale.
• low physical activity, defined as less than 600 Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)-min/week and fewer than two 10-min sessions of strengthening exercises per week in the past three months on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -Short Form (IPAQ-SF) with Muscle Strength.

You may not qualify if:

• recent history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or physical limitations as identified on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PARQ);
• Severe obesity: Body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher; or
• concurrent participation in another intervention study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Michigan: lead

Study Sites (1)

School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan

Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1048, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Motor Activity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Evaluators were blinded to arm/group allocation. In other words, evaluators did not know in which group/arm participants were.
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Model Details: Participants were randomized into one of two arms: Intervention vs. comparison. Intervention condition Participants in the intervention condition engaged in an 8-week MR-MCT intervention, consisting of two 45-minute MR-MCT sessions per week, starting from March 13 through May 2. A structured format was used to deliver each session. (1) Warm-Up (5-minutes): the instructor led the participant to perform 3-5 gentle stretching exercises and engage the participant in 3-4 minutes of MR-MCT preparation tasks. (2) Skill Building (30-35 minutes): The instructor engaged each participant in performing 3 sets of MR-MCT tasks, each set consisting of 6-8 progressive MR-MCT tasks lasting 8-10 minutes. Following each set, two-minute interval: the instructor led the participant to perform stretching exercises. and (3) Cool Down (5-minutes): the instructor led the participant to perform mindful stretching exercises with the session debrief.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 4, 2026
• First Posted: June 17, 2026
• Study Start: February 3, 2026
• Primary Completion: May 8, 2026
• Study Completion: May 8, 2026
• Last Updated: June 17, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)