NCT07121582

Brief Summary

The goal of this research study is to examine communication between brain and muscle in individuals with stroke and determine if applying non-invasive brain stimulation to different parts of the brain improves this communication and performance on a hand squeezing task. The investigators will fit participants with an electroencephalography (EEG) cap and place electromyography (EMG) stickers on participants hand and arm muscles to record brain and muscle activity, respectively. Participants will complete a single research visit lasting approximately 3 hours. During this visit, participants will receive two different types of non-invasive brain stimulation: \[1\] stimulation to the motor part of the brain and \[2\] stimulation to the visual part of the brain. Participants will be randomized so that half will receive stimulation to the motor part of the brain first followed by stimulation to the visual part of the brain second and vice versa. Participants will complete three blocks of hand squeezing trials using the stroke-affected (weak) hand. During the first block of squeezing trials, no brain stimulation will occur. During the second and third blocks, participants will receive stimulation just before each hand squeezing trial. The investigators will record participants' brain and muscle activity during these blocks of hand squeezing trials. Additionally, participants will also complete screening tests and exams looking at mood, motor function, and cognition.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
20

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable stroke

Timeline
7mo left

Started Dec 2025

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress44%
Dec 2025Jan 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 6, 2025

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 13, 2025

Completed
4 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 1, 2025

Completed
1.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 1, 2027

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 1, 2027

Last Updated

April 27, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.1 years

First QC Date

August 6, 2025

Last Update Submit

April 23, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

strokeneurostimulationbrainmotorhandelectroencephalography

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • Corticomuscular Coherence Change

    Investigators will compute pre/post changes in brain-muscle functional connectivity (i.e., corticomuscular coherence, CMC) following across each block (20 trials/block). Specifically, investigators are focused on CMC in the beta (13-30 Hz) frequency range between the ipsilesional motor cortex (M1) and the affected first dorsal interossei muscle. Investigators will calculate CMC at two distinct phases during the squeezing task that correspond to the ramp/recruitment phase (i.e., squeezing to the target) and the hold/sustain phase (when participant's reach the target and sustain their grip).

    Immediately (within 5 minutes) before and after (within 5 minutes) each stimulation block.

  • Grip Precision

    The variance of participants' force output from a visual target

    Immediately (within 5 minutes) before and after (within 5 minutes) each stimulation block.

  • Reaction Time

    The time delay between the grip signal onset (visual cue provided to participants) and the realized force.

    Immediately (within 5 minutes) before and after (within 5 minutes) each stimulation block.

Study Arms (2)

Motor then Visual Brain Stimulation

EXPERIMENTAL

Following the first block of 20 grip/squeeze trials completed without brain stimulation, participants will complete a second and third set of blocks where non-invasive brain stimulation just before each grip trial will occur. Participants randomized to the "motor then visual brain stimulation" arm will receive stimulation to the motor part of their brain first followed by non-invasive brain stimulation to the visual (occipital) part of the brain. A 10-15 min participant break will separate the delivery of motor and visual brain stimulation (i.e., second and third blocks).

Other: Motor Brain StimulationOther: Visual Brain Stimulation

Visual then Motor Brain Stimulation

EXPERIMENTAL

Following the first block of 20 grip/squeeze trials completed without brain stimulation, participants will complete a second and third set of blocks where non-invasive brain stimulation just before each grip trial will occur. Participants randomized to the "visual then motor brain stimulation" arm will receive stimulation to the visual part of their brain first followed by non-invasive brain stimulation to the motor part of the brain. A 10-15 min participant break will separate the delivery of visual and motor brain stimulation (i.e., second and third blocks).

Other: Motor Brain StimulationOther: Visual Brain Stimulation

Interventions

For each grip trial (20 grip trials per block), participants will receive visual cues that signify the onset and offset of squeezing. Just prior to the start of the visual cue representing the onset of squeezing, participants will receive a burst of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to their primary motor hotspot region. Motor brain stimulation will involve 3 bursts of 5 pulses/burst with a 20 Hz inter-pulse interval delivered at 90% of their resting or active motor threshold.

Motor then Visual Brain StimulationVisual then Motor Brain Stimulation

For each grip trial (20 grip trials per block), participants will receive visual cues that signify the onset and offset of squeezing. Just prior to the start of the visual cue representing the onset of squeezing, participants will receive a burst of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to their ipsilesional occipital cortex region. Visual brain stimulation will involve 3 burst of 5 pulses/burst with a 20 Hz inter-pulse interval delivered at 90% of their resting or active motor threshold.

Also known as: Active Control Site, Decoy Site
Motor then Visual Brain StimulationVisual then Motor Brain Stimulation

Eligibility Criteria

Age45 Years - 80 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Chronic (≥ 6 months) unilateral cortical/subcortical ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke as confirmed by medical records
  • Upper extremity weakness (hemiparesis) contralateral to the stroke
  • Sufficient cognitive capacity (Montreal Cognitive Assessment ≥ 21 points), communication function, and English proficiency to understand and safely comply with all study procedures
  • Ipsilesional motor-evoked potential response
  • Able to perform isometric grip task by making a fist with their stroke-affected hand (hand contralateral to the stroke)

You may not qualify if:

  • Contraindications to TMS (seizure activity within past 2 years, pregnancy, indwelling metal)
  • Cognitive deficits (Montreal Cognitive Assessment \< 21 points)
  • Concurrent physical/occupational therapy and/or clinical trial participation related to stroke
  • Injury or conditions that impact affected extremity-use beyond stroke (e.g., arthritis)
  • Impaired vision despite use of aid (e.g. glasses, contacts, etc.)
  • Cerebellar stroke
  • Major medical/neurological/psychiatric condition impacting physical function in the opinion of the physician co-investigator
  • Absent ipsilesional motor-evoked potential response

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Bondurant Hall

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, United States

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Stroke

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Cerebrovascular DisordersBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesVascular DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases

Study Officials

  • Jessica M Cassidy, DPT, PT, PhD

    University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Jessica M Cassidy, DPT, PT, PhD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
CROSSOVER
Model Details: This is a randomized, two-sequence (AB I BA), two-treatment crossover study design.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 6, 2025

First Posted

August 13, 2025

Study Start

December 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2027

Last Updated

April 27, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Deidentified individual data that support the results will be shared. Data will include: Corticomuscular Coherence Measures, Behavioral Tests/Measures, motor-evoked potential data.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
Time Frame
Data will be shared no later than 6 months after publication submission with no end date.
Access Criteria
Approved Institutional Review Board (IRB), Independent Ethics Committee (IEC), or Research Ethics Board (REB), as applicable, and executes a data use/sharing agreement with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)'s Data and Specimen Hub (DASH).
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