Impact of "SI Kumbang" Gymnastic Exercise on Physical Performance and Immunity in the Elderly

NCT07300722 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 24-10-1593
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 66
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate and compare the impact of SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise and Bugar Lansia gymnastic exercise programs on physical performance dan immunity in elderly. It will also learn about the safety of SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• How does cardiorespiratory fitness differ between SI Kumbang and Bugar Lansia exercise?
• How does muscle strength differ between SI Kumbang and Bugar Lansia exercise?
• How does balance differ between SI Kumbang and Bugar Lansia exercise?
• How does physical activity differ between SI Kumbang and Bugar Lansia exercise?
• How do Caspase-1 and IL-18 inflammasomes differ between SI Kumbang and Bugar Lansia exercise? Researchers will compare SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise to a Bugar Lansia gymnastic exercise to see if SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise better than Bugar Lansia gymnastic exercise. Participants will:
• Do SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise or Bugar Lansia gymnastic exercise a within 3 times a week for 3 months.
• Visit the clinic twice for outcome assesment before and after intervention.
• Keep a diary of their symptoms.

Conditions

Healthy

Keywords

physical performance; immunity; SI Kumbang exercise gymnastics; elderly

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Cardiorespiration endurance as Assessed by Six-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD)

  The definition of Six Minute Walking Distance (6MWD) is a 15-meter walking test for 6 minutes which is one of the sub-maximal tests, namely O2 uptake and heart rate are linearly related to VO2max so that fitness can be predicted. During the exercise, respondents are not allowed to run and respondents are allowed to rest during the test. This is an appropriate method because it has been proven to be able to achieve the sub-maximal zone and aerobic zone in a person. The results taken are the distance traveled in meters (Six Minutes Walking Distance).

  From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks.

• Strength muscle as Assessed by handgrip JAMAR

  A Jamar is a handheld dynamometer used to measure the maximal strength of the hand and forearm muscles through an isometric grip test. It assesses the strength of the muscles primarily responsible for closing the fingers and gripping, such as the forearm flexors. The test involves a standardized procedure, and the results are displayed on a dual scale in kilograms and pounds, often with a peak-hold needle to record the highest force achieved.

  From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks.

• Balance as Assessed by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).

  The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is an objective assessment tool used to evaluate the physical function of an older person's lower extremities. It is comprised of three simple tasks: a timed chair stand test, a timed gait speed test, and a standing balance test. The results from these tests are combined into a score from 0 (worst) to 12 (best), which is used to predict various health outcomes such as disability, hospitalization, and mortality.

  From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks

• Physical activity as Assessed by Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE).

  The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) is a brief, self-report questionnaire that assesses the level of physical activity in adults aged 65 and older over a one-week period. It includes questions about frequency and duration of leisure, household, and work-related activities and can be administered through telephone, mail, or in-person interviews. Higher scores indicate a greater amount of physical activity.

  From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks.

• Immunity were inflammasome as Assessed by Caspase-1 and IL-18.

  Caspase-1 is an enzyme that activates the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) by processing them into their mature, active forms. This process is a key part of the body's inflammatory response to infections and stress.

  From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks.

Study Arms (2)

SI Kumbang Gymnastic Exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

Intervention Group received SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise

Other: SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise

Bugar Lansia Gymnastic Exercise

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Controlled Group received Bugar Lansia gymnastic exercise

Other: Bugar Lansia Gymnastic Exercise

Interventions

SI Kumbang gymnastic exercise OTHER

SI Kumbang Gymnastic Exercise with four-way leg movements with hand movements using barbell weights and medium-intensity music.

SI Kumbang Gymnastic Exercise

Bugar Lansia Gymnastic Exercise OTHER

Bugar Lansia Gymnastic Exercise with one-way forward leg movements with hand movements without barbell weights with medium intensity music.

Bugar Lansia Gymnastic Exercise

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years - 70 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Female participants
• Age of 60 to 70 years old.
• Categorized as pre-frail (FI-40 score \> 0.08 \< 0.25) or robust (FI-40 score ≤ 0.08)
• Body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9.
• Diabetes mellitus (controlled glucose ≤ 120 mg/dL)
• Blood pressure (controlled blood tension ≤ 130/80 mmHg) without taking any drugs that affected heart rate.

You may not qualify if:

• Chronic heart or lung disease conditions
• Chronic conditions that cannot be reversed (e.g., cancer or chronic renal disease)
• Diabetes complications in the extremities
• Motor impairment (MMT \< 5)
• Knee pain
• Lower limb deformities (genu varus/valgus)
• Hand deformities

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Umi Sjarqiah: lead
• Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta: collaborator
• Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia

Location

Study Officials

• Umi Sjarqiah, Medical Doctor

  University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Medical Doctor

Model Details: The SI Kumbang gymnastics exercise and Bugar Lansia gymnastics exercise regimens were part of the intervention groups. For 12 weeks in a row, both therapies included three 30-minute sessions, 3 times per week. Participants received adaption sessions to acquaint themselves with the workout regimens throughout the first week. The Borg Scale was utilized to track intensity.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 19, 2025
• First Posted: December 24, 2025
• Study Start: April 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: September 10, 2025
• Study Completion: September 30, 2025
• Last Updated: December 24, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-12

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ID (1)