Promoting Mother-baby Bonding Through Sustainable Breastfeeding Practices

NCT06781190 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 17.04.2024/43
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 100
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This research aimed to identify sustainable breastfeeding practices and green mothers' initiatives to develop a strong mother-child bond.

Conditions

Breastfeeding; Attachment

Keywords

Sustainable Breastfeeding; Postpartum Attachment; Green Mom Initiative

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors scale

  The Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviours scale consists of 32 items and seven sub-dimensions. Quality labels (local and organic), seasonal food and avoiding food waste, animal health, reducing meat consumption, healthy and balanced diet, local food, low fat. Participants are asked to rate each item as 'never', 'very rarely', 'rarely', 'sometimes', 'often', 'very often' or 'always'. Never' is worth 1 point and 'always' is worth 7 points. Factor scores are calculated by taking the average of the scores given to the items in that factor (between 1 and 7 points). Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.912. The lowest possible score is 32 and the highest is 224. This reflects high sustainability.

  Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth

• Carbon Footprint Awareness Scale

  The scale comprises 19 items measured on a 5-point Likert-type scale, focusing on five key areas: transportation, which includes 3 items; fuel consumption, also with 3 items; electricity use, featuring 5 items; food consumption, containing 5 items; and waste management, which has 3 items. The scale demonstrates a strong factor structure, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.86, indicating high reliability, and it explains 56.09% of the variance in the data. The lowest score is 19 and the highest is 95. High scores indicate sustainability.

  Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth

• Depression Anxiety and Stress scales-21

  This 21-item scale consists of three dimensions, namely anxiety, depression, and stress. Items are measured on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 3 (Always). A higher sum score indicates more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.

  Participants immediately after group assignment, 1st day after delivery, 3rd month after delivery, 6th month after delivery

• Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support

  Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support is a psychometric tool designed by Zimet et al. 18 and adapted to Turkish by Eker et al. 19 to measure individuals' perceived social support from three sources: "family, friends, and a significant other." This scale comprises 12 items, rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The internal consistency coefficients reported for the scale are within the range of 0.80 to 0.85, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92.

  Participants were assigned to the group immediately after birth, 1 day after birth, 3 months after birth and 6 months after birth.

• Scale Breast-feeding Self-efficacy Scale

  Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale: This is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis (1999). It consists of two sub-dimensions to determine mothers' breastfeeding skills, beliefs and behaviours regarding breastfeeding. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the scale was conducted by Ekşioğlu and Çeber (2011). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was assessed using a five-point Likert scale: (1) I never trust myself, (2) I do not trust myself very much, (3) I trust myself sometimes, (4) I trust myself often, (5) I always trust myself. As the total score on the scale increases, so does breastfeeding self-efficacy. The lowest score is 33 and the highest is 165.

  1st day after birth, 3rd month after birth, 6th month after birth

• Postpartum Attachment Scale

  The Postpartum Attachment Scale is a mother-filled assessment tool that utilizes a six-point Likert scale defined as "always," "very often," "often," "sometimes," "rarely," and "never." This scale consists of 25 items, with some items rated inversely, and scores range from 0 to 5. It is organized into four sub-dimensions: "attachment disorder" with 12 items, "rejection and irritability" with 7 items, "tension about care" with 4 items, and "risk of abuse" with 2 items. The overall cut-off point for the scale is set at 26 points, with a score of 27 or above indicating a postpartum attachment problem. In the original study, the total score had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.75, while the subscales showed varying reliability: 0.62 for attachment disorder, 0.53 for rejection and irritability, 0.40 for anxiety in babysitting, and 0.11 for risk of abuse.

  1st day after birth, 3rd month after birth, 6th month after birth

Study Arms (2)

Green motherhood education

EXPERIMENTAL

Pregnant women selected for the experimental group will receive 4 weeks of green motherhood training. The programme, which includes breastfeeding, bonding and carbon footprint training, is delivered 4 times by researchers. The training content has been prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature. The training will be delivered using posters.

Behavioral: Green motherhood education

Standard of care

NO INTERVENTION

Women in the control group receive routine care at the same hospital's polyclinics.

Interventions

Green motherhood education BEHAVIORAL

Pregnant women selected for the experimental group will receive 4 weeks of green motherhood training.

Green motherhood education

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: Famale
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Pregnant women 24 weeks gestation
• Must be between 18 and 35 years of age.
• Women must provide informed consent to participate in the study, indicating their willingness to participate in the educational intervention and assessments.
• Attend educational sessions
• Pregnant primiparous

You may not qualify if:

• Women with significant medical conditions that may affect breastfeeding or nutrition (e.g. serious mental illness, chronic disease) will be excluded.
• Multiple pregnancies
• Previous GREEN MOTHER training
• Substance abuse
• Women considered to be at high risk of non-compliance with the study protocol (e.g. those with unstable living conditions).

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi: lead

Study Sites (1)

University of Health Sciences

Istanbul, 34668, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Breast Feeding

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Feeding Behavior; Behavior

Study Officials

• Leyla Kaya, PhD

  Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Esra Keles, PhD

  Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc. Prof.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 13, 2025
• First Posted: January 17, 2025
• Study Start: January 31, 2025
• Primary Completion: August 5, 2025
• Study Completion: January 18, 2026
• Last Updated: January 21, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Locations

TU (1)