NCT06284681

Brief Summary

The proposed 6-month pilot Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomize Trial (SMART) has two aims. The first and primary aim is to determine the feasibility of conducting a full-scale SMART to compare weight-focused (i.e., weight loss) and weight-neutral (i.e., weight loss is not an explicit goal) adaptive biobehavioral interventions for improving cardiometabolic health in Black adults with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥27 kg/m2) plus at least one weight-related cardiometabolic condition (high blood pressure, prediabetes or diabetes, and/or high cholesterol). Biobehavioral interventions are treatment strategies that combine lifestyle-based behavioral interventions such as eating a healthy diet and exercise with medications. In this study, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either weight-focused or weight-neutral health coaching for 7 weeks. At week 8, participants will be identified as either "responders" or "nonresponders" to the initial interventions. The threshold for response in the weight-focused condition is greater than or equal to 3% weight loss. The threshold for response in the weight-neutral condition is engaging in greater than or equal to 150 minutes of moderate physical activity for the 7 days prior to the week 8 study visit. Responders to the initial interventions will continue with health coaching on a biweekly basis for weeks 9-26 of the intervention. Nonresponders will be re-randomized to either intensify the lifestyle-based intervention by receiving a membership to the YMCA and enrolling in group fitness classes or augmenting the health coaching with enhanced medical management in partnership with their established primary care provider. The second aim is to use clinical data from the pilot SMART to estimate treatment effects and the between-person variability in these effects. Because this is a pilot study, these estimates will not be used to make comparisons or draw conclusions on the comparative effectiveness of intervention conditions. Rather, these data will be used to generate preliminary effect sizes that can be used to estimate the sample size required for a full-scale trial. Clinical trial feasibility data will be collected on an ongoing basis throughout the study and clinical data will be collected prior to initiating the intervention (baseline) and at week 8 (response visit) and week 26 (post-intervention visit).

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
41

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable obesity

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2024

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 6, 2024

Completed
23 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 29, 2024

Completed
7 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 1, 2024

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 31, 2026

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 31, 2026

Completed
Last Updated

February 27, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.3 years

First QC Date

February 6, 2024

Last Update Submit

February 25, 2026

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (13)

  • Recruitment rate

    Time required to meet recruitment goal

    baseline

  • Retention rate

    Number and proportion of participants completing the study

    week 26

  • Response/Non-response rate to initial interventions

    The proportion of participants meeting pre-specified response criteria initial interventions

    week 8

  • Attendance to health coaching sessions

    Number and proportion of health coaching sessions attended attendance

    week 26

  • Treatment Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ)

    The CEQ measures how much the participant believes in the rationale for the study treatments and how much they expect the treatments to improve their health.

    baseline

  • Treatment Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ)

    The CEQ measures how much the participant believes in the rationale for the study treatments and how much they expect the treatments to improve their health.

    week 8

  • Treatment Preference

    Measures the participant's preference for different treatments used in the study.

    baseline

  • Treatment Preference

    Measures the participant's preference for different treatments used in the study.

    week 8

  • Family medicine clinic capacity for research

    Measurement of family medicine clinic capacity for research

    week 26

  • Study visit duration

    Measurement of study visit duration

    week 26

  • Time required for surveys completion

    Measurement of time required for participants to complete the survey packet completion

    week 26

  • Response to weight-focused health coaching

    Weight loss measured using family medicine clinic. scale. Greater than or equal to 3 percent weight loss is the threshold for "response" for the weight focused condition.

    Week 8

  • Response to weight-neutral health coaching measurement

    Physical activity measured accelerometry (activPAL4). Greater than or equal to 150 weekly minutes of physical activity is the threshold for response for the weight-neutral condition.

    Week 8

Secondary Outcomes (10)

  • Change in blood pressure

    Week 26

  • Change in glucose

    Week 26

  • Change in insulin

    Week 26

  • Change in insulin sensitivity

    Week 26

  • Change in HbA1c

    Week 26

  • +5 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (20)

  • Change in blood pressure

    Week 8

  • Change in glucose

    Week 8

  • Change in insulin

    Week 8

  • +17 more other outcomes

Study Arms (6)

Weight-Focused Health Coaching with Intensified Lifestyle Approach for Nonresponders

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will start with weight-focused health coaching for 7 weeks and individuals achieving \<3% weight loss will be given a 4-month membership to the YMCA and enrolled in group fitness classes.

Behavioral: Weight-focused health coachingBehavioral: Intensify lifestyle approach

Weight-Neutral Health Coaching with Intensified Lifestyle Approach for Nonresponders

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will start with weight-neutral health coaching for 7 weeks and individuals achieving \<150 minutes of moderate physical activity will be given a 4-month membership to the YMCA and enrolled in group fitness classes.

