NCT06431503

Brief Summary

The purpose of this clinical trial was to find out whether Tok Sen massage (a massage method with wooden instruments from northern Thailand) is more effective than pressure massage in relieving pain and improving quality of life in participants with chronic low back pain. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can Tok Sen Massage Relieve Chronic Lower Back Pain? Can Tok Sen massage improve the quality of life of patients with chronic low back pain? Researchers compared Tok Sen massage with pressure massage, which works on low back pain, to see if it could treat chronic low back pain. Participants will: Receive Tok Sen massage or pressure massage every week for 1 month. Questionnaires and flexion measurements before and after each massage. After the massage session, fill out the online questionnaire once a month for three months.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
12

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Nov 2023

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 11, 2023

Completed
4 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 13, 2024

Completed
2 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 22, 2024

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 28, 2024

Completed
2 days until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 30, 2024

Completed
Last Updated

August 30, 2024

Status Verified

August 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

4 months

First QC Date

May 22, 2024

Last Update Submit

August 28, 2024

Conditions

Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Keywords

Tok-Sne massagepressure massagelow back pain

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Pain relieving from Visual analogue scale

    Pain was assessed using the "Pain Visual Analogue Scale" (P-VAS), which is a self-assessment scale consisting of a 10 cm horizontal line anchored on both sides. The endpoint on the left represents "no pain." , the endpoint on the right represents "severe pain". Subjects can mark their pain level on this line based on how they feel. The distance from the position of the subject's mark to the left is the measurement result. The data range is from 0 mm to 100 mm. The degree of pain reduction(1%-100%, more percentage is more effective)

    From enrollment to the end of 4 times treatments at 4 weeks

  • The Oswestry Disability Index

    Disability assessment uses the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The development of ODI was initiated by John O'Brien in 1976. These 10 items are respectively the degree of pain and the impact of pain on self-care, lifting heavy objects, walking ability, sitting ability, standing ability, sleep, social life, sex life and travel. Each option has 6 alternatives. The answer is scored from 0 to 5, with 0 being no pain at all and not affecting life, and 5 being extreme pain causing severe disability, so the "ODI score" ranges from 0 to 50. The calculation method of "ODI disability value": "Euclidean disability index" = (actual score/total number of questions answered × 5) × 100%. For example, all answers to 10 questions are: (actual score/50) × 100%; answer Question 9 is (actual score/45) × 100% (57, 62).

    From enrollment to the end of follow up at 3 months

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Forward bend fingertip-to-floor distance

    From enrollment to the end of 4 times treatments at 4 weeks

  • Left and right side bending fingertip-to-floor distance subtraction

    From enrollment to the end of 4 times treatments at 4 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Tok-Sen massage

EXPERIMENTAL

Tok-Sen massage uses a mallet to hit a wooden wedge to produce impact and sound.

Other: Tok-Sen Massage

Pressure massage

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Pressure massage uses the wooden wedge to press.

Other: Pressure Massage

Interventions

Tok-Sen MassageOTHER

Press the wedge and tapping: the strength for pressing the wedge is 1000g±50g, the height for mallet free fall(instead of beating by arm)10cm±2cm. For Pressure massage, the strength for pressing the wedge is 1500g±50g.

Tok-Sen massage
Pressure MassageOTHER

Press the wedge: the strength for pressing the wedge is 1500g±50g,

Pressure massage

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 69 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • chronic low back pain for more than 3 months
  • diagnosis of non-specific low back pain

You may not qualify if:

  • Spinal surgery history
  • Joint disease
  • Pregnancy
  • Cancer
  • Systemic disease
  • Mental disease
  • Bone Mass Measurement less than

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

China Medical University Hospital

Taichung, North Dist, 404, Taiwan

Location

Related Publications (19)

  • Snook SH. Self-care guidelines for the management of nonspecific low back pain. J Occup Rehabil. 2004 Dec;14(4):243-53. doi: 10.1023/b:joor.0000047427.21710.07.

    PMID: 15638255BACKGROUND

  • Farooque M. Specific and nonspecific low back pain-mind the gap and its impact in clinical practice: opinion of a recovering interventional spine physiatrist. Spine J. 2023 Aug;23(8):1101-1107. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.04.011. Epub 2023 Apr 27. No abstract available.

    PMID: 37116719BACKGROUND

  • Knezevic NN, Candido KD, Vlaeyen JWS, Van Zundert J, Cohen SP. Low back pain. Lancet. 2021 Jul 3;398(10294):78-92. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00733-9. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

    PMID: 34115979BACKGROUND

  • Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB. The Oswestry Disability Index. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000 Nov 15;25(22):2940-52; discussion 2952. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200011150-00017.

