Ultrasonographic Measurement of Diaphragmatic Thickness in Adolescents With Thoracal Hyperkyphosis

NCT06418334 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 109
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 45
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Spinal deformity is common in childhood and adolescence. Any spinal deformity, especially one that affects the thoracic spine, can affect lung function.The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle, and diaphragm contraction is associated with respiratory functions. The investigators aimed to measure the diaphragmatic thickness in adolescents with increased thoracal kyphosis (thoracal hyperkyphosis) deformities.

Conditions

Hyperkyphosis; Spine Deformity; Diaphragm Issues

Keywords

Thoracal Hyperkyphosis; Diaphragma Thickness; Ultrasonographic Measurement

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Thoracal hyperkyphosis study form

  Thoracal hyperkyphosis study form consisting of clinical and radiological measurements of patients aged 8-18 years who applied to the outpatient clinic with chest deformity will be filled in detail. Coronal, sagittal balance; coronal and sagittal Cobb angles (degree) (degree between upper end vertebral line of thoracal 3 'T3' and lower end vertebral line of 'T12') will be measured from posterior-anterior (PA) and lateral scoliosis radiographs.

  Within 1 month of applying to the outpatient clinic

• Pulmonary function test

  The investigators will use handheld spirometry device for measurement. Three measurements will be made. In these three measurements; FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume In One Second) (Liter-L), FEV1 (%predicted) (percentage), FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) (Liter-L), FVC (%predicted) (percentage), FEV1/FVC (%) and FEV1/FVC (%predicted) (percentage) will be evaluated. The arithmetic average of the results of these three measurements will be taken.

  Within 1 month of applying to the outpatient clinic

• Ultrasonographic Measurement

  Diaphragm thickness (centimeter-cm) will be measured in the supine position with a 6-14 Mhz lineer, conventional ultrasound probe (Mindray DC-8, Shenzen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics CO. LTD.,P.R. China) at the end of inspiration and expiration from the intercostal space on the anterior axillary line. The measurements will be evaluated by making three measurements from the right 8-9. intercostal space where the diaphragm is best visualized. End-expiratory (Forced residual capacity-FRC) (centimeter-cm), end-inspiratory (Total Lung Capacity) (centimeter-cm) and thickening rate (%) (thickness TLC / thickness FRC) will be evaluated three times and the arithmetic average of these three measurements will be taken.

  Within 1 month of applying to the outpatient clinic

Study Arms (1)

Patients aged 10-18 years who were diagnosed with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity

Thoracal Hyperkyphosis study form consisting of clinical and radiological measurements of patients aged 10-18 years who were diagnosed with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity and applied to the scoliosis outpatient clinicwill be filled in detail.

Diagnostic Test: Thoracal hyperkyphosis study form; Diagnostic Test: Scoliosis graphy; Diagnostic Test: Pulmonary function test; Diagnostic Test: Ultrasonographic Measurement

Interventions

Thoracal hyperkyphosis study form DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Thoracal hyperkyphosis study form consisting of clinical and radiological measurements of patients aged 10-18 years who applied to the outpatient clinic with chest deformity will be filled in detail.

Patients aged 10-18 years who were diagnosed with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity

Scoliosis graphy DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Patients whose forward bending test and clinical evaluation results are compatible with hyperkyphosis and scoliosis radiographs are requested. Coronal, sagittal balance; coronal and sagittal Cobb angles will be measured from posterior-anterior (PA) and lateral scoliosis radiographs.

Patients aged 10-18 years who were diagnosed with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity

Pulmonary function test DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are noninvasive tests that show how well the lungs are working. The tests measure lung volume, capacity, rates of flow, and gas exchange. This information can help participant healthcare provider diagnose and decide the treatment of certain lung disorders. The investigators will use handheld spirometry device for measurement. Three measurements will be made. In these three measurements; FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume In One Second)(L), FEV1 (%predicted), FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) (L), FVC (%predicted), FEV1/FVC (%) and FEV1/FVC (%predicted) will be evaluated. The arithmetic average of the results of these three measurements will be taken.

Also known as: Spirometry Function Test

Patients aged 10-18 years who were diagnosed with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity

Ultrasonographic Measurement DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Diaphragm thickness will be measured in the supine position with a 6-14 Mhz lineer, conventional ultrasound probe (Mindray DC-8, Shenzen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics CO. LTD.,P.R. China) at the end of inspiration and expiration from the intercostal space on the anterior axillary line. The measurements will be evaluated by making three measurements from the right 8-9. intercostal space where the diaphragm is best visualized. End-expiratory (Forced residual capacity-FRC) (centimeter-cm), end-inspiratory (Total Lung Capacity) (centimeter-cm) and thickening rate (%) (thickness TLC / thickness FRC) will be evaluated three times and the arithmetic average of these three measurements will be taken.

Patients aged 10-18 years who were diagnosed with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 10 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

It will consist of participants with thoracal hyperkyphosis deformity who apply to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic of the University of Health Sciences Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital within the study date ranges, meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria and voluntarily agree to participate in the research. Healthy individuals identical in age and gender will be included in the study as a control group. Demographic information of all individuals involved in the recruitment will be collected.

You may qualify if:

• Increased thoracal kyphosis (thoracic hyperkyphosis)
• Being between the ages of 10-18

You may not qualify if:

• Congenital spinal, costal and diaphragmatic anomalies
• Neuromuscular disease
• Respiratory system diseases that affect lung functions
• Patients who cannot cooperate with spirometry.
• Having surgery to the chest wall or spine

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Gaziosmanpasa Research and Education Hospital: lead

Study Sites (1)

Deniz Oke

Istanbul, Gaziosmanpasa, 34255, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (4)

• Jagger F, Tsirikos AI, Blacklock S, Urquhart DS. Adaptation to reduced lung function in children and young people with spinal deformity. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020 Mar-Apr;11(2):191-195. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2019.12.013. Epub 2020 Jan 3.

  PMID: 32099278 RESULT

• Karaali E, Ciloglu O, Gorgulu FF, Ekiz T. Ultrasonographic measurement of diaphragm thickness in patients with severe thoracic scoliosis. J Ultrasound. 2021 Mar;24(1):75-79. doi: 10.1007/s40477-020-00536-w. Epub 2021 Feb 7.

  PMID: 33550575 RESULT

• Wang JS. Effect of joint mobilization and stretching on respiratory function and spinal movement in very severe COPD with thoracic kyphosis. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Oct;27(10):3329-31. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.3329. Epub 2015 Oct 30.

  PMID: 26644703 RESULT

• Oke D, Karakullukcuoglu Z, Gulec MG, Ozkan C. Ultrasonographic evaluation of diaphragmatic thickness in adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis: new horizons in diagnosis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2026 Jan 2;27(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-09462-6.

  PMID: 41484972 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Kyphosis

Interventions

Respiratory Function Tests

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Spinal Curvatures; Spinal Diseases; Bone Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Diagnosis

Study Officials

• Meryem Guneser Gulec, MD

  Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital Physical Rehabilitation Department

  STUDY CHAIR

• Cansu Ozkan, MD

  Medical Park Bahcelievler Hospital Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department

  STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER GOV
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 11, 2024
• First Posted: May 17, 2024
• Study Start: October 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: May 30, 2024
• Study Completion: May 30, 2024
• Last Updated: April 30, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)