NCT07650955

Brief Summary

Bilateral varicocele is commonly treated by microsurgical varicocelectomy. The conventional bilateral subinguinal approach usually requires two separate skin incisions, one on each side. A single midline infrapubic approach may allow bilateral microsurgical repair through one incision and may reduce access-related morbidity. This prospective randomized controlled trial will compare single infrapubic microsurgical bilateral varicocelectomy with conventional bilateral subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in adult men with clinically palpable bilateral varicocele. The study will evaluate postoperative pain, analgesic requirement, time to return to normal daily activity, operative time, scar satisfaction, wound complications, recurrence, and other safety outcomes during follow-up.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
40

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
7mo left

Started Jun 2026

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress36%
Jun 2026May 2027

Study Start

First participant enrolled

June 8, 2026

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 11, 2026

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 16, 2026

Completed
10 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2027

Expected
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 1, 2027

Last Updated

June 16, 2026

Status Verified

June 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

10 months

First QC Date

June 11, 2026

Last Update Submit

June 11, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Microsurgical varicocelectomySingle infrapubic approachBilateral varicocele

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Postoperative Pain Score

    Postoperative pain will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. Higher scores indicate worse postoperative pain.

    6 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days after surgery

  • Analgesic Requirement

    Analgesic requirement will be assessed by recording the total number and dose of analgesic tablets and/or injections consumed by the participant during the first 7 postoperative days. Higher analgesic use indicates greater postoperative analgesic requirement.

    During the first 7 postoperative days

  • Time to Return to Normal Daily Activity

    Time to return to normal daily activity will be defined as the number of days from surgery until the participant resumes usual non-strenuous daily activities. A shorter time indicates faster postoperative recovery.

    From surgery until return to normal daily activity, assessed up to 30 days after surgery

  • Total Operative Time

    Total operative time will be defined as the time from skin incision to completion of skin closure, measured in minutes.

    During surgery

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Scar Satisfaction and Cosmetic Outcome

    6 months after surgery

  • Varicocele Recurrence

    6 months after surgery

  • Conversion or Access Failure

    During surgery

  • Wound Complications

    Up to 30 days after surgery

Study Arms (2)

Single Infrapubic Microsurgical Bilateral Varicocelectomy

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants allocated to this arm will undergo bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy through a single midline infrapubic skin incision. The right and left spermatic cords will be approached sequentially through the same incision under microscopic or high-magnification surgical loupes with microsurgical capability. Dilated spermatic veins will be ligated while preserving the testicular artery or arteries, lymphatic vessels, vas deferens, and vasal vessels.

Procedure: Single Infrapubic Microsurgical Bilateral Varicocelectomy

Bilateral Subinguinal Microsurgical Varicocelectomy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants allocated to this arm will undergo conventional bilateral subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy through two separate standard subinguinal incisions, one on each side. Each spermatic cord will be isolated at the subinguinal level under microscopic or high-magnification surgical loupes with microsurgical capability. Dilated spermatic veins will be ligated while preserving the testicular artery or arteries, lymphatic vessels, vas deferens, and vasal vessels.

Procedure: Bilateral Subinguinal Microsurgical Varicocelectomy

Interventions

Conventional bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy performed through two separate standard subinguinal incisions, one on each side. Each spermatic cord will be isolated at the subinguinal level under microscopic or high-magnification surgical loupes with microsurgical capability. Dilated spermatic veins will be ligated while preserving the testicular artery or arteries, lymphatic vessels, vas deferens, and vasal vessels.

Bilateral Subinguinal Microsurgical Varicocelectomy

Bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy performed through a single midline infrapubic skin incision. The right and left spermatic cords will be approached sequentially through the same incision under microscopic or high-magnification surgical loupes with microsurgical capability. Dilated spermatic veins will be ligated while preserving the testicular artery or arteries, lymphatic vessels, vas deferens, and vasal vessels.

Single Infrapubic Microsurgical Bilateral Varicocelectomy

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 45 Years
Sexmale
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Male patients aged 18 to 45 years.
  • Clinically palpable bilateral varicocele, grade II or grade III.
  • Diagnosis confirmed by color Doppler ultrasound.
  • Infertility for at least 12 months and/or abnormal semen analysis.
  • Female partner evaluation performed or planned to exclude major uncorrected female-factor infertility.
  • Patient fit for surgery and anesthesia.
  • Written informed consent provided by the participant.

You may not qualify if:

  • Subclinical varicocele detected only by Doppler ultrasound.
  • Unilateral varicocele.
  • Recurrent varicocele after previous surgery, embolization, or sclerotherapy.
  • Previous inguinal, scrotal, pelvic, or penile surgery likely to distort surgical anatomy.
  • Associated inguinal hernia, hydrocele, spermatocele, epididymal cyst, or other scrotal condition requiring simultaneous surgery.
  • Azoospermia, especially suspected non-obstructive azoospermia.
  • Active urinary tract or genital infection.
  • Coagulopathy or anticoagulant therapy that cannot be safely interrupted.
  • Severe obesity, defined as body mass index greater than 40 kg/m², or any anatomical condition preventing safe exposure by either surgical approach.
  • Refusal to participate or inability to complete follow-up.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Department of Urology- Beni-Suef University Hospitals

Banī Suwayf, Beni Suweif Governorate, 02456, Egypt

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Infertility, Male

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Genital Diseases, MaleGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesInfertilityMale Urogenital Diseases

Study Officials

  • Hany F Badawy, MD

    Faculty of medicine Beni-Suef University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Hany F Badawy, MD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Masking Details
This is an open-label surgical trial. Participant and surgeon blinding is not feasible because the incision site and number of incisions differ between the two surgical approaches. Semen analysis will be performed by laboratory staff blinded to treatment allocation, and statistical analysis will be performed using coded groups.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either single infrapubic microsurgical bilateral varicocelectomy or bilateral subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Lecturer of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 11, 2026

First Posted

June 16, 2026

Study Start

June 8, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2027

Last Updated

June 16, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Individual participant data will not be shared because the study includes sensitive reproductive health data, semen analysis results, infertility-related information, and treatment-related clinical information. Only aggregated, de-identified results will be reported in publications or presentations. Any future sharing of de-identified participant-level data would require additional approval from the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University.

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