The Effect of Music Therapy and the 4-7-8 Breathing Exercise

NCT07425847 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Hakime Sln
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 97
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy and 4-7-8 breathing exercises in managing anxiety among nursing students during IV drug administration education. Method: This study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental research model. The study was conducted between March and July 2025 with first-year nursing students studying at the Faculty of Nursing at a university in eastern Turkey. The sample consisted of 97 students (music therapy group: 32, 4-7-8 breathing exercise group: 32, control group: 33), determined using Power analysis. Data were collected using a "Personal Information Form" and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form TX-I), which measures state anxiety levels.

Conditions

Nursing Students

Keywords

Anxiety,; Breathing Exercises,; Music Therapy,; Nursing,; Students

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Effect of State Anxiety

  When nursing students came to the laboratory application, state anxiety inventory were administered. During the laboratory practice (1st Lesson - 40 min.) and 2nd Lesson (40 min.), instrumental Turkish classical music in the Hüseynî mode was played at the same volume through computer speakers. The 4-7-8 breathing exercise was performed once (6 breaths) before the start of the laboratory practice (1st lesson - 40 min) and before the 2nd lesson (40 min). The state anxiety inventory was administered again at the end of the 2nd lesson. State Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form TX-I): The reliability of the original inventory was first examined by Spielberger et al. (1964). The Turkish adaptation and standardization of the scale were conducted by Öner and Le Compte.Higher total scores indicate higher levels of state anxiety.

  3 hours

Study Arms (3)

Music therapy

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Music therapy

4-7-8 breathing exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: breathing exercise

Control group

NO INTERVENTION

Interventions

Music therapy BEHAVIORAL

When nursing students came to the laboratory application, a personal information form and state anxiety inventory were administered. During the laboratory practice (1st Lesson - 40 min.) and 2nd Lesson (40 min.), instrumental Turkish classical music in the Hüseynî mode was played at the same volume through computer speakers. The state anxiety inventory was administered again at the end of the 2nd lesson.

Music therapy

breathing exercise BEHAVIORAL

When nursing students arrived for the laboratory application, the personal information form and state anxiety inventory were administered. Students were given information about the 4-7-8 breathing technique. The 4-7-8 breathing exercise was performed once (6 breaths) before the start of the laboratory practice (1st lesson - 40 min) and before the 2nd lesson (40 min). The State Anxiety Inventory was administered again after the breathing exercises.

4-7-8 breathing exercise

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Students enrolled in the first year of nursing,
• Taking the IV drug administration course for the first time,
• Volunteering to participate in the study were included in the study.

You may not qualify if:

• Students repeating the course, students who graduated from health-related fields,
• Students who did not volunteer to participate in the study were excluded from the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Inonu University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Inonu University

Malatya, 44280, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Kaplan F, Aslan H. The effect of micro-teaching method on psychomotor skills, attitude, self-efficacy and perceived clinical stress of nursing students: Randomised controlled trial. Nurse Educ Pract. 2025 Aug;87:104519. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104519. Epub 2025 Aug 18.

  PMID: 40840078 BACKGROUND

Related Links

• Related Info

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Anxiety Disorders

Interventions

Music Therapy; Breathing Exercises

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Sensory Art Therapies; Complementary Therapies; Therapeutics; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Psychotherapy; Behavioral Disciplines and Activities; Mind-Body Therapies; Exercise Movement Techniques; Physical Therapy Modalities

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Model Details: Randomized controlled trial

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 13, 2026
• First Posted: February 23, 2026
• Study Start: March 15, 2025
• Primary Completion: April 15, 2025
• Study Completion: July 15, 2025
• Last Updated: February 23, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)