Comparative Effects of Spencer Muscle Energy Technique Versus Post Facilitation Stretch Among Fast Bowlers

NCT07062926 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: REC/RCR&AHS/24/0447
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 32
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study compares the effectiveness of Spencer Muscle Energy Technique and Post Facilitation Stretch in reducing shoulder pain in 32 fast bowlers aged 18-35. Participants will receive treatment three times a week for four weeks. Pain, shoulder mobility, and functional ability will be measured before and after the intervention to identify the more effective technique

Conditions

Sports Physical Therapy

Keywords

spencer technique, post facilitation stretch, shoulder pain.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Visual Analogue Scale

  Pain intensity was measured using a 10-cm VAS, where 0 indicates "no pain" and 10 indicates "worst imaginable pain." Scores were recorded at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention.

  4 Weeks

• Range of Motion

  Active shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation were assessed using a digital inclinometer. Each movement was measured three times and averaged. Assessments were conducted at baseline and after the intervention period.

  4 Weeks

• Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Quick-DASH) Score

  A validated questionnaire used to assess functional disability of the upper limb. It consists of 11 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Final scores range from 0 (no disability) to 100 (most severe disability). It was recorded pre- and post-intervention.

  4 Weeks

Study Arms (2)

Spencer Muscle Energy Technique

EXPERIMENTAL

16 participants will undergo spencer muscle energy technique three times a week over a four-week period.Various movement patterns will performed, and the treatment duration will be 30 minutes.

Other: Spencer Muscle Energy Technique

Post Facilitation Stretch

EXPERIMENTAL

16 participants will undergo Post facilitation stretching process was repeated 5 times with 10 second interval between each stretch. The whole treatment session was around 20 minute.

Other: Post Facilitation Stretch

Interventions

Spencer Muscle Energy Technique OTHER

Spencer muscle energy technique participants will receive a hot pack for 7-10 minutes followed by their respective treatments, three times a week for four weeks. Group A will undergo Spencer Muscle Energy Technique for 30 minutes

Also known as: Assigned

Spencer Muscle Energy Technique

Post Facilitation Stretch OTHER

Post facilitation stretch participants will receive a hot pack for 7-10 minutes followed by their respective treatments, three times a week for four weeks.post facilitation stretching process was repeated 5 times with 10 second interval between each stretch.

Also known as: Assigned

Post Facilitation Stretch

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Fast bowlers
• Both male and female.
• aged 18-35 years.
• Stiff painful shoulder joint for at least 3 months.
• Willingness to participate in the study and provide informed consent.

You may not qualify if:

• ● Rotator cuff tears.
• Rheumatoid and gouty arthritis.
• Tumors of the shoulder region.
• Reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the shoulder.
• Thoracic outlet syndrome, peripheral nerve injuries, shoulder girdle fractures, dislocations.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Pakistan Sports Board

Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000, Pakistan

Location

Related Publications (6)

• Ghisi D, Boschetto G, Spinelli AM, Giannone S, Frugiuele J, Ciccarello M, Bonarelli S. Spinal anaesthesia with Chloroprocaine HCl 1% for elective lower limb procedures of short duration: a prospective, randomised, observer-blind study in adult patients. BMC Anesthesiol. 2021 Feb 20;21(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12871-021-01279-9.

  PMID: 33610175 BACKGROUND

• Kawabata Y, Ikegami H. Genetics of fulminant type 1 diabetes. Diabetol Int. 2020 Sep 21;11(4):315-322. doi: 10.1007/s13340-020-00468-0. eCollection 2020 Oct.

  PMID: 33088637 BACKGROUND

• Su PY, Su WW, Hsu YC, Wang SY, Chiu PF, Yen HH. Micro-Elimination of Hepatitis C among Patients with Kidney Disease by Using Electronic Reminder System-A Hospital-Based Experience. J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 14;11(2):423. doi: 10.3390/jcm11020423.

  PMID: 35054120 BACKGROUND

• Chia M. PRIDE for PLAY: Personal Responsibility in Daily Effort for Participation in Lifelong Activity for Youths. A Singaporean Context. J Sports Sci Med. 2007 Sep 1;6(3):374-9.

  PMID: 24149424 BACKGROUND

• Phansopkar P, Qureshi MI. Impact of Spencer Technique on Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability in Patients With Frozen Shoulder: A Pilot Study. Cureus. 2024 Jan 30;16(1):e53263. doi: 10.7759/cureus.53263. eCollection 2024 Jan.

  PMID: 38435910 BACKGROUND

• Iqbal M, Riaz H, Ghous M, Masood K. Comparison of Spencer muscle energy technique and Passive stretching in adhesive capsulitis: A single blind randomized control trial. J Pak Med Assoc. 2020 Dec;70(12(A)):2113-2118. doi: 10.5455/JPMA.23971.

  PMID: 33475581 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Shoulder Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Arthralgia; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Syeda Tehreem Fatima, DPT

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Muhammad Atif Javed, PP-DPT

CONTACT

03317491071; atif.javed@riphah.edu.pk

Syeda Tehreem Fatima, DPT

CONTACT

03311430000; temi.shah14@gmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Masking Details: The participants are blind
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Randomized control design

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 3, 2025
• First Posted: July 14, 2025
• Study Start: July 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 20, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 25, 2026
• Last Updated: July 14, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)