Waiting on Atrial Fibrillation Intervention Therapy (WAIT) Study

NCT07275697 | Not Yet Recruiting Phase 4 DMC

• 2 other identifiers: WAIT2025-524182-25-00
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 200
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder and is associated with symptoms, reduced quality of life, heart failure, stroke, and a high risk of recurrence after catheter ablation. Many patients scheduled for their first ablation are overweight or have obesity, which is one of the strongest predictors of AF recurrence. Weight loss and risk-factor management are known to improve the outcome of ablation, but lifestyle changes are often difficult to achieve in routine care. Semaglutide (Wegovy®) is a GLP-1 receptor agonist approved in the EU for weight management. It has been shown to produce substantial and sustained weight loss and to improve metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Whether treatment with semaglutide before AF ablation can improve long-term rhythm outcomes has never been tested in a randomized clinical trial. The WAIT-AF study is a randomized, open-label trial with blinded endpoint assessment. The study includes adults with AF who are scheduled for their first catheter ablation and have a BMI ≥30 kg/m², or ≥27 kg/m² with at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor (such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia). A total of 200 participants will be enrolled. Participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either standard care or semaglutide (plus lifestyle advice) prior to their scheduled ablation. Semaglutide is administered according to the approved EU label with gradual dose escalation. All participants receive an implantable loop recorder (ILR) before ablation to continuously monitor heart rhythm throughout the study. The primary objective is to determine whether semaglutide improves arrhythmia-free survival 12 months after AF ablation. Recurrence is defined as AF, atrial flutter, or atrial tachycardia lasting ≥30 seconds on continuous ILR monitoring, excluding the standard 3-month blanking period. Secondary outcomes include weight loss, changes in blood pressure, AF symptoms, quality of life, AF burden, need for repeat ablation, hospitalizations for cardiovascular causes, and changes in metabolic risk factors. The study also evaluates safety and tolerability of semaglutide in this patient population. The study aims to determine whether targeted weight management with semaglutide before AF ablation can improve long-term rhythm outcomes and overall cardiovascular health. If successful, this strategy may offer a new approach to optimizing treatment and improving the results of catheter ablation for patients with AF and overweight or obesity

Conditions

Atrial Fibrillation (AF); Obesity & Overweight

Keywords

Semaglutide; Implantable Loop Recorder; Ablation; Pulmonary Vein Isolation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Arrhythmia-free survival at 12 months after catheter ablation, excluding the 3-month blanking period, with recurrence defined as any ILR-detected AF, atrial flutter, or atrial tachycardia ≥30 seconds.

  Arrhythmia-free survival at 12 months after catheter ablation, excluding the 3-month blanking period, with recurrence defined as any ILR-detected AF, atrial flutter, or atrial tachycardia ≥30 seconds.

  12 months post-ablation

Secondary Outcomes (19)

• AF burden

  At ablation and at 12 months post-ablation.

• Per protocol analysis of the primary outcome

  12 months post-ablation

• Time to first arrhythmia recurrence after the blanking period

  From month 3 to month 12 post-ablation.

• Number of repeat ablations required to achieve sinus rhythm

  From index ablation to 12 months post-ablation.

• Freedom from symptomatic AF without redo ablation

  From index ablation to 12 months post-ablation.

Other Outcomes (1)

• Artificial-intelligence based prediction of arrhythmia recurrence from 12-lead ECG

  ECGs recorded as part of routine care at baseline, at ablation, and during follow-up up to 12 months post-ablation

Study Arms (2)

Randomized to Semaglutide

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants randomized to the active arm receive once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide (Wegovy®) initiated at 0.25 mg and uptitrated to a target dose of 2.4 mg as tolerated, according to the approved SmPC. Treatment begins ≥3 months before the planned first catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Participants receive structured lifestyle and weight-management advice in accordance with routine clinical practice.