    PMID: 11074683BACKGROUND

  • Maher C, Underwood M, Buchbinder R. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet. 2017 Feb 18;389(10070):736-747. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30970-9. Epub 2016 Oct 11.

    PMID: 27745712BACKGROUND

  • Balague F, Mannion AF, Pellise F, Cedraschi C. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet. 2012 Feb 4;379(9814):482-91. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60610-7. Epub 2011 Oct 6.

    PMID: 21982256BACKGROUND

  • Chenot JF, Greitemann B, Kladny B, Petzke F, Pfingsten M, Schorr SG. Non-Specific Low Back Pain. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017 Dec 25;114(51-52):883-890. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0883.

    PMID: 29321099BACKGROUND

  • Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, McLean RM, Forciea MA; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians; Denberg TD, Barry MJ, Boyd C, Chow RD, Fitterman N, Harris RP, Humphrey LL, Vijan S. Noninvasive Treatments for Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Low Back Pain: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Apr 4;166(7):514-530. doi: 10.7326/M16-2367. Epub 2017 Feb 14.

    PMID: 28192789BACKGROUND

  • GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2018 Nov 10;392(10159):1789-1858. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

    PMID: 30496104BACKGROUND

  • Merritt JL, McLean TJ, Erickson RP, Offord KP. Measurement of trunk flexibility in normal subjects: reproducibility of three clinical methods. Mayo Clin Proc. 1986 Mar;61(3):192-7. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)61848-5.

    PMID: 3945120BACKGROUND

  • Chen S, Chen M, Wu X, Lin S, Tao C, Cao H, Shao Z, Xiao G. Global, regional and national burden of low back pain 1990-2019: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. J Orthop Translat. 2021 Sep 10;32:49-58. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.07.005. eCollection 2022 Jan.

    PMID: 34934626BACKGROUND

  • Raja SN, Carr DB, Cohen M, Finnerup NB, Flor H, Gibson S, Keefe FJ, Mogil JS, Ringkamp M, Sluka KA, Song XJ, Stevens B, Sullivan MD, Tutelman PR, Ushida T, Vader K. The revised International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: concepts, challenges, and compromises. Pain. 2020 Sep 1;161(9):1976-1982. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001939.

    PMID: 32694387BACKGROUND

  • Shafshak TS, Elnemr R. The Visual Analogue Scale Versus Numerical Rating Scale in Measuring Pain Severity and Predicting Disability in Low Back Pain. J Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Oct 1;27(7):282-285. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000001320.

    PMID: 31985722BACKGROUND

  • Klineberg E, Mazanec D, Orr D, Demicco R, Bell G, McLain R. Masquerade: medical causes of back pain. Cleve Clin J Med. 2007 Dec;74(12):905-13. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.74.12.905.

    PMID: 18183841BACKGROUND

  • Meucci RD, Fassa AG, Faria NM. Prevalence of chronic low back pain: systematic review. Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49:1. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005874. Epub 2015 Oct 20.

    PMID: 26487293BACKGROUND

  • Foster NE, Anema JR, Cherkin D, Chou R, Cohen SP, Gross DP, Ferreira PH, Fritz JM, Koes BW, Peul W, Turner JA, Maher CG; Lancet Low Back Pain Series Working Group. Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2368-2383. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30489-6. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

    PMID: 29573872BACKGROUND

  • Langevin HM, Sherman KJ. Pathophysiological model for chronic low back pain integrating connective tissue and nervous system mechanisms. Med Hypotheses. 2007;68(1):74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.06.033. Epub 2006 Aug 21.

    PMID: 16919887RESULT

  • Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, Hoy D, Karppinen J, Pransky G, Sieper J, Smeets RJ, Underwood M; Lancet Low Back Pain Series Working Group. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2356-2367. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

    PMID: 29573870RESULT

  • Traeger AC, Buchbinder R, Elshaug AG, Croft PR, Maher CG. Care for low back pain: can health systems deliver? Bull World Health Organ. 2019 Jun 1;97(6):423-433. doi: 10.2471/BLT.18.226050. Epub 2019 Apr 30.

    PMID: 31210680RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Low Back Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Back PainPainNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

  • Yu-Chen Lee, M.D. & Ph.D.

    China Medical University, China

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 22, 2024

First Posted

May 28, 2024

Study Start

November 11, 2023

Primary Completion

March 13, 2024

Study Completion

May 30, 2024

Last Updated

August 30, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-08

Locations

TW(1)