Effect of Core Muscle Endurance on Punch Speed and Force in Boxers

NCT07101276 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 020-4522
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 15
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This cross-sectional within-subject design study aimed to investigate the contribution of core muscles to punch speed and power among highly trained licensed boxers from a national team in North Cyprus.

Conditions

Sports Physical Therapy

Keywords

Core Muscle; Endurance; Punch speed; Boxer; Performance

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Endurance of trunk flexor muscles

  The athlete will be positioned on a flat surface. The tester will stabilise the feet while the hip and knee joints are placed at 90 degrees of flexion. The upper extremities will be crossed over the shoulders, bringing the trunk into approximately 60-degree flexion.

  1 hour

• Endurance of trunk extensor muscles

  Subjects will lie prone with the lower body fixed to the test bed at the ankles, knees, and hips, and the upper body extended in a cantilevered fashion over the edge of the test bed. At the beginning of the exertion, the upper limbs will be held across the chest with the hands resting on the opposite shoulders, and the upper body will be lifted until the thoracic region is horizontal to the floor.

  1 hour

• Endurance of Lateral Trunk (Oblique) Muscles

  Subjects will lie on an exercise mat on their sides with legs extended. The top foot will be placed in front of the lower foot on the mat for support. Subjects will be instructed to support themselves by lifting their hips off the mat to maintain a straight line over their whole body length, and support themselves on one elbow and their feet. The uninvolved arm will be held across the chest with the hand placed on the opposite shoulder.

  1 hour

• Evaluation of Punch Speed and Power

  The rear direct punch type will be selected for the test. Punch speed and power will be tested using the Corner Accelerometer (Corner Wearables Ltd / UK), which has been found suitable for tracking punches. The devices will be fixed to both wrists of the boxers with Velcro and paired with the Corner mobile app via Bluetooth. Subjects will perform three rounds of shadow boxing using standard boxing gloves, with five minutes of rest between rounds for warm-up and device checking. Finally, the athletes will be asked to throw a total of five rear direct punches to the boxing bag using their dominant side, and the device will record the parameters of each punch separately and simultaneously, including speed in meters per second (m/sec) and power in gravitational force units (G-force). Of the five punches thrown, the fastest and most powerful will be selected for analysis.

  1 hour

Study Arms (1)

Licensed Boxers

Highly trained licensed boxers from a national team in North Cyprus

Other: No intervention

Interventions

No intervention OTHER

No intervention will be performed in this study.

Licensed Boxers

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Licensed boxers from a national team in North Cyprus

You may qualify if:

• Licensed boxers aged 18-35 years
• Free of injuries
• No history of surgery, visual, or vestibular disorders

You may not qualify if:

• Presence of any injury
• History of surgery, visual, or vestibular disorders
• Outside the age range of 18-35 years
• Not holding a valid boxing license

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Cyprus International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Cyprus International University

Mersin, Lefkosa, 99040, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Dunn EC, Humberstone CE, Franchini E, Iredale KF, Blazevich AJ. Relationships Between Punch Impact Force and Upper- and Lower-Body Muscular Strength and Power in Highly Trained Amateur Boxers. J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Apr 1;36(4):1019-1025. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003585.

  PMID: 32218063 BACKGROUND

• Rodriguez-Perea A, Reyes-Ferrada W, Jerez-Mayorga D, Chirosa Rios L, Van den Tillar R, Chirosa Rios I, Martinez-Garcia D. Core training and performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Biol Sport. 2023 Oct;40(4):975-992. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.123319. Epub 2023 Feb 3.

  PMID: 37867742 BACKGROUND

• Shinkle J, Nesser TW, Demchak TJ, McMannus DM. Effect of core strength on the measure of power in the extremities. J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Feb;26(2):373-80. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822600e5.

  PMID: 22228111 BACKGROUND

• Akuthota V, Nadler SF. Core strengthening. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Mar;85(3 Suppl 1):S86-92. doi: 10.1053/j.apmr.2003.12.005.

  PMID: 15034861 BACKGROUND

• Beattie K, Ruddock AD. The Role of Strength on Punch Impact Force in Boxing. J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Oct 1;36(10):2957-2969. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004252. Epub 2022 Jul 8.

  PMID: 35836314 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Salih Angın, Prof. Dr.

  Cyprus International University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: OTHER
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Asst. Prof. Dr.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 28, 2025
• First Posted: August 3, 2025
• Study Start: June 10, 2021
• Primary Completion: October 14, 2021
• Study Completion: February 12, 2022
• Last Updated: August 3, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-07

Locations

TU (1)