NCT07596914

Brief Summary

This randomized 2x2 factorial intervention trial administers 8 weekly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions (yes/no) and 4 bi-weekly active whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) sessions (yes/no) to adults aged 18 years or older with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Trial Health

63
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
60

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable major-depressive-disorder

Timeline
32mo left

Started Aug 2026

Typical duration for not_applicable major-depressive-disorder

Geographic Reach
1 country

3 active sites

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 12, 2026

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 19, 2026

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 1, 2026

Expected
2.7 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 31, 2029

Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 31, 2029

Last Updated

May 19, 2026

Status Verified

May 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

2.7 years

First QC Date

May 12, 2026

Last Update Submit

May 12, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Whole-Body HyperthermiaHeat TherapyPassive HeatingCognitive Behavioral Therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Retention

    Proportion of participants completing the final assessment (Target: 80% of participants)

    12 weeks

  • CBT Intervention Fidelity

    Proportion of CBT sessions coded in the proficient range (score of 48 or greater) on the Cognitive Therapy Scale - Revised (Target: 85% of sessions)

    12 weeks

  • WBH Intervention Fidelity

    Proportion of participants randomized to receive WBH who achieve a core body temperature of 38.5 C at one or more WBH sessions (Target: 80% of participants)

    12 weeks

  • Study Assessment Completion

    Proportion of study assessments completed, including weekly surveys and post-intervention and follow-up assessments (Target: 85% of assessments)

    6 months

Study Arms (4)

No Interventions

NO INTERVENTION

No study-provided interventions. In this design, participants randomized to receive neither intervention can receive any treatment recommended by their healthcare provider (except for engagement with new WBH practices).

WBH Only

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive 4 bi-weekly whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) sessions that raise core body temperature to 38.5 C. Each WBH session (including preparation and post-session activities) is up to approximately 3.5 hours.

Device: Whole-Body Hyperthermia

CBT Only

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive 8 cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions. Each CBT session is approximately 50 minutes.

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

WBH and CBT

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive 8 cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions and 4 bi-weekly whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) sessions that raise core body temperature to 38.5 C. Each WBH session (including preparation and post-session activities) is up to approximately 3.5 hours, and each CBT session is approximately 50 minutes.

Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)Device: Whole-Body Hyperthermia

Interventions

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a behavioral (psychotherapeutic) intervention for major depressive disorder (MDD). A highly trained masters' or PhD-level clinician will administer 8 weekly CBT sessions (\~50 minutes each), following the standard cognitive behavioral therapy for depression protocol.

CBT OnlyWBH and CBT

Active whole-body hyperthermia (active WBH) will be administered by trained research assistants. Preparation for the active WBH session, the active WBH session, and cool down will last 3.5 hours, with heating lasting approximately 90-100 minutes (and no longer than 140 minutes). The treatment will take place in an infrared sauna dome, and the active heating phase will last until the participants has achieved a core (rectal) temperature of 38.5 C.

WBH OnlyWBH and CBT

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • years or older
  • Able to read and speak in English
  • Able to understand the nature of the study and able to provide written informed consent
  • Current major depressive episode of at least 2 weeks duration as assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID) and a Patient Health Questionnaire - 8 (PHQ-8) score of 10 or greater at screening
  • Willing to use a form of pregnancy contraceptive (e.g., barrier methods such as condoms, oral contraception, or other birth control type) if assigned female sex at birth and premenopausal
  • Able to lie supine for 2 hours in a sauna device
  • Access to the internet via computer, smartphone, or tablet

You may not qualify if:

