NCT07643363

Brief Summary

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of temporal interference stimulation (TIS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, in improving cognitive function in patients with cognitive impairment. TIS uses two high-frequency currents applied transcranially, which intersect within the brain to generate a low-frequency modulation field. This technique selectively modulates deep brain regions while minimizing the stimulation of superficial cortical layers. Participants will undergo individualized MRI-based modeling to determine the optimal electrode placement and stimulation parameters. The intervention consists of 10 stimulation sessions over a period of 14 days, using either active TIS or sham stimulation. Cognitive assessments, EEG recordings, and functional MRI scans will be conducted at baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; at the end of the 10-day intervention; and during follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention to evaluate both immediate and long-term effects on cognitive performance and neural activity. The study aims to determine whether TIS can serve as a feasible and effective neuromodulation strategy for individuals with cognitive impairment.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
60

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
36mo left

Started Jul 2026

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 1, 2026

Completed
10 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 11, 2026

Completed
20 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2026

Expected
1.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 1, 2028

1 year until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 1, 2029

Last Updated

June 11, 2026

Status Verified

June 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.9 years

First QC Date

June 1, 2026

Last Update Submit

June 8, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Temporal Interference StimulationAlzheimer's DiseaseFrontotemporal Dementia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Changes from Baseline in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) Score

    Measures global cognitive function. The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) is a clinician-administered scale commonly used to assess cognitive performance in individuals with cognitive impairment and dementia. Full Scale Name: Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog). Typical Total Score Range: 0 to 70. Higher Scores Mean: Greater cognitive impairment (worse cognitive performance).

    Baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; end of the 10-day intervention; and follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention.

Secondary Outcomes (17)

  • Cross-frequency Neural Oscillations

    Baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; end of the 10-day intervention; and follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention.

  • Change from baseline in resting-state frontal-temporal EEG functional connectivity strength

    Baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; end of the 10-day intervention; and follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention.

  • Changes from Baseline in Frontal and Temporal Gray Matter Density (sMRI)

    Baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; end of the 10-day intervention; and follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention.

  • Changes from Baseline in Cortical Thickness (sMRI)

    Baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; end of the 10-day intervention; and follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention.

  • Changes from baseline in ALFF

    Baseline; 5 days after intervention initiation; end of the 10-day intervention; and follow-up assessments at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-intervention.

  • +12 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (3)

Sham TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive Training

SHAM COMPARATOR

Participants will receive sham temporal interference stimulation during the first 5 days, followed by active temporal interference stimulation during the next 5 days. Targeted cognitive training will be administered during the intervention period.

Device: Temporal Interference StimulationDevice: Sham Temporal Interference StimulationBehavioral: Targeted Cognitive Training

Active TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive Training

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive active temporal interference stimulation during the first 5 days and the next 5 days. Targeted cognitive training will be administered during the intervention period.

Device: Temporal Interference StimulationBehavioral: Targeted Cognitive Training

Active TIS + Active TIS + General Cognitive Training

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will receive active temporal interference stimulation during the first 5 days and the next 5 days. General cognitive training will be administered during the intervention period.

Device: Temporal Interference StimulationBehavioral: General Cognitive Training

Interventions

Temporal interference stimulation will be delivered using two high-frequency alternating currents at 2000 Hz and 2100 Hz, generating a low-frequency envelope. Stimulation will be delivered in a theta-burst-like pattern with 2 seconds on and 8 seconds off. Frontal and temporal targets will be stimulated sequentially. In the sham-controlled group, participants will receive active stimulation during Days 6-10 following 5 days of sham stimulation. In the active stimulation groups, participants will receive active stimulation throughout the entire 10-day intervention period. Two sessions will be administered per day, with each session lasting 40 minutes.

Active TIS + Active TIS + General Cognitive TrainingActive TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive TrainingSham TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive Training

Sham stimulation will use two identical high-frequency currents of 2000 Hz and 2000 Hz, producing no frequency difference and no modulation envelope. The stimulation timing, electrode placement, and procedures will be consistent with active stimulation to maintain blinding. In the sham-controlled group, sham stimulation will be administered during Days 1-5 before switching to active stimulation.

Sham TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive Training

Participants will complete general cognitive training tasks involving multiple cognitive domains without specifically emphasizing the primary targeted cognitive process.

Active TIS + Active TIS + General Cognitive Training

Participants will complete structured cognitive training tasks designed to engage specific cognitive processes associated with the study objectives.

