NCT06074770

Brief Summary

Iodine as an essential trace element for human, both excessive and insufficient intake would be harmful for human health. As susceptible population, children will be more sensitive to adverse effects caused by inadequate intake of iodine since they are at the peak of growth and development. Meanwhile, there are few direct evidence to establish dietary intakes levels of iodine for 3-6 years old pre-school children.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
2,650

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
8mo left

Started May 2023

Typical duration for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress82%
May 2023Dec 2026

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 5, 2023

Completed
5 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 26, 2023

Completed
14 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 10, 2023

Completed
3.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 31, 2026

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 31, 2026

Last Updated

October 10, 2023

Status Verified

October 1, 2023

Enrollment Period

3.7 years

First QC Date

September 26, 2023

Last Update Submit

October 5, 2023

Conditions

Keywords

nutrientdietary intake levelspre-school childreniodine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

  • urinary iodine concentration

    μg/L

    2 weeks

  • diet iodine intake

    μg/day

    2 weeks

  • urinary iodine excretion

    μg/day

    2 weeks

  • thyroglobulin antibody

    IU/mL

    2 weeks

  • salt iodine concentration

    μg/L

    2 weeks

  • water iodine intake

    μg/day

    2 weeks

  • thyroid volume

    ml

    2 weeks

Interventions

Natural exposure of iodine

Eligibility Criteria

Age3 Years - 6 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17)
Sampling MethodProbability Sample
Study Population

3-6 years old pre-school children are the research subjects. They were recruited in Tianjin and Shandong.

You may qualify if:

  • for children with mild malnutrition: hemoglobin \<110g / L, or weight for age \<P50 according to the Chinese 2009 child growth and development reference standard, or BMI z score \<-1 according to the WHO Child Growth Assessment Software (version 3.2.2 ) ; have not been treated for thyroid disease; have not used amiodarone and other drugs (including iodine supplements) during the investigation; have no major diseases ,chronic diseases and family history.
  • for children with good nutritional status: healthy,-1 \<BMI z score \<1; have not been treated for thyroid disease; have not used amiodarone and other drugs (including iodine supplements) during the investigation; have no major diseases ,chronic diseases and family history;

You may not qualify if:

  • long-term low-protein; long-term low-heat energy malnutrition

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Shandong Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Research

Yuncheng, Shandong, China

RECRUITING

Related Publications (29)

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    PMID: 20172467BACKGROUND
  • Zimmermann MB, Boelaert K. Iodine deficiency and thyroid disorders. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Apr;3(4):286-95. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70225-6. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

    PMID: 25591468BACKGROUND
  • Li Y, Teng D, Ba J, Chen B, Du J, He L, Lai X, Teng X, Shi X, Li Y, Chi H, Liao E, Liu C, Liu L, Qin G, Qin Y, Quan H, Shi B, Sun H, Tang X, Tong N, Wang G, Zhang JA, Wang Y, Xue Y, Yan L, Yang J, Yang L, Yao Y, Ye Z, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Zhu J, Zhu M, Ning G, Mu Y, Zhao J, Shan Z, Teng W. Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Universal Salt Iodization on Thyroid Disorders: Epidemiological Evidence from 31 Provinces of Mainland China. Thyroid. 2020 Apr;30(4):568-579. doi: 10.1089/thy.2019.0067. Epub 2020 Mar 24.

    PMID: 32075540BACKGROUND
  • Sang Z, Chen W, Shen J, Tan L, Zhao N, Liu H, Wen S, Wei W, Zhang G, Zhang W. Long-term exposure to excessive iodine from water is associated with thyroid dysfunction in children. J Nutr. 2013 Dec;143(12):2038-43. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.179135. Epub 2013 Oct 9.

    PMID: 24108132BACKGROUND
  • Lee SY, Pearce EN. Reproductive endocrinology: Iodine intake in pregnancy--even a little excess is too much. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2015 May;11(5):260-1. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2015.28. Epub 2015 Feb 24.

