Multiple Breathing Training on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Older Adults

NCT07459153 | Active Not Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: EX PHYSIO SPSC 13
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 26
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study were to investigate the effects of multiple breathing training on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), aerobic capacity, and dyspnea symptoms in older adults.

Conditions

Older Adults (60 - 85 Years Old)

Keywords

Multiple breathing training; Pulmonary function; Respiratory muscle strength; Chest Expansion; Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Forced Vital Capacity; FVC

  Participants were seated in a chair and wore a nasal clip during the assessment. They first performed three cycles of slow, normal breathing, followed by a demonstration of forced inspiration and expiration, and then returned to normal breathing.

  Change from Baseline FVC at 8 weeks.

• Forced Expiratory Volume in One second; FEV1

  Participants were seated in a chair and wore a nasal clip during the assessment. They first performed three cycles of slow, normal breathing, followed by a demonstration of forced inspiration and expiration, and then returned to normal breathing.

  Change from Baseline FEV1 at 8 weeks.

• Maximum Voluntary Ventilation; MVV

  Participants were instructed to breathe in and out as quickly and forcefully as possible for 15 seconds.

  Change from Baseline MVV at 8 weeks.

• Maximal Inspiratory Pressure; MIP

  Participants were instructed to exhale fully to functional residual capacity (FRC), then place the mouthpiece securely and perform a maximal inspiratory effort sustained for 1-2 seconds.

  Change from Baseline MIP at 8 weeks.

• Maximal expiratory pressure; MEP

  Participants inhaled fully to total lung capacity (TLC), maintained a tight seal on the mouthpiece, and then performed a maximal expiratory effort for 1-2 seconds.

  Change from Baseline MEP at 8 weeks.

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Chest expansion

  Change from Baseline Chest expansion at 8 weeks.

• Fraction exhaled nitric oxide; FeNO

  Change from Baseline FeNO at 8 weeks.

• Six minutes walk test (6MWT)

  Change from Baseline 6MWT at 8 weeks.

• The University of California, SanDiego Shorthess of Breath Questionnaire (SOBQ)

  Change from Baseline SOBQ at 8 weeks.

Study Arms (2)

Multiple breathing training

EXPERIMENTAL

The multiple breathing training program consisted of five structured breathing exercises designed to improve inspiratory muscle strength, expiratory muscle strength, and breath control. Each exercise was performed for three sets, and the total training duration was approximately 40 minutes per session. The program included the following components: Inspiratory Muscle Training (PowerBreathe device): Participants performed resisted inhalation to strengthen the inspiratory muscles (10 repetitions per set). Expiratory Muscle Training (Balloon with control device): Participants exhaled into a balloon while maintaining pressure according to their measured maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (10 repetitions per set). Inspiratory Training (Tri-Flow device): Participants inhaled through the device to elevate and maintain the floating balls, promoting sustained inspiratory effort (10 repetitions per set). Expiratory Training (Windmill device): Participants exhaled to rotate the windmill,

Other: Multiple breathing training

Control group (Normal daily life)

NO INTERVENTION

Interventions

Multiple breathing training OTHER

The multiple breathing training program consisted of five structured breathing exercises designed to improve inspiratory muscle strength, expiratory muscle strength, and breath control. Each exercise was performed for three sets, and the total training duration was approximately 40 minutes per session. The program included the following components: Inspiratory Muscle Training (PowerBreathe device): Participants performed resisted inhalation to strengthen the inspiratory muscles (10 repetitions per set). Expiratory Muscle Training (Balloon with control device): Participants exhaled into a balloon while maintaining pressure according to their measured maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (10 repetitions per set). Inspiratory Training (Tri-Flow device): Participants inhaled through the device to elevate and maintain the floating balls, promoting sustained inspiratory effort (10 repetitions per set). Expiratory Training (Windmill device): Participants exhaled to rotate the windmill, e

Multiple breathing training

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years - 75 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Older adults aged 60-75 years, both male and female.
• Not regularly physically active (exercising fewer than 2 times per week) during the 6 months prior to the study.
• Cooperative, without communication problems, and able to follow instructions from the trainer.
• No history of cardiovascular disease and no respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), etc.
• No hypertension, or if diagnosed with hypertension, it must be well controlled, with resting blood pressure not exceeding 140 mmHg systolic and 90 mmHg diastolic.
• Able to ambulate independently without assistance or assistive devices.
• Willing to participate in the study and able to provide written informed consent.

You may not qualify if:

• Any unforeseen events preventing continued participation in the study, such as injury from an accident or illness.
• Attendance of less than 80% of the training sessions (fewer than 19 out of 24 sessions, including the basic training period).
• Withdrawal of consent or unwillingness to continue participation in the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Chulalongkorn University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University

Bangkok, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Jansang S, Mickleborough T, Suksom D. Effects of Pursed-Lip Breathing Exercise Using Windmill Toy on Lung Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in the Elderly. J Med Assoc Thai. 2016 Sep;99(9):1046-51.

  PMID: 29927211 BACKGROUND

• Jun HJ, Kim KJ, Nam KW, Kim CH. Effects of breathing exercises on lung capacity and muscle activities of elderly smokers. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Jun;28(6):1681-5. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1681. Epub 2016 Jun 28.

  PMID: 27390394 BACKGROUND

• Gosselink R. Breathing techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chron Respir Dis. 2004;1(3):163-72. doi: 10.1191/1479972304cd020rs.

  PMID: 16281658 BACKGROUND

• Chung Y, Huang TY, Liao YH, Kuo YC. 12-Week Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Respiratory Muscle Strength in Adult Patients with Stable Asthma: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 22;18(6):3267. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063267.

  PMID: 33809922 BACKGROUND

• Hess A, Yu L, Klein I, De Mazancourt M, Jebrak G, Mal H, Brugiere O, Fournier M, Courbage M, Dauriat G, Schouman-Clayes E, Clerici C, Mangin L. Neural mechanisms underlying breathing complexity. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 3;8(10):e75740. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075740. eCollection 2013.

  PMID: 24098396 BACKGROUND

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 4, 2026
• First Posted: March 9, 2026
• Study Start: November 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: March 30, 2026
• Study Completion: March 30, 2026
• Last Updated: March 9, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TH (1)