Drug: Semaglutide 2.4 mg; Behavioral: Standard medical treatment

Standard of care

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants randomized to the standard-of-care arm receive routine clinical management for atrial fibrillation and weight-related comorbidities without GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Usual care may include lifestyle counselling, blood pressure and lipid management, treatment of dysglycaemia, and guideline-directed preparation for first-time catheter ablation. No trial-specific medicinal product is administered. Pa

Behavioral: Standard medical treatment

Interventions

Semaglutide 2.4 mg DRUG

The intervention consists of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide (Wegovy®), initiated at 0.25 mg and uptitrated to a target dose of 2.4 mg as tolerated, administered for at least three months prior to the participant's first planned atrial fibrillation ablation. Semaglutide is provided in pre-filled pens and used according to the approved SmPC for weight management. This intervention is uniquely characterized by pharmacological weight-loss therapy added on top of standard-of-care management, distinguishing it from the control arm, which receives identical clinical follow-up and lifestyle counselling but no GLP-1 receptor agonist. This allows evaluation of whether targeted metabolic therapy before ablation improves arrhythmia-related outcomes.

Also known as: Standard of care

Randomized to Semaglutide

Standard medical treatment BEHAVIORAL

Participants randomized to the standard-of-care arm receive routine clinical management for atrial fibrillation and weight-related comorbidities without GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Usual care may include lifestyle counselling, blood pressure and lipid management, treatment of dysglycaemia, and guideline-directed preparation for first-time catheter ablation. No trial-specific medicinal product is administered.

Randomized to Semaglutide; Standard of care

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• To be included in the trial, subjects must meet all of the following criteria:
• Provision of written informed consent prior to participation.
• Age ≥18 years.
• Scheduled for first-time catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation using a pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) technique.
• Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² (obesity) OR
• BMI ≥27 kg/m² (overweight) with one or more of the following comorbidities:
• prediabetes (defined as HbA1c 39-47 mmol/mol or fasting glucose 5,6-6,9 mmol/L),
• known diabetes type 2
• known hypertension (prior diagnosis and/or treatment with antihypertensive medication)
• new diagnosis of hypertension (according to ESC GL for hypertension: Systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg based on two readings on two separate visits, OR Ambulatory BP monitoring (24h average) ≥ 130/80 mmHg)
• dyslipidemia defined as either one of the following
• Known diagnosis of hyperlipidemia or
• Treatment with lipid lowering medication
• OR either of the following:
• LDL \> 3.0 mmol/l

You may not qualify if:

• Morbid obesity (BMI \>40 kg/m²).
• Current use of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy or dual agonist therapy within 6 months before screening.
• Current use of DPP-IV inhibitors.
• Diabetes type 1
• Known intolerance or contraindication to semaglutide.
• History of pancreatitis or recurrent hypoglycemia.
• Uncontrolled diabetic retinopathy
• Severe renal failure (estimated glomerular filtration rate \[eGFR\] \<15 mL/min/1.73 m² or in dialysis)
• Severe hepatic failure (decompensated liver disease Child-Pugh class C)
• Severe cardiac failure (NYHA class IV)
• Life expectancy \<12 months.
• Inability to self-administer the investigational medicinal product.
• Prior catheter ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation.
• Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or planned pregnancy during or within two months after the study period.
• Participation in another interventional clinical trial within the past 30 days.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Emma Svennberg: lead
• Karolinska Institutet: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Karolinska University Hospital

Stockholm, 141 86, Sweden

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Atrial Fibrillation; Obesity; Overweight

Interventions

semaglutide; Standard of Care

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Quality Indicators, Health Care; Quality of Health Care; Health Services Administration; Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation

Study Officials

• Emma Svennberg, MD PhD

  Karolinska Institutet

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Emma Svennberg, MD PhD

CONTACT

+46739584822; emma.svennberg@regionstockholm.se

Ewa Molaei, RN

CONTACT

+46812381692; ewa.molaei@regionstockholm.se

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: phase 4
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate professor, Consultant

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 28, 2025
• First Posted: December 10, 2025
• Study Start: December 15, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 30, 2028
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 30, 2028
• Last Updated: December 10, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

SE (1)