Music-Enhanced Calisthenics in Older Adults

NCT06973538 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2025/7-5
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 31
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of music-enhanced calisthenic exercises on balance, muscle strength, proprioception, and quality of life (QoL) in sedentary older adults. Thirty-one participants (mean age: 74.41 ± 5.86 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: Calisthenic Exercise Group (CEG), Music-based Calisthenic Exercise Group (MCEG), and Control Group (CG). The intervention consisted of 16 sessions over 8 weeks, including a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of exercise, and a 10-minute cool-down. Assessments included the Timed Up and Go Test (balance), Sit-to-Stand Test (strength), joint position sense tests (proprioception), and the Nottingham Health Profile (QoL). Both exercise groups showed significant improvements in all measured outcomes (p\<0.05), with the MCEG demonstrating superior gains, particularly in energy levels and physical function. These findings support the use of music to enhance the benefits of exercise in older adults.

Conditions

Balanced; Quality of Life; Exercise Theraphy; Proprioception

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Balance Improvement

  Change in balance as measured by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test. This test assesses functional mobility and balance, with a shorter completion time indicating better balance. Lower TUG scores at the end of the 8-week intervention indicate improved balance. Change in balance as measured by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test. This test assesses functional mobility and balance, with a shorter completion time indicating better balance. Lower TUG scores at the end of the 8-week intervention indicate improved balance.

  Baseline and 8 weeks post-intervention

• Muscle Strength Improvement

  Change in lower limb muscle strength as measured by the Sit-to-Stand Test. This test counts the number of full stands a participant can perform in 30 seconds. Higher scores indicate better muscle strength.

  Baseline and 8 weeks post-intervention

• Proprioception Improvement

  Change in joint position sense as measured by the Joint Position Sense Test. Smaller deviations from the target angle indicate better proprioceptive function.

  Baseline and 8 weeks post-intervention

• Quality of Life (QoL) Improvement Quality of Life (QoL) Improvement

  Change in quality of life as measured by the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), which assesses physical mobility, emotional reactions, social isolation, pain, and energy levels. Lower NHP scores indicate better perceived quality of life.

  Baseline and 8 weeks post-intervention

Study Arms (3)

Arm 1: Music-based Calisthenic Exercise Group (MCEG)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this group will perform calisthenic exercises with background music for 8 weeks. Each session will include a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of music-enhanced calisthenic exercises (e.g., seated leg lifts, chair squats, seated marching, arm curls, and seated torso twists), and a 10-minute cool-down. From the fifth week onwards, elastic resistance bands will be introduced to progressively increase exercise intensity. The music selection is designed to promote engagement and motivation, including rhythmic and motivational tracks suitable for older adults.

Other: Music-based Calisthenic Exercise

Arm 2: Calisthenic Exercise Group (CEG)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this group will perform the same calisthenic exercises as the MCEG but without background music. The intervention will last 8 weeks, with each session including a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of calisthenic exercises (e.g., seated leg lifts, chair squats, seated marching, arm curls, and seated torso twists), and a 10-minute cool-down. From the fifth week onwards, elastic resistance bands will be introduced to progressively increase exercise intensity.

Other: Music-based Calisthenic Exercise

Arm 3: Control Group (CG)

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in this group will not receive any structured exercise intervention during the 8-week study period. They will be encouraged to maintain their usual daily activities without any specific exercise regimen. This group serves as a baseline for comparison against the exercise groups.

Interventions

Music-based Calisthenic Exercise OTHER

Participants in this group will perform 8 weeks of calisthenic exercises with background music. Each session includes a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of music-based exercises (e.g., seated leg lifts, chair squats, arm curls), and a 10-minute cool-down. Elastic resistance bands will be introduced from week 5 to increase intensity. Music tracks are selected to enhance motivation and engagement.

Also known as: Calisthenic Exercise

Arm 1: Music-based Calisthenic Exercise Group (MCEG); Arm 2: Calisthenic Exercise Group (CEG)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 65 Years - 90 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Only individuals deemed physically suitable for exercise by the institutional physician and who agreed to participate in the exercise program were included.

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals under 65 years of age.
• Severe cognitive impairment or diagnosed dementia that would prevent safe participation in the exercise program.
• Severe musculoskeletal, neurological, or cardiovascular conditions that contraindicate physical exercise.
• Acute or unstable medical conditions requiring immediate medical intervention.
• Hearing impairment that would significantly reduce the ability to follow music-based exercises.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Feyza Altindal Karabulut: lead

Study Sites (1)

Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Health Sciences

Niğde, Ni̇ğde, 51700, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Model Details: This study uses a parallel assignment model in which participants are randomly assigned to one of three independent groups: Music-based Calisthenic Exercise Group (MCEG): Participants perform calisthenic exercises with background music. Calisthenic Exercise Group (CEG): Participants perform the same exercises without music. Control Group (CG): Participants receive no structured exercise intervention. Each group follows a fixed 8-week intervention program, with sessions conducted twice weekly. The primary aim is to assess the effects of music-enhanced calisthenic exercises on balance, muscle strength, proprioception, and quality of life in healthy sedentary older adults. Data will be collected pre- and post-intervention to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions. Randomization ensures that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any of the three groups, reducing selection bias and enhancing the internal validity of the study.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 7, 2025
• First Posted: May 15, 2025
• Study Start: January 2, 2024
• Primary Completion: February 2, 2025
• Study Completion: April 2, 2025
• Last Updated: May 15, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
• Time Frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention) and 8 weeks post-intervention

Locations

TU (1)