  • \>30% reduction in BDI-II score between Screen #1 and Screen #2 (conducted \~1 week after Screen #1)
  • Suicide attempt in the past 12 months defined using the SAMHSA suicidality question during the clinician-administered interview or active suicidal ideation as indexed by a score of 3 on the BDI-II suicidality item during the clinician-administered interview
  • Any of the following medical conditions: cardiovascular disease (other than controlled hypertension), seizure disorder, history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or other serious neurological condition (e.g. Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, or dementia), current neoplasia, any active enclosed infection (e.g. dental abscess, joint infection), hemophilia or other cause for excessive bleeding (e.g. platelet disorder), or other medical condition that in the opinion of investigators may increase the risk of WBH
  • Comorbid psychiatric conditions or history of comorbid psychiatric conditions that might better explain depressive symptoms, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, Bipolar Disorder I, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Alcohol Dependence, or Drug Dependence
  • Known hypersensitivity to hyperthermia and/or infrared exposure
  • Inability to fit into the sauna device
  • Breast implants
  • Pregnancy, active lactation or intention to become pregnant during the study period
  • Use of any medication that might impact thermoregulatory capacity, including: Diuretics, barbiturates, beta-blockers, antipsychotic agents, anti-cholinergic agents or chronic use of antihistamines, aspirin (other than low-dose ASA for prophylactic purposes), medication prescribed for the treatment of depression (antidepressant medication \[ADM\]) including but not limited to: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors \[SSRIs\], Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors \[SNRIs\], Monoamine oxidase inhibitors \[MAOIs\], Tricyclics \[TCAs\], and atypical antipsychotic and antidepressant medications (participants must have been free of these medications for at least 4 weeks), antibiotics (past 14 days), pain medication (opioids) due to procedure, e.g., dental procedure (past 14 days), Emergency contraception pill (past 14 days), or any other medication that in the judgment of the PI would increase risk of study participation or introduce excessive variance into physiological or behavioral responses to WBH
  • Recent use (multiple consecutive doses) of: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), systemic corticosteroids, cytokine antagonists
  • Regular use of any nicotine products, including cigarettes, vapes, chewing tobacco, or other forms of nicotine (if use is not regular, must be willing to refrain for 24 hours before and 24 hours after WBH session)
  • Unwilling to refrain from using marijuana products and alcohol for the 24 hours before and 24 hours after WBH session
  • Unwilling to refrain from heavy exercise on the day of WBH sessions
  • Unwilling to refrain from engaging with sauna, hot yoga, cold plunges, cryotherapy, and hot tub/jacuzzi outside of study (prospective participant must not have engaged with any of these activities for 30 days prior to their baseline study visit).
  • Has begun new psychotherapy treatment in the prior 6 weeks

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (3)

University of California, San Francisco, Osher Center for Integrative Health

San Francisco, California, 94115, United States

Location

Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)

Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, United States

Location

Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, United States

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Mason AE, Chowdhary A, Hartogensis W, Siwik CJ, Lupesko-Persky O, Pandya LS, Roberts S, Anglo C, Moran PJ, Nelson JC, Lowry CA, Patrick RP, Raison CL, Hecht FM. Feasibility and acceptability of an integrated mind-body intervention for depression: whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Int J Hyperthermia. 2024;41(1):2351459. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2024.2351459. Epub 2024 May 14.

    PMID: 38743265BACKGROUND
  • Mason AE, Hartogensis W, Chowdhary A, Siwik CJ, Pandya LS, Jung E, Lupesko-Persky O, Hartley E, Hopkins L, Roberts S, Borovinsky J, Nelson JC, Lowry CA, Patrick RP, Moran PJ, Raison CL, Hecht FM. A Randomized Trial Testing a Novel Mind and Body Intervention for Depression: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH). Glob Adv Integr Med Health. 2025 Oct 22;14:27536130251387714. doi: 10.1177/27536130251387714. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.

    PMID: 41146956BACKGROUND

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Depressive Disorder, MajorHyperthermia

Interventions

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Depressive DisorderMood DisordersMental DisordersBody Temperature ChangesSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsHeat Stress DisordersWounds and Injuries

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior TherapyPsychotherapyBehavioral Disciplines and Activities

Study Officials

  • Ashley E Mason, PhD

    University of California, San Francisco

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Ashley E Mason, PhD

CONTACT

Sarah M Fisher, MS

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
CARE PROVIDER, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
Study clinician-assessors will perform clinical interviews and provide CBT, but will be masked to the participants' WBH condition (yes/no).
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Model Details: Participants are randomized to whole-body hyperthermia (yes/no) and cognitive behavioral therapy (yes/no). This is a 2x2 factorial design.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 12, 2026

First Posted

May 19, 2026

Study Start (Estimated)

August 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

March 31, 2029

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 31, 2029

Last Updated

May 19, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-05

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

The final IPD dataset will include self-reported demographic data, other self-reported data (e.g., subjective mood measures), and clinician-assessed data (e.g., depression diagnosis status).

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
Time Frame
Beginning 3 months after the publication of results and unending.
Access Criteria
Data will be accessible via the Vivli platform. To access IPD arising from this project, users must complete the Vivli data request form and sign the Vivli Data Use Agreement, which limits subsequent use to the terms of the approved request and requires that users maintain data security, and refrain from any attempts to reidentify research participants or engage in any unauthorized uses of the data. In order to get access to the data, the user must submit a valid scientific question, include a statistical analysis plan, and complete all required fields on the Vivli data request form. Vivli will review the data request for completeness. Anyone who has submitted an approved data request and signed a data use agreement on Vivli will be given access to the data. Vivli will then make the data available, without cost, to users for a set period of time. Vivli will maintain storage and access of the data for as long as it maintains scientific utility.
More information

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