Traditional Exercise RCT in Visually Impaired Adults

NCT07265024 | Enrolling By Invitation

• 1 other identifier: CCEE2026
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 90
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to investigate the benefits and underlying mechanisms of traditional exercise interventions on the physical and mental health of individuals with visual impairments. A randomized controlled trial design will be employed, enrolling 90 visually impaired participants who will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a Tai Chi intervention group, a Baduanjin intervention group, or a control group. The Tai Chi group will undergo a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program, while the Baduanjin group will receive standardized Baduanjin training. The control group will participate in regular school physical education classes. Eligible participants are university students with visual impairments, defined as having visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.

Conditions

Visual Impairments

Keywords

visual impairments; traditional exercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (10)

• Single-Leg Stance Test

  Assessment of static balance ability by measuring the duration participants can maintain a single-leg stance before and after the intervention.

  Month 3

• Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) Test

  Evaluation of dynamic balance and functional mobility using the timed up-and-go test, recorded at baseline and post-intervention.

  Month 3

• Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

  Measurement of overall balance performance using the 14-item Berg Balance Scale, administered before and after the intervention.

  Month 3

• Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)

  Assessment of cardiorespiratory endurance using the six-minute walk test at baseline and following the intervention.

  Month 3

• Handgrip Strength Test

  Evaluation of upper-limb muscular strength using a calibrated handgrip dynamometer, performed before and after the intervention.

  Month 3

• Flexibility Test

  Measurement of lower-body flexibility using a standardized sit-and-reach test conducted at baseline and post-intervention.

  Month 3

• Self-Rated Depression Scale (SDS)

  Assessment of depressive symptoms using the Self-Rated Depression Scale before and after the intervention.

  Month 3

• Self-Rated Anxiety Scale (SAS)

  Evaluation of anxiety symptoms using the Self-Rated Anxiety Scale administered at baseline and post-intervention.

  Month 3

• General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)

  Measurement of perceived self-efficacy using the General Self-Efficacy Scale at baseline and after the intervention.

  Month 3

• WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)

  Assessment of overall quality of life across physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, conducted before and after the intervention.

  Month 3

Study Arms (3)

Taichi

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Baduanjin

Baduanjin

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: Taichi

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

Interventions

Taichi BEHAVIORAL

Participants in the Tai Chi group will receive a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program. The intervention will consist of supervised sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting approximately 60 minutes. Sessions will include a standardized warm-up, instruction and practice of the 21-form Tai Chi routine, and a brief cool-down period. All training will be delivered by certified Tai Chi instructors experienced in working with individuals with visual impairments. Attendance and adherence will be monitored throughout the intervention period.

Baduanjin

Baduanjin BEHAVIORAL

Participants in the Baduanjin group will undergo a 12-week standardized Baduanjin training program. The intervention will be delivered three times per week, with each supervised session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Training sessions will include a structured warm-up, guided practice of the standardized Baduanjin routine, and a brief cool-down period. All sessions will be led by qualified instructors with experience working with visually impaired individuals. Participant attendance and adherence will be recorded throughout the intervention period.

Taichi

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• University students with visual impairment, defined as visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.
• Able to ambulate independently without assistance.
• No severe cardiovascular diseases.

You may not qualify if:

• Presence of severe physical illnesses or comorbid conditions that may affect participation.
• History of psychiatric disorders.
• Participation in other structured exercise training programs within the past three months.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Northeast Normal University: lead
• Changchun University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Faculty of Sports Science

Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Vision Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Sensation Disorders; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Eye Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Prof

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 20, 2025
• First Posted: December 4, 2025
• Study Start: November 20, 2025
• Primary Completion: January 24, 2026
• Study Completion: February 1, 2026
• Last Updated: December 4, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-12

Locations

CN (1)