The Effect of a Transtheoretical Model-Based Educational Intervention on First-Year Nursing Students' HPV Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Vaccination Behavior Intentions

NCT07248904 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: TTM-HPV-001
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 88
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 2

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a structured educational program based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) on HPV knowledge, health beliefs, and vaccination behavioral intentions among first-year nursing students. The study will also evaluate how the intervention affects students' HPV vaccine readiness compared to the TTM. The primary questions addressed by the study are:

• Does the TTM-based educational intervention increase students' knowledge about HPV and the HPV vaccine?
• Does the program change students' health beliefs regarding susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers to HPV and the HPV vaccine?
• Does the program improve students' intentions and readiness to receive the HPV vaccine?
• Do students move to a higher behavioral readiness stage (from Precontemplation to Contemplation, Preparation, Action, or Maintenance) after the intervention? The researcher will compare the TTM-based educational intervention with a control group that did not receive structured education to determine whether a personalized, stage-based approach is more effective in improving HPV-related outcomes among nursing students. Participants will:
• Complete baseline questionnaires measuring HPV knowledge, health beliefs, and vaccination intention.
• The experimental group (intervention group) will receive personalized TTM-based education, face-to-face instruction in modules aligned with the five TTM phases (Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance).
• The experimental group will participate in educational sessions designed to raise awareness, correct misinformation, support decision-making, and encourage protective behaviors.
• The control group will not receive any educational program.
• All participants in the experimental and control groups will complete the same questionnaires again to assess changes after the intervention. The TTM-based educational intervention provides:
• Staged counseling
• Information about HPV and the HPV vaccine
• Activities to raise awareness, strengthen motivation, and support vaccination adoption
• Personalized feedback based on student readiness
• Structured modules focusing on knowledge, belief, and behavior change strategies The study population included first-year nursing students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 88 participants will be recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention (n=44) or control (n=44) groups through simple randomization. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of evidence-based education strategies in nursing, support of behavioral change models in health education, and strengthen the role of future nurses in HPV prevention, vaccine advocacy, and public health practice.

Conditions

Papillomavirus Vaccines; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Students, Nursing; Health Behavior; Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Vaccination Behavior Intention Scale

  Behavioral intention to receive the HPV vaccine will be assessed using the HPV Vaccination Intention Scale, a 6-item instrument developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The scale evaluates participants' intention to receive the HPV vaccine, with higher scores indicating stronger intention to be vaccinated. The secondary outcome is the change in intention score from baseline to post-intervention.

  Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention (5 sessions delivered every 2 weeks)

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• HPV Knowledge Scale

  Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention (5 sessions delivered every 2 weeks)

• Health Belief Model Scale regarding HPV and vaccination

  Baseline and after completion of the 10-week intervention (5 sessions delivered every 2 weeks)

Study Arms (2)

Intervention Group

EXPERIMENTAL

TTM-based structured educational program tailored to the participant's stage of readiness for HPV vaccination

Behavioral: TTM-Based Educational Program

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

No structured education; participants receive no TTM-based training during the study period.

Interventions

TTM-Based Educational Program BEHAVIORAL

A structured, stage-matched educational intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model, delivered face-to-face in five modules aligned with Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance stage

Intervention Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• First-year students enrolled in the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences
• Provide written informed consent to participate
• Agree to attend all educational sessions and data collection appointments during the study period
• Have sufficient Turkish literacy to read and understand study materials
• Have not previously received any comprehensive education about HPV infection or HPV vaccination

You may not qualify if:

• Students who do not agree to participate in the study
• Students who do not provide written informed consent

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Cukurova University: lead

Study Sites (2)

Faculty of Health Sciences

Adana, CUKUROVA, Turkey (Türkiye)

NOT YET RECRUITING

Cukurova University

Adana, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Behavior; Health Behavior

Central Study Contacts

MÜJDE KERKEZ, Asist. Prof. Dr

CONTACT

+905059718697; mujjde_@hotmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Asist. Prof. Dr.

Model Details: This study uses a parallel-group randomized controlled design. Participants are first-year nursing students who will be randomly assigned, using simple randomization, to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive a Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based structured educational program tailored to the participant's stage of readiness for HPV vaccination. The control group will receive no structured education during the study period. Both groups will complete baseline and post-intervention assessments measuring HPV knowledge, health beliefs, and vaccination intention. The model allows comparison of outcomes between groups to evaluate the effectiveness of the stage-based educational intervention.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2025
• First Posted: November 25, 2025
• Study Start: January 16, 2026
• Primary Completion: March 30, 2026
• Study Completion: April 30, 2026
• Last Updated: March 27, 2026

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (2)