Active TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive TrainingSham TIS + Active TIS + Targeted Cognitive Training

Eligibility Criteria

Age45 Years - 85 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • meets the criteria for probable AD and MCI due to AD as defined by the 2024 National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) guidelines;
  • Positive amyloid biomarker (amyloid PET or CSF tTau/Aβ 42);
  • Positive tau biomarker (tau-PET or CSF pTau181);
  • AD-related standard treatments (acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists) taken at a stable dose for at least 12 weeks prior to baseline.
  • meets the criteria for probable bvFTD as defined by the revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (2011), or PPA as defined by the Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants (2011);
  • Optional genetic confirmation of FTD-related pathogenic mutations (if available).
  • Aged between 45 and 85 years, inclusive; no gender limitation.
  • Right-handed.
  • Education level ≥ 3 years.
  • Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 11.
  • Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score of 1 or 2.
  • with a reliable caregiver
  • Able to cooperate with cognitive assessments and cognitive training procedures.
  • Full understanding of the study, voluntary participation, and provision of written informed consent approved by the Ethics Committee.

You may not qualify if:

  • Diagnosis of other types of dementia or major neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, epilepsy, Lewy body dementia, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease dementia, Huntington's disease).
  • Major psychiatric disorders such as severe depression or anxiety.
  • Severe systemic or organ dysfunction (e.g., heart failure III-IV, liver cirrhosis, renal failure).
  • Use of medications that significantly affect cognition (e.g., anticholinergics, sedatives), unless approved by the physician.
  • Presence of metal implants incompatible with MRI or TIS (e.g., pacemakers, deep brain stimulators).
  • Skull defects or cranial abnormalities.
  • Inability to tolerate EEG or head stabilization.
  • Severe visual or hearing impairment preventing task performance.
  • History of alcohol or drug abuse.
  • Participation in another clinical trial within the past 3 months.
  • Current or recent treatment with anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies (e.g., lecanemab, donanemab).

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Tianjin Huanhu Hospital

Tianjin, Tianjin Municipality, China

RECRUITING

Related Publications (5)

  • Li LM, Violante IR, Leech R, Ross E, Hampshire A, Opitz A, Rothwell JC, Carmichael DW, Sharp DJ. Brain state and polarity dependent modulation of brain networks by transcranial direct current stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp. 2019 Feb 15;40(3):904-915. doi: 10.1002/hbm.24420. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

    PMID: 30378206BACKGROUND
  • Wessel MJ, Beanato E, Popa T, Windel F, Vassiliadis P, Menoud P, Beliaeva V, Violante IR, Abderrahmane H, Dzialecka P, Park CH, Maceira-Elvira P, Morishita T, Cassara AM, Steiner M, Grossman N, Neufeld E, Hummel FC. Noninvasive theta-burst stimulation of the human striatum enhances striatal activity and motor skill learning. Nat Neurosci. 2023 Nov;26(11):2005-2016. doi: 10.1038/s41593-023-01457-7. Epub 2023 Oct 19.

    PMID: 37857774BACKGROUND
  • Violante IR, Alania K, Cassara AM, Neufeld E, Acerbo E, Carron R, Williamson A, Kurtin DL, Rhodes E, Hampshire A, Kuster N, Boyden ES, Pascual-Leone A, Grossman N. Non-invasive temporal interference electrical stimulation of the human hippocampus. Nat Neurosci. 2023 Nov;26(11):1994-2004. doi: 10.1038/s41593-023-01456-8. Epub 2023 Oct 19.

    PMID: 37857775BACKGROUND
  • Grossman N, Bono D, Dedic N, Kodandaramaiah SB, Rudenko A, Suk HJ, Cassara AM, Neufeld E, Kuster N, Tsai LH, Pascual-Leone A, Boyden ES. Noninvasive Deep Brain Stimulation via Temporally Interfering Electric Fields. Cell. 2017 Jun 1;169(6):1029-1041.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.024.

    PMID: 28575667BACKGROUND
  • Beanato E, Moon HJ, Windel F, Vassiliadis P, Wessel MJ, Popa T, Pauline M, Neufeld E, De Falco E, Gauthier B, Steiner M, Blanke O, Hummel FC. Noninvasive modulation of the hippocampal-entorhinal complex during spatial navigation in humans. Sci Adv. 2024 Nov;10(44):eado4103. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ado4103. Epub 2024 Oct 30.

    PMID: 39475597BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Alzheimer DiseaseFrontotemporal Dementia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

DementiaBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesTauopathiesNeurodegenerative DiseasesNeurocognitive DisordersMental DisordersFrontotemporal Lobar DegenerationTDP-43 ProteinopathiesProteostasis DeficienciesMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Director

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 1, 2026

First Posted

June 11, 2026

Study Start (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 1, 2029

Last Updated

June 11, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations