Isometric Versus Isotonic Trunk Muscle Strength Training on Lung Function in Heavy Smokers

NCT07241624 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: IRB # 31/7/2024-2025
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 90
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Smoking is a major public health concern, significantly affecting lung function and overall respiratory health. Heavy smoking leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and a decline in lung capacity. Exercise interventions, particularly those targeting the trunk muscles; have demonstrated potential in improving respiratory function. Trunk muscle strength is essential for optimal breathing mechanics, as these muscles support the chest wall and aid in the expansion and contraction of the lungs. There are two primary types of muscle strength training: isometric and isotonic. Isometric exercises involve static contractions where the muscle length does not change, while isotonic exercises involve dynamic movements with muscle lengthening and shortening. Each type of training offers unique benefits and impacts on muscle strength and endurance. This proposal aims to compare the effects of isometric versus isotonic trunk muscle strength training on lung function among heavy smokers, providing insights into their relative efficacy in improving respiratory health. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the therapeutic effectiveness of Isometric versus Isotonic Trunk Muscle Strength Training on Lung Function in Heavy Smokers.

Conditions

Smokers

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) Moreover, smoking contributes to systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which can compromise muscle health. Chronic inflammation can lead to muscle wasting and weaken the structural integrity of

  Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) is a crucial measure of lung function that quantifies the volume of air a person can forcefully exhale in one second after a deep breath. It is used to assess the presence and severity of respiratory conditions

  at baseline after 8 weeks

• Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

  Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) is the maximum amount of air a person can forcibly exhale from the lungs after taking the deepest breath possible.

  at base line after 8 weeks

• Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)

  Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) is the maximum speed at which a person can exhale, providing a measure of airway obstruction in conditions like asthma. It's assessed using a peak flow meter to monitor respiratory health and guide treatment decisions.

  at baseline and after 8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Trunk muscle strength

  At baseline after 8 weeks

Study Arms (3)

Isometric Trunk Muscle Strength

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will perform a series of isometric trunk exercises, such as planks and static bridges, three times a week

Other: Isometric trunk exercises

Isotonic Trunk Muscle Strength

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will engage in isotonic exercises, such as sit-ups and Russian twists, also three times a week.

Other: Isotonic trunk exercises

Control

NO INTERVENTION

no intervention

Interventions

Isometric trunk exercises OTHER

isometric trunk exercises, such as planks and static bridges, three times a week.

Isometric Trunk Muscle Strength

Isotonic trunk exercises OTHER

isotonic exercises, such as sit-ups and Russian twists, also three times a week.

Isotonic Trunk Muscle Strength

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 45 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Individuals aged 20-45 years
• Self-reported heavy smokers (defined as smoking ≥20 cigarettes per day
• No participation in structured exercise programs in the past 6 months
• Capable of performing physical exercises

You may not qualify if:

• Diagnosed respiratory conditions other than smoking-related diseases (e.g., asthma)
• Cardiovascular diseases prohibiting physical exercise
• Recent surgeries or injuries affecting the trunk muscles
• Pregnant women

Sponsors & Collaborators

• MTI University: lead

Study Sites (1)

faculty of physical therapy ,Cairo University

Cairo, 11311, Egypt

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Prof

Model Details: Single Blind ,RCT

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 14, 2025
• First Posted: November 21, 2025
• Study Start: October 15, 2025
• Primary Completion: January 15, 2026
• Study Completion: January 16, 2026
• Last Updated: January 23, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Locations

EG (1)