Behavioral: Weight-neutral health coachingBehavioral: Intensify lifestyle approach

Weight-Focused Health Coaching with Enhanced Medical Management

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will start with weight-focused health coaching for 7 weeks and individuals achieving \<3% weight loss will meet with their primary care provider and health coach to consider additional or revised medication plans to address their weight and weight-related chronic conditions.

Behavioral: Weight-focused health coachingOther: Augment with enhanced medical management

Weight-Neutral Health Coaching with Enhanced Medical Management

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will start with weight-neutral health coaching for 7 weeks and individuals achieving \<150 minutes of moderate physical activity will meet with their primary care provider and health coach to consider additional or revised medication plans to address their weight and weight-related chronic conditions.

Behavioral: Weight-neutral health coachingOther: Augment with enhanced medical management

Weight-Focused Health Coaching Only

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

This arm includes participants who responded to Weight-Focused Health Coaching in stage 1.

Behavioral: Weight-focused health coaching

Weight-Neutral Health Coaching Only

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

This arm includes participants who responded to Weight-Neutral Health Coaching in stage 1.

Behavioral: Weight-neutral health coaching

Interventions

Participants identified as non-responders to initial health coaching interventions may be re-randomized to receive a 4-month membership to the local YMCA and health coaches will assist participants in identifying and enrolling in at least 2 weekly group fitness classes at the YMCA.

Weight-Focused Health Coaching with Intensified Lifestyle Approach for NonrespondersWeight-Neutral Health Coaching with Intensified Lifestyle Approach for Nonresponders

Participants identified as non-responders to initial health coaching interventions may be re-randomized to meet with the primary care provider and health coach to consider additional or revised medication plans to address their weight and weight-related chronic conditions.

Weight-Focused Health Coaching with Enhanced Medical ManagementWeight-Neutral Health Coaching with Enhanced Medical Management

Following the definition of structured lifestyle interventions within the current obesity clinical practice guidelines, the weight-focused health coaching intervention will be delivered as a multi-component behavior change intervention intended to produce clinically-important weight loss through consuming a healthy, energy-restricted diet and increasing physical activity.

Weight-Focused Health Coaching OnlyWeight-Focused Health Coaching with Enhanced Medical ManagementWeight-Focused Health Coaching with Intensified Lifestyle Approach for Nonresponders

Dietary and physical activity prescriptions for the weight-neutral health coaching intervention will be similar to the weight-focused intervention except the diet prescription will be designed to fully meet daily estimated energy requirements rather than creating a negative energy balance and producing weight loss. Health coaches will not emphasize changes in body weight as an explicit goal or as a mediator of improved cardiometabolic health. Rather, health coaches will emphasize achieving diet and exercise behavioral goals as a direct means to improving cardiometabolic health independently of changes in body weight.

Weight-Neutral Health Coaching OnlyWeight-Neutral Health Coaching with Enhanced Medical ManagementWeight-Neutral Health Coaching with Intensified Lifestyle Approach for Nonresponders

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Black or African American Race
  • ≥18 years
  • BMI ≥27 kg/m2 plus a diagnostic history of 1 or more of the following:
  • Prehypertension or hypertension
  • Prediabetes or type 2 diabetes
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Has a primary care provider who is willing to participate in enhanced medical management condition as needed
  • Access and ability to use a device with reliable internet connectivity
  • Able to converse and read English
  • Willingness to enroll in any possible intervention conditions
  • Willingness to engage in post-intervention focus group

You may not qualify if:

  • Presence of any condition precluding engagement in the prescribed diet or exercise interventions
  • Currently engaged in a structured lifestyle-based or weight loss intervention

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

ObesityPrehypertensionHypertensionPrediabetic StateDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dyslipidemias

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

OverweightOvernutritionNutrition DisordersNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesBody WeightSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsVascular DiseasesCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesLipid Metabolism Disorders

Study Officials

  • Drew Sayer, PhD

    University of Alabama at Birmingham

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
SEQUENTIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 6, 2024

First Posted

February 29, 2024

Study Start

October 1, 2024

Primary Completion

January 31, 2026

Study Completion

January 31, 2026

Last Updated

February 27, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Coded and cleaned scientific data - with all participant identifiers removed - from all time points and supporting information will be preserved and shared from resulting publication(s) to allow for validation and replication of the study. All participant identifying information (e.g., names, addresses, contact information) will be saved in a separate and secure file for future contact purposes via IRB-approved study personnel and protocols only. Study-related data will be available via PubMed Central following publication.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, ANALYTIC CODE
Time Frame
Study-related data and supporting information will be made freely-available on PubMed Central following publication.

Locations