The Researchers Would Like to Conduct a Trial Using Gamified Exercise to Increase Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Intention to Quit Smoking Among Hardcore Smokers Who Are Also Physically Inactive.

NCT07390695 | Enrolling By Invitation

• 1 other identifier: KE/FK/1453/EC/2024
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 60
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this quasi-experiment is to learn if a gamified exercise works to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive hardcore smokers. It will also learn about the effects of smoking cessation. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does a gamification of a structured training program improve the cardiorespiratory fitness and smoking cessation behavior among smokers?
• Is there any mediating effect from the level of physical activity between a gamified exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness?
• Will the smokers engage in the gamified exercise within the 12-week intervention? This is a no-control group. The quasi-experiment will be conducted within one group (paired data).

Conditions

Smoking Cessation; Cardiorespiratory Fitness or Endurance

Keywords

exercise; gamification; cardiorespiratory fitness; smoking cessation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Estimated Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2Max) Measured by the Cooper 12-Minute Run Test

  Estimated cardiorespiratory fitness assessed using the Cooper 12-Minute Run Test. Participants are instructed to run or walk as far as possible within 12 minutes. The total distance covered (in meters) is used to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2Max), expressed in milliliters per kilogram per minute (mL/kg/min). Higher VO2Max values indicate better cardiorespiratory fitness.

  Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 13)

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Level of Physical Activity Measured by the World Health Organization Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ)

  Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 13)

• Intention to Quit Smoking Measured by the Intention to Quit Smoking Scale (IQSS)

  Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 13)

Study Arms (1)

Gamification Team

EXPERIMENTAL

A group of 60 physically inactive hardcore smokers participated in this study using a gamified exercise within 12 12-week intervention.

Behavioral: Gamification of a structured exercise program

Interventions

Gamification of a structured exercise program BEHAVIORAL

A structured exercise program with FITT-VP principles is gamified and delivered to 60 physically inactive hardcore smokers.

Gamification Team

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 17 Years - 45 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: This study is only for male participants.
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• hardcore smokers (min 20 cigarettes per day)
• being active smokers at least 1 year
• physically active (MET less than 600 MET minutes per week)

You may not qualify if:

• having any medical conditions that limit them to participation in a program training

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Gadjah Mada University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Universitas Gadjah Mada

Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Smoking Cessation; Motor Activity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Health Behavior; Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Model Details: One group quasi-experiment. Using one group that is involved in the whole stages of research (pre-test, intervention, post-test, and follow-up).

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 4, 2025
• First Posted: February 5, 2026
• Study Start: September 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): September 1, 2026
• Last Updated: February 5, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Locations

ID (1)