Effects of Coordinative Exercise on Physical Fitness, Motor Competence, and Inhibitory Control in Preschoolers

NCT06631248 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: NamikemalU
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 41
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this study was to determine whether a structured coordinative exercise program could improve physical fitness, motor competence, and inhibitory control in preschool children. The main questions it aimed to answer were: Does the exercise program improve children's physical fitness (agility, balance, vertical jump)? Does it enhance motor competence, particularly hand-eye coordination and balance? Does it affect inhibitory control, a key component of cognitive function? Researchers compared children who participated in an 8-week exercise program to those who followed their regular school activities. Participants: Took part in two 30-minute exercise sessions per week for 8 weeks Were assessed before and after the intervention on physical fitness, motor competence, and inhibitory control The study found significant improvements in physical fitness and motor competence, but no significant changes in inhibitory control.

Conditions

Motor Skills; Inhibitory Control; Physical Fitness

Keywords

coordination; exercise; preschool children

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (9)

• Changes in Motor Competence: KTK3+ Backward Balancing (number of repetitions)

  Backward balancing is a component of the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK3+) motor competence test battery. This test measures the ability to maintain balance while moving backwards on a balance beam. Unit of Measurement: number of repetitions (number of backward steps).

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Motor Competence: KTK3+ Move Sideways (Number of repetitions within 20 seconds)

  Move Sideways, is a component of the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK3+) motor competence test battery. This test evaluates the ability to perform coordinated sideways movements. Unit of Measurement: Repetitions (Number of repetitions within 20 seconds).

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Motor Competence: KTK3+ Jumping Sideways (Number of repetitions within 15 seconds)

  jumping sideways is a component of the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK3+) motor competence test battery. This test measures the ability to perform coordinated sideways jumps. Unit of Measurement: Repetitions (number of repetitions within 15 seconds)

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Motor Competence: KTK3+ Eye-Hand Coordination Task (Number of repetitions within 30 seconds)

  Eye-Hand Coordination is a component of the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK3+) motor competence test battery. This task measures the ability to coordinate visual input with manual responses. It is a measurement method that involves throwing a tennis ball against a wall from a certain distance and holding it with the other hand. Unit of Measurement: Number of correct repetitions in 30 seconds.

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Counter Movement Jump Performance, (Highest jump height (cm))

  Counter Movement Jump Performance was assessed using an accelerometer system (IVMES Athlete, Ankara, Turkey). Unit of Measurement: Centimeter (cm) - Highest jump height

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Balance Performance - Static Balance (%)

  Balance performance was assessed with a static balance task using a movable platform (Sensbalance MiniBoard; Sensamove®, Utrecht, The Netherlands) that can be connected to a computer. Unit of Measurement: Automatically calculated scores in % were used.

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Balance Performance - Dynamic Balance (%)

  Balance performance was assessed with a dynamic balance task using a moving platform (Sensbalance MiniBoard; Sensamove®, Utrecht, The Netherlands) that can be connected to a computer. Unit of Measurement: Automatically calculated scores in % were used.

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Agility (time to complete the test - in seconds)

  It was evaluated using the Pro-Agility Test. Unit of Measurement: Seconds (s) - Time to complete the test

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

• Changes in Inhibitory Control

  Inhibitory control was assessed using the Go/No-Go test in the Early Years Toolbox, which measures the ability to suppress inappropriate responses. Unit of Measurement: Number of Correct Responses and reaction time of the number of correct responses (ms).

  before and at the end of the 8-week intervention.

Study Arms (2)

Coordinative exercise protocol

EXPERIMENTAL

coordinative exercise group

Other: Coordinative exercise protocol

control group

NO INTERVENTION

The control group continued the standard education curriculum in kindergarten and did not receive any intervention

Interventions

Coordinative exercise protocol OTHER

During the eight-week period, all children in the structured coordinative exercise intervention group participated in 30-minute sessions twice a week on the same day and time. The purpose-oriented basic movement patterns created in the coordinative exercise content were organised in a play-oriented manner suitable for the preschool age range.

Coordinative exercise protocol

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 5 Years - 6 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Typically developing children
• Participants must not be taking medication
• Must not have any cardiovascular, neurological, orthopaedic or psychiatric disease
• Must be between 5-6 years of age

You may not qualify if:

• Having any cardiovascular, neurological, orthopaedic or psychiatric disease
• Having intellectual disability
• Not being between 5-6 years old

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Namik Kemal University: lead
• Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Sports Sciences Research and Development Centre

Tekirdağ, Suleymanpasa, 59030, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Chang YK, Tsai YJ, Chen TT, Hung TM. The impacts of coordinative exercise on executive function in kindergarten children: an ERP study. Exp Brain Res. 2013 Mar;225(2):187-96. doi: 10.1007/s00221-012-3360-9. Epub 2012 Dec 13.

  PMID: 23239198 BACKGROUND

• Borioni F, Biino V, Tinagli V, Pesce C. Effects of Baby Swimming on Motor and Cognitive Development: A Pilot Trial. Percept Mot Skills. 2022 Aug;129(4):977-1000. doi: 10.1177/00315125221090203. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

  PMID: 35473471 BACKGROUND

• Sendil AM, Canli U, Sheeha BB, Alkhamees NH, Batrakoulis A, Al-Mhanna SB. The effects of structured coordinative exercise protocol on physical fitness, motor competence and inhibitory control in preschool children. Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 18;14(1):28462. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79811-3.

  PMID: 39558052 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Motor Activity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc. Prof.

Model Details: The research was divided into groups according to the convenience sampling method. Convenience sampling is a non-random sampling method in which the sample to be selected from the main mass is determined by the judgement of the researcher. In convenience sampling, data are collected from the main mass in the easiest, fastest and most economical way \[73,74\]. At this point, two classes in the same kindergarten, which accepted to participate in the study and met the conditions for participation in the study, was assigned as the control group (CG; n= 23) and the other class as the exercise group (EG; n= 18).

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 20, 2024
• First Posted: October 8, 2024
• Study Start: January 20, 2023
• Primary Completion: February 25, 2023
• Study Completion: June 29, 2023
• Last Updated: October 8, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL
• Time Frame: Beginning 1 year after publication with no end date
• Access Criteria: Access Control: Access to the shared IPD will be granted to qualified researchers who provide a valid research proposal and agree to comply with data use agreements that ensure the data will be used solely for research purposes and not for commercial gain.

Locations

TU (1)