Effectiveness of a Self-Efficacy Based Educational Program on Glycemic Self-Monitoring, Diabetes Self-Management Knowledge, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
T2DM-SM-QOL-
1 other identifier
interventional
400
1 country
1
Brief Summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-efficacy-based educational program on glycemic self-monitoring, diabetes self-management knowledge, and health-related quality of life among adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving the educational program or a control group receiving standard care. The educational program is designed to enhance patients' confidence (self-efficacy) in managing their condition, including blood glucose monitoring, adherence to treatment, lifestyle modification, and self-care practices. Outcomes will be assessed using validated tools to measure improvements in self-monitoring behaviors, knowledge, and quality of life. The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence on the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving diabetes management and patient outcomes.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for not_applicable diabetes-mellitus-type-2
Started May 2026
Shorter than P25 for not_applicable diabetes-mellitus-type-2
1 active site
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
April 24, 2026
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
May 1, 2026
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
May 1, 2026
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
May 6, 2026
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
October 1, 2026
ExpectedMay 6, 2026
April 1, 2026
Same day
April 24, 2026
April 30, 2026
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors Measured Using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ)
Change in diabetes self-management behaviors measured using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). The DSMQ is a 16-item validated self-report instrument developed by Schmitt et al. (2013) to assess diabetes self-care behaviors that influence glycemic control, including glucose management, dietary control, physical activity, and healthcare utilization. Items are rated on a Likert scale, with higher scores indicating better self-management.
Baseline and 3 months after intervention
Secondary Outcomes (1)
Diabetes Knowledge Measured Using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ)
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention
Other Outcomes (1)
Health-Related Quality of Life Measured Using the EQ-5D-5L Questionnaire
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention
Study Arms (2)
Self-Efficacy Educational Program Groups
EXPERIMENTALParticipants in this arm will receive a structured self-efficacy-based educational program designed to improve glycemic self-monitoring, diabetes self-management knowledge, and health-related quality of life among adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The intervention is based on self-efficacy theory and focuses on enhancing patients' confidence in performing diabetes self-care behaviors. The program is delivered through structured educational sessions conducted by trained healthcare professionals. It includes interactive lectures, group discussions, demonstrations, and practical training covering blood glucose self-monitoring, medication adherence, dietary management, physical activity, and prevention of diabetes-related complications. Educational materials such as printed handouts and visual aids are provided to reinforce learning. The intervention is delivered over a defined number of sessions within a specific timeframe.
Control Group
ACTIVE COMPARATORParticipants in this arm will receive standard routine care for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as provided in usual clinical practice at the healthcare facilities. This includes regular follow-up visits, general medical advice, and standard education related to diabetes management as offered by healthcare providers. No structured or additional self-efficacy-based educational program will be provided to this group. Participants will continue their usual care without any additional intervention from the research team.
Interventions
A structured self-efficacy-based educational program designed for adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus to improve glycemic self-monitoring, diabetes self-management knowledge, and health-related quality of life. The program is grounded in self-efficacy theory and aims to enhance patients' confidence in performing diabetes self-care behaviors. The intervention is delivered through scheduled educational sessions conducted by trained healthcare professionals and includes interactive lectures, group discussions, demonstrations, and practical training. Key topics include blood glucose self-monitoring, medication adherence, dietary management, physical activity, complication prevention, and problem-solving strategies for diabetes self-care. Educational materials such as printed booklets and visual aids are used to reinforce learning. The program is implemented over a defined number of sessions within a specified period, while the control group receives standard routine care only.
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Adults aged 18 years and above
- Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
- Attending Jordanian Ministry of Health healthcare facilities for at least six months with regular follow-up visits
- Able to perform or learn self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)
- Able to use a glucometer independently
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
You may not qualify if:
- Patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes
- Patients with physical or cognitive impairments that limit the ability to perform SMBG independently
- Pregnant or lactating women
- Patients with severe medical conditions such as renal failure or cardiovascular instability that may affect participation
- Patients with other conditions that may hinder study participation
- Patients who do not provide informed consent
- Patients who fail to respond to study instruments
- Patients who participated in similar educational programs within the past six months
- Patients currently using corticosteroid medications due to their effect on blood glucose levels
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (1)
Ministry of Health Primary Healthcare Centers
Jerash, Dours, 009627, Jordan
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Jawad AHMAD ABU-SHENNAR, Asst.Prof.Dr
Jerash University, Faculty of Nursing
Central Study Contacts
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- not applicable
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- OTHER
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Assistant Professor
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
April 24, 2026
First Posted
May 6, 2026
Study Start
May 1, 2026
Primary Completion
May 1, 2026
Study Completion (Estimated)
October 1, 2026
Last Updated
May 6, 2026
Record last verified: 2026-04
Data Sharing
- IPD Sharing
- Will not share
Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because this study involves human subjects data collected for academic and institutional research purposes. Data confidentiality and participant privacy will be strictly maintained in accordance with ethical guidelines and institutional review board (IRB) requirements. Only aggregated results will be reported and published, and individual-level data will not be made publicly available.