Spiritual Music Therapy for Individuals on Probation

NCT07002957 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Spiritual Music Therapy
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 91
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of spiritual music therapy application on the state and trait anxiety, self-esteem and depression levels of individuals on probation and to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual music therapy application. The basic questions of the study are as follows; What did the spiritual music therapy application make you feel? Did it have an effect on state and trait anxiety, self-esteem and depression? The intervention group received 6 weeks of spiritual music therapy by the researcher. Data were collected before and after the intervention. The effect of the intervention was evaluated with open-ended questions. The control group was not treated.

Conditions

Music Therapy; Spirituality; Prisoners

Keywords

Music Therapy; Spirituality; Probation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• End-of-session qualitative assessment

  Spiritual music therapy was applied to 5 groups of 14 participants once a week for 6 sessions. At the end of each session, the effect of the theme covered that week on the participants was measured by asking a structured questionnaire consisting of 2 questions. These questions were; How did the theme covered in this session make you feel? What feelings and thoughts did this session evoke in you? The data was evaluated qualitatively. analyzed. As the primary outcome measure, it was expected that the participants would experience positive feelings at the end of the weekly application.

  During the intervention

• State and Trait Anxiety Inventory- Pre test

  Developed by Spielberger et al. (1970), it was adapted to Turkish by Öner and Le Compte (1985). State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1) reveals how a person feels at a certain moment and under certain conditions. Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-2) determines how an individual feels, independent of the environment and conditions they are in. There are 40 propositions that individuals can use to express their feelings in the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory. Depending on how the person feels and the severity of their feelings, they should mark one of the following options: "Not at all" (1), "A little" (2), "A fair amount" (3), "Completely" (4). A high score indicates a high level of anxiety, while a low score indicates a low level of anxiety. Cronbach's Alpha values of the scale were determined as 0.83-0.92 for the state anxiety scale and 0.83-0.87 for the trait anxiety scale. It was measured before treatment for both the intervention and control groups.

  At the time of enrollment

• Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale -Pre test

  Developed by Rosenberg (1965), its Turkish validity and reliability were made by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). The scale is a self-report scale consisting of 63 questions. The scale consists of 12 subcategories. The first 10 items of the scale are used to measure self-esteem. Five of these items are positive and five are negative. It is a Likert-type scale consisting of the options "Very True", "True", "False" and "Very False". According to the evaluation system within the scale; questions 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 are positive and scored from 3 to 0, while questions 3, 5, 8, 9, 10 are negative and scored from 0 to 3. The total score range is between 0-30 points, and a score below 15 points indicates low self-esteem. The Cronbach's Alpha value of the scale is 0.75. It was measured before treatment for both the intervention and control groups.

  At the time of enrollment

• Beck Depression Inventory -Pre test

  The scale developed by Beck and colleagues (1961) is a self-assessment scale consisting of 21 questions used to measure depressive symptoms in areas such as cognitive and emotional coping skills. Each item of the scale aims to measure the degree of symptoms specific to depression, and each item contains self-assessment sentences scored between 0-3 on a four-point Likert type that can describe depressive symptoms in the last week. The total score range on the scale varies between 0-63. The Turkish adaptation was made by Hisli (1989). The Cronbach's Alpha value of the scale was found to be 0.80. It was measured before treatment for both the intervention and control groups.

  At the time of enrollment

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Qualitative evaluation after intervention

  At the end of the 6-week treatment

• State-Trait Anxiety Scale-Post test

  At the end of the 6-week treatment

• Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale -Post test

  At the end of the 6-week treatment

• Beck Depression Inventory -Post test

  At the end of the 6-week treatment

Study Arms (2)

Intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

In the study, the intervention group received six 90-minute sessions of spiritual music therapy once a week. The groups consisted of 14 participants and the study was completed in five groups.

Other: Spiritual Music Therapy

Control group

NO INTERVENTION

No intervention was made to the control group.

Interventions

Spiritual Music Therapy OTHER

In the first session of the spiritual music therapy application, information was given about music, music therapy and its history, and information was given about the Turkish Music makam structure and makam differences and the traces these makams leave on the person's body and soul. In addition, the technique of receiving and giving sound was taught. In the next five sessions, Rast, Uşşak, Segâh, Hüseyni and Hicaz makams were listened to, accompanied by the sound of kanun and water. Information was given about the musical and therapeutic status of the makams, 3 works related to the relevant makam were taught, performed and information was given about the spiritual messages of the piece, its composer and lyricist. At the same time, rhythm studies were done with the bendir to accompany the relevant makam. At the end of each session, the makam of the day was listened to, accompanied by the sound of kanun and water.

Intervention group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Implementation of probation pursuant to Article 191 of the Turkish Penal Code (Purchasing, accepting or possessing narcotic or stimulant substances for use or using narcotic or stimulant substances)

You may not qualify if:

• those whose probation period has ended (whose file has been closed)
• those who have entered prison
• those who have changed their address

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Amasya University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Amasya University

Amasya, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Model Details: Mixed methods randomized controlled trial

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 1, 2025
• First Posted: June 4, 2025
• Study Start: April 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: March 31, 2025
• Study Completion: March 31, 2025
• Last Updated: June 4, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)