NCT07421206

Brief Summary

This split-mouth clinical study aimed to evaluate the early effects of stainless steel crowns cemented with self-adhesive resin cement and high-viscosity glass ionomer cement on clinical periodontal parameters and interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels in gingival crevicular fluid in pediatric patients. The study included 45 systemically healthy children aged 6-10 years. Stainless steel crowns were placed on the mandibular second primary molars (teeth 75 and 85) in each patient; tooth 75 was cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement (G-Cem ONE™, GC, Japan), while tooth 85 was cemented using a high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative material (EQUIA Forte™ HT, GC, Tokyo, Japan). Plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing were recorded before treatment and one week after cementation. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected at the same time points, and IL-10, IL-12, and IL-18 levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. A statistically significant reduction in plaque index values was observed in both cement groups at the one-week follow-up (p\<0.001), whereas no significant differences were found in gingival index or bleeding on probing values (p\>0.05). IL-10 and IL-12 levels did not change significantly in either group, whereas IL-18 levels decreased significantly in the resin cement group and were significantly higher in the glass ionomer cement group postoperatively. These findings suggest that although different cementation materials used for stainless steel crowns yield similar short-term clinical periodontal outcomes, material-related differences may exist in gingival biological responses, particularly with respect to IL-18 levels.

Trial Health

63
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
45

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
0mo left

Started Feb 2026

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress78%
Feb 2026May 2026

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 12, 2026

Completed
4 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 16, 2026

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 19, 2026

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 30, 2026

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 30, 2026

Expected
Last Updated

February 19, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1 month

First QC Date

February 12, 2026

Last Update Submit

February 12, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Stabnless steel crowngingival crevicular fluidinterleukin-10interleukin-12interleukin-18resin cement

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • IL-18

    IL-18 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were measured using ELISA before stainless steel crown cementation and one week after cementation to evaluate early biological periodontal response to different cementation materials.

    Baseline and 1 week post-cementation

  • Change in gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-12 (IL-12)levels

    IL-12 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were measured using ELISA before stainless steel crown cementation and one week after cementation to evaluate early biological periodontal response to different cementation materials.

    Baseline and 1 week post-cementation

  • Change in gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels

    IL-10 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were measured using ELISA before stainless steel crown cementation and one week after cementation to evaluate early biological periodontal response to different cementation materials.

    Baseline and 1 week after cementation

Study Arms (2)

Self-Adhesive Resin Cement Group

EXPERIMENTAL

In this split-mouth clinical study, stainless steel crowns placed on mandibular second primary molars (tooth 75) were cemented using a self-adhesive resin cement (G-Cem ONE™, GC, Japan). Clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing) and gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) were evaluated before treatment and one week after cementation.

Device: High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement

High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

In the contralateral quadrant of the same patients, stainless steel crowns placed on mandibular second primary molars (tooth 85) were cemented using a high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative material (EQUIA Forte™ HT, GC, Tokyo, Japan). Clinical periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels (IL-10, IL-12, IL-18) were assessed before treatment and one week after cementation for comparison with the resin cement group.

Other: Self-Adhesive Resin Cement Group

Interventions

Stainless steel crowns were placed on mandibular second primary molars in systemically healthy children aged 6-10 years using a split-mouth design. After standard tooth preparation and crown adaptation, cementation was performed using two different luting materials. In one quadrant, crowns were cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement (G-Cem ONE™, GC, Japan), which provides chemical adhesion without the need for separate etching or bonding procedures. In the contralateral quadrant, crowns were cemented with a high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative material (EQUIA Forte™ HT, GC, Tokyo, Japan), characterized by fluoride release and conventional acid-base bonding properties. Clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing) and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels (IL-10, IL-12, IL-18) were evaluated before treatment and one week after cementation to assess early biological and clinical periodontal responses to the different cementation material

High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement Group

A high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative material (EQUIA Forte™ HT, GC, Tokyo, Japan) was used for cementation of stainless steel crowns according to standard clinical procedures.

Self-Adhesive Resin Cement Group

Eligibility Criteria

Age6 Years - 10 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17)

You may qualify if:

  • Children aged 6-10 years
  • Systemically healthy pediatric patients
  • Presence of bilateral mandibular second primary molars (teeth 75 and 85) requiring stainless steel crown restoration
  • Absence of clinical signs of active periodontal disease
  • Cooperative behavior sufficient to allow dental treatment and gingival crevicular fluid sampling
  • Written informed consent obtained from parents or legal guardians

You may not qualify if:

  • Presence of systemic diseases or medical conditions affecting periodontal health or immune response
  • Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive medications within the last month
  • Poor oral hygiene or untreated periodontal disease
  • Teeth with pulpal pathology, mobility, or advanced root resorption
  • History of allergy to dental materials used in the study
  • Lack of parental consent or inability to complete follow-up examination

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Afyonkarahisar Health Science University

Afyonkarahisar, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dental CariesGingivitis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Tooth DemineralizationTooth DiseasesStomatognathic DiseasesInfectionsGingival DiseasesPeriodontal DiseasesMouth Diseases

Central Study Contacts

OZGUR DOGAN, Associate Professor

CONTACT

HATICE HATIPOGLU, RESEARCHER

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
NON RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
non
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: This study used a split-mouth design in which each participant received two stainless steel crowns on bilateral mandibular second primary molars. One tooth was cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement, while the contralateral tooth was cemented with a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement. This design allowed intra-individual comparison of periodontal clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels while minimizing inter-individual variability.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Prof.

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 12, 2026

First Posted

February 19, 2026

Study Start

February 16, 2026

Primary Completion

March 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 30, 2026

Last Updated

February 19, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Individual participant data will not be shared due to ethical and privacy considerations, particularly because the study involves pediatric participants. All reported results will be presented in aggregated and anonymized form to ensure participant confidentiality.

Locations