NCT07541300

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the postprandial effect of palm olein- and palm kernel oil- diets compared to PUFA-rich diet (sunflower oil in this study) on gut hormones response and appetite in healthy adults. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Do palm olein- and palm kernel oil-diets postulate to improve satiety and lower appetite compared to PUFA rich diet (sunflower oil) in healthy adults? Researchers will compare diets prepared with palm olain or palm kernel oil to a diet prepared with sunflower oil to see the effects of these three diets on gut hormones and satiety score. Participants will:
  • Attend a health screening session for subjects selection according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.
  • Visit the study center three times with 2 weeks apart.
  • Provide blood samples and fill up questionnaires at different time point within 4 hours.
  • Receive a ad libitum meal after 4 hours intervention.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
36

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
3mo left

Started Jan 2026

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress58%
Jan 2026Aug 2026

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 12, 2026

Completed
3 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 13, 2026

Completed
8 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 21, 2026

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 1, 2026

Expected
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 1, 2026

Last Updated

April 21, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

6 months

First QC Date

April 13, 2026

Last Update Submit

April 13, 2026

Conditions

Healthy Adult

Keywords

Gut hormonesAppetitePalm kernel oilPalm oilSatiety score

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)

    GIP analysed using ELISA kits using plasma sample.

    postprandial from baseline (0 min) to 4 hours

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)

    Postprandial from baseline (0 min) to 4 hours

  • Peptide YY (PYY)

    Postprandial from baseline (0 min) to 4 hours

  • Ghrelin

    Postprandial from baseline (0 min) to 4 hours

  • HOMA IR

    Postprandial from baseline (0 min) up to 2 hours.

  • Cholecytokinin, CCK

    Postprandial from baseline (0 min) to 4 hours.

Study Arms (6)

P

EXPERIMENTAL

PO-PKO-SFO

Other: Palm oleinOther: Palm kernel oilOther: Sunflower Oil

Q

EXPERIMENTAL

PO-SFO-PKO

Other: Palm oleinOther: Palm kernel oilOther: Sunflower Oil

R

EXPERIMENTAL

PKO-PO-SFO

Other: Palm oleinOther: Palm kernel oilOther: Sunflower Oil

S

EXPERIMENTAL

PKO-SFO-PO

Other: Palm oleinOther: Palm kernel oilOther: Sunflower Oil

T

EXPERIMENTAL

SFO-PO-PKO

Other: Palm oleinOther: Palm kernel oilOther: Sunflower Oil

U

EXPERIMENTAL

SFO-PKO-PO

Other: Palm oleinOther: Palm kernel oilOther: Sunflower Oil

Interventions

Palm oleinOTHER

high-fat muffin prepared with 50g palm olein

PQRSTU
Palm kernel oilOTHER

high-fat muffin prepared with 50g palm kernel oil

PQRSTU
Sunflower OilOTHER

high-fat muffin prepared with 50g sunflower oil

PQRSTU

Eligibility Criteria

Age20 Years - 45 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Age 20 to 45 years.
  • BMI 20 to 27.5 kg/m2.
  • Blood pressure with 90 to 130 mmHg for systolic and 60 to 80 mmHg for diastolic measurements.
  • Fasting blood glucose of 3.9 to 5.5 mmol/L.
  • Fasting total cholesterol \< 6.0 mmol/L.
  • Fasting triglycerides \< 2.3 mmol/L.
  • Not using any form of nicotine and alcohol.

You may not qualify if:

  • Diagnosed any form of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome with or without medication.
  • Consuming any long term prescribed medications or supplements, including hormonal contraceptive pills.
  • Having moderate anaemia with haemoglobin \<110 g/l for men and \<100 g/l for women.
  • Having blood clotting problem
  • Having difficulty in cannulation (small, thin or hard-to-find veins)
  • Women who are pregnant or lactating.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Malaysian Palm Oil Board

Kajang, Selangor, 43300, Malaysia

Location

MeSH Terms

Interventions

palm kernel oilSunflower Oil

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Plant OilsPlant PreparationsBiological ProductsComplex Mixtures

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
CROSSOVER
Model Details: 3x6 arms, crossover-designed randomised feeding intervention.
Sponsor Type
OTHER GOV
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 13, 2026

First Posted

April 21, 2026

Study Start

January 12, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 1, 2026

Last Updated

April 21, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations

MY(1)