NCT07391943

Brief Summary

Treatment-resistant panic disorder (TRPD) is characterized by persistent panic symptoms despite adequate pharmacological and/or psychotherapeutic treatment. This open-label study is designed to evaluate a self-guided cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol delivered via a mobile application for adults with TRPD. The intervention consists of eight weekly sessions covering psychoeducation, panic cycle interruption, cognitive restructuring, relaxation techniques, assertiveness training, behavioral strategies, and life reorganization. An avatar is incorporated to enhance engagement and simulate therapeutic presence. Participants continue their usual psychiatric follow-up and pharmacological treatment throughout the study. Outcomes are assessed at baseline and after completion of the intervention using validated measures of panic severity, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, coping strategies, quality of life, and affect.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
45

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started Nov 2024

Shorter than P25 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 1, 2024

Completed
7 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 30, 2025

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 30, 2025

Completed
3 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 16, 2025

Completed
6 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 6, 2026

Completed
Last Updated

February 6, 2026

Status Verified

May 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

7 months

First QC Date

August 16, 2025

Last Update Submit

January 29, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Panic disorder;Cognitive behavioral therapy;Mobile application;Digital intervention;Self-guided treatment;Treatment-resistant panic disorder

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) Total Score

    The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. Total scores range from 0 to 63, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety severity. The BAI is administered to all participants at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Unit of Measure: Points on a scale (0-63)

    Baseline (Week 1) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Total Score

    Baseline (Week 1) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

Other Outcomes (5)

  • Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) Total Score

    Baseline (Week 1) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

  • WHOQOL-BREF Physical Health Domain Score

    Baseline (Week 1) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

  • WHOQOL-BREF Social Relationships Domain Score

    Baseline (Week 1) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

  • +2 more other outcomes

Interventions

Eight-session manualized CBT protocol delivered via mobile app, including psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, relaxation, behavioral activation, assertiveness, and life reorganization, with avatar interface to enhance engagement.

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 60 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)
Sampling MethodProbability Sample
Study Population

Patients in the panic and respiratory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

You may qualify if:

  • Age 18-60
  • DSM-5 diagnosis of TRPD confirmed by psychiatrist
  • Ongoing psychiatric follow-up
  • Current pharmacological treatment for PD
  • Ability to use smartphone/app

You may not qualify if:

  • No PD diagnosis
  • Other primary psychiatric disorder
  • Severe cognitive impairment
  • Inability to use the app

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Luisa

Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Location

Related Publications (18)

  • Planert J, Machulska A, Hildebrand AS, Roesmann K, Otto E, Klucken T. Self-guided digital treatment with virtual reality for panic disorder and agoraphobia: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2022 May 21;23(1):426. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06366-x.

  • Pauley D, Cuijpers P, Papola D, Miguel C, Karyotaki E. Two decades of digital interventions for anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment effectiveness. Psychol Med. 2023 Jan;53(2):567-579. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721001999. Epub 2021 May 28.

  • Jung HW, Jang KW, Nam S, Kim A, Lee J, Ahn ME, Lee SK, Kim YJ, Shin JK, Roh D. Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia: A Meta-Analytic Review of Clinical Components to Maximize Efficacy. J Clin Med. 2025 Mar 6;14(5):1771. doi: 10.3390/jcm14051771.

  • Modesto-Lowe V, Adams S, Rossi A. Smartphone Applications: Therapy at Your Fingertips. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024 Aug 20;26(4):24lr03754. doi: 10.4088/PCC.24lr03754. No abstract available.

  • Olthuis JV, Watt MC, Bailey K, Hayden JA, Stewart SH. Therapist-supported Internet cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Mar 12;3(3):CD011565. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011565.pub2.

  • Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Jun;54(6):1063-70. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.54.6.1063.

  • Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893. No abstract available.

  • Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. The WHOQOL Group. Psychol Med. 1998 May;28(3):551-8. doi: 10.1017/s0033291798006667.

  • Kocalevent RD, Zenger M, Hinz A, Klapp B, Brahler E. Resilient coping in the general population: standardization of the brief resilient coping scale (BRCS). Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017 Dec 28;15(1):251. doi: 10.1186/s12955-017-0822-6.

  • Brown KW, Ryan RM. The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Apr;84(4):822-48. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822.

  • Rus-Calafell M, Ehrbar N, Ward T, Edwards C, Huckvale M, Walke J, Garety P, Craig T. Participants' experiences of AVATAR therapy for distressing voices: a thematic qualitative evaluation. BMC Psychiatry. 2022 May 24;22(1):356. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-04010-1.

  • Jang B, Yuh C, Lee H, Shin YB, Lee HJ, Kang EK, Heo J, Cho CH. Exploring User Experience and the Therapeutic Relationship of Short-Term Avatar-Based Psychotherapy: Qualitative Pilot Study. JMIR Hum Factors. 2025 Feb 5;12:e66158. doi: 10.2196/66158.

  • Pagliari C, Burton C, McKinstry B, Szentatotai A, David D, Serrano Blanco A, Ferrini L, Albertini S, Castro JC, Estevez S, Wolters M. Psychosocial implications of avatar use in supporting therapy for depression. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2012;181:329-33.

  • Pelucio L, Quagliato LA, Cardoso A, Horato N, Nardi AE. Could the use of web-based applications assist in neuropsychiatric treatment? An umbrella review. BMC Psychol. 2025 Mar 26;13(1):302. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02263-x.

  • Pelucio L, Quagliato LA, Nardi AE. Therapist-Guided Versus Self-Guided Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: A Systematic Review. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024 Mar 21;26(2):23r03566. doi: 10.4088/PCC.23r03566.

  • Firth J, Torous J, Nicholas J, Carney R, Pratap A, Rosenbaum S, Sarris J. The efficacy of smartphone-based mental health interventions for depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World Psychiatry. 2017 Oct;16(3):287-298. doi: 10.1002/wps.20472.

  • Pasarelu CR, Andersson G, Bergman Nordgren L, Dobrean A. Internet-delivered transdiagnostic and tailored cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cogn Behav Ther. 2017 Jan;46(1):1-28. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2016.1231219. Epub 2016 Oct 7.

  • Bystritsky A. Treatment-resistant anxiety disorders. Mol Psychiatry. 2006 Sep;11(9):805-14. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001852. Epub 2006 Jul 18.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Panic Disorder

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Anxiety DisordersMental Disorders

Study Officials

  • Luisa Pelucio, Dr

    Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE ONLY
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Target Duration
8 Weeks
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Researcher

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 16, 2025

First Posted

February 6, 2026

Study Start

November 1, 2024

Primary Completion

May 30, 2025

Study Completion

May 30, 2025

Last Updated

February 6, 2026

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Study Protocol

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL
Time Frame
For free time
Access Criteria
Just ask for contact information we share.

Locations