Pediatric-Quiz Game Behaviour Guidance in Children

NCT06241157 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: MU_SD_DPD
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 80
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Behavior orientation is the cornerstone of the success of pediatric dentistry. The use of behavior management techniques enables children to learn appropriate behavior and coping skills, reduce anxiety, and facilitate the delivery of adequate oral health care. Some behavior guidance systems have been tried to be created. On the basis of the magic game, it has been tried to move the children away from the current real situation, the reality of dental treatment, to move forward in communication and successful results have been obtained. The main thing in the technique is to start the communication with the child in the waiting room of the dentist and to reduce the anxiety of the child by improving the self-efficacy perception of the child. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of question-answer behavior guidance technique in dental treatment in pediatric patients.

Conditions

Behavior, Child

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)

  Participants' pain and anxiety levels were assessed. The scale displayed a colored spectrum on the front side ranging from no pain (white) to severe pain (red), which indicates relevant pain scores ranging from 0 to 10 on the reverse side.

  3 Months

• The Dental Subscale of Children's Fear Survey Schedule parental version (CFSS-DS pv)

  The Scale consists of 15 articles. The answers are given by parents on a Likert type scale, ranging from 15 to 75. For children with moderate and severe dental fear levels, threshold values are set as 32 and 38 points, respectively.

  3 months

• The Venham Picture Test (VPT), a self-reporting scale

  The scale is used to evaluate children's situational anxiety. It consists of 16 illustrations in pairs.Among the pairs, one represents the presence of anxiety and the other represents absence of anxiety. Children's anxiety scores were calculated between 0 and 8, according to the illustration they chose, representing themselves. Higher scores indicate the presence of anxiety and its level.

  3 months

• Facial Image Scale (FIS).

  Self-report scale will be used in the study to evaluate children's state of anxiety. It displays nine faces showing emotions ranging from "non-anxious" to "very anxious." Participants are requested to indicate the face that represents their actual feelings. The scores range between 0.04 (positive/nonanxious) and 0.97 (negative/very anxious), demonstrating the state anxiety.

  3 months

Study Arms (2)

Pediatric Quiz Game

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavior Guidance Technique (BGT) group (Pedo-Quiz group) Whereas, with the novel BGT so called "The Pediatric-Quiz Game" (PQ), dentists start interacting with children in the waiting room before entering the operating room. It can be defined as "asking children basic questions on colors, animals, fruits and/or cities depending on the age of the child. Each child will be asked to fill out the "Facial Affective Scale" and the "Venham Picture Test" before the procedure. After the session, the Frankl Behavior Scale and the "Patient Evaluation Form" will be filled out by the dentist. Their families (parents/guardians) will be asked to fill out the "Child Fear Assessment Scale-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DSc) before the session. 35 children will be included in the study.Main goal in this sesion is to evaluate in which dental practice step can be progressed in an anxious child by using this new behavior managament technique.

Other: Pediatric Quiz Game

Control

NO INTERVENTION

This group is the control group. Tell-show-do technique, which is a frequently used behavioral management techniques will be used. In this group, each child will be asked to fill out the "Facial Shape Scale" and the "Venham Picture Test" before the procedure. After the session, the Frankl Behavior Scale and the "Patient Evaluation Form" will be filled out by the dentist. Their families (parents/guardians) will be asked to fill out the "Child Fear Assessment Scale-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DSc) before the session. 35 children will be included in the study. Main goal in this sesion is to evaluate in which dental practice step can be progressed in an anxious child by using classical behavior managament technique.

Interventions

Pediatric Quiz Game OTHER

Investigator will start interacting with children upon their arrival and during their presence in the waiting room before entering the operating room. This will help to obtain better cooperation (frankl scale) and anxiety reductions (FIS and VPT) at different stages of the dental examination (e.g., entering the clinic, sitting on the dental chair, opening mouth, examination with mirror, probe, use of low-high-speed handpieces, ITR restoration). Pediatric Quiz is actually an ice-breaking quiz game developed for children, with the promise of a surprise gift at the end. It can be defined as "asking children basic questions on colors, animals, fruits and/or cities depending on the age of the child among which the child would choose him/herself and answer the question easily.

Pediatric Quiz Game

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 4 Years - 8 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Children of age group 4-8 years.
• with no previous dental experience.
• without any systemic or mental disorders.

You may not qualify if:

• Children or their families that could not agree to participate the study
• They had a previous serious dental experience in need of emergency treatment
• Having systemic or mental disorders

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Marmara University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry

Istanbul, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Shahnavaz S, Hedman-Lagerlof E, Hasselblad T, Reuterskiold L, Kaldo V, Dahllof G. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Dental Anxiety: Open Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Jan 22;20(1):e12. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7803.

  PMID: 29358158 RESULT

• Peretz B, Gluck G. Magic trick: a behavioural strategy for the management of strong-willed children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2005 Nov;15(6):429-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2005.00668.x.

  PMID: 16238653 RESULT

• Grisolia BM, Dos Santos APP, Dhyppolito IM, Buchanan H, Hill K, Oliveira BH. Prevalence of dental anxiety in children and adolescents globally: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021 Mar;31(2):168-183. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12712. Epub 2020 Sep 9.

  PMID: 33245591 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Child Behavior

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Masking Details: Due to the nature of the intervention, the study was conducted as an open-label trial, with neither participants, care providers, nor outcome assessors blinded
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: This pilot study followed a two-arm, parallel-group non-randomized controlled design and compared the effectiveness of the Pediatric Quiz Game (PQ) technique with the traditional Tell-Show-Do (TSD) method in reducing dental anxiety and improving cooperation in children.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 5, 2024
• First Posted: February 5, 2024
• Study Start: January 21, 2022
• Primary Completion: April 20, 2024
• Study Completion: May 1, 2024
• Last Updated: March 5, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Locations

TU (1)