    PMID: 25707780BACKGROUND
  • Bougma K, Aboud FE, Harding KB, Marquis GS. Iodine and mental development of children 5 years old and under: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2013 Apr 22;5(4):1384-416. doi: 10.3390/nu5041384.

    PMID: 23609774BACKGROUND
  • Pearce EN, Lazarus JH, Moreno-Reyes R, Zimmermann MB. Consequences of iodine deficiency and excess in pregnant women: an overview of current knowns and unknowns. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Sep;104 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):918S-23S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.110429. Epub 2016 Aug 17.

    PMID: 27534632BACKGROUND
  • Zimmermann MB, Jooste PL, Mabapa NS, Mbhenyane X, Schoeman S, Biebinger R, Chaouki N, Bozo M, Grimci L, Bridson J. Treatment of iodine deficiency in school-age children increases insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein-3 concentrations and improves somatic growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Feb;92(2):437-42. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-1901. Epub 2006 Nov 21.

    PMID: 17118996BACKGROUND
  • Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Grantham-McGregor S, Katz J, Martorell R, Uauy R; Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013 Aug 3;382(9890):427-451. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X. Epub 2013 Jun 6.

    PMID: 23746772BACKGROUND
  • Harika R, Faber M, Samuel F, Mulugeta A, Kimiywe J, Eilander A. Are Low Intakes and Deficiencies in Iron, Vitamin A, Zinc, and Iodine of Public Health Concern in Ethiopian, Kenyan, Nigerian, and South African Children and Adolescents? Food Nutr Bull. 2017 Sep;38(3):405-427. doi: 10.1177/0379572117715818. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

    PMID: 28682645BACKGROUND
  • Lee J, Kim JH, Lee SY, Lee JH. Iodine status in Korean preschool children as determined by urinary iodine excretion. Eur J Nutr. 2014;53(2):683-8. doi: 10.1007/s00394-013-0558-y. Epub 2013 Jul 24.

    PMID: 23881585BACKGROUND
  • Nakatsuka H, Watanabe T, Shimbo S, Sawatari H, Izumi K, Yaginuma-Sakurai K, Ikeda M. High iodine intake by preschool children in Miyagi prefecture, Japan. Environ Health Prev Med. 2014 Sep;19(5):330-8. doi: 10.1007/s12199-014-0394-6. Epub 2014 Jun 28.

    PMID: 24972786BACKGROUND
  • Wang Y, Cui Y, Chen C, Duan Y, Wu Y, Li W, Zhang D, Li F, Hou C. Stopping the supply of iodized salt alone is not enough to make iodine nutrition suitable for children in higher water iodine areas: A cross-sectional study in northern China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Jan 30;188:109930. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109930. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

    PMID: 31727496BACKGROUND
  • Chen W, Li X, Wu Y, Bian J, Shen J, Jiang W, Tan L, Wang X, Wang W, Pearce EN, Zimmermann MB, Carriquiry AL, Zhang W. Associations between iodine intake, thyroid volume, and goiter rate in school-aged Chinese children from areas with high iodine drinking water concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Jan;105(1):228-233. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.139725. Epub 2016 Dec 7.

    PMID: 27927635BACKGROUND
  • Malvaux P, Beckers C, De Visscher M. Iodine balance studies in nongoitrous children and in adolescents on low iodine intake. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1969 Jan;29(1):79-84. doi: 10.1210/jcem-29-1-79. No abstract available.

    PMID: 5762324BACKGROUND
  • Dold S, Zimmermann MB, Baumgartner J, Davaz T, Galetti V, Braegger C, Andersson M. A dose-response crossover iodine balance study to determine iodine requirements in early infancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Sep;104(3):620-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.134049. Epub 2016 Jul 27.

    PMID: 27465383BACKGROUND
  • Tan L, Tian X, Wang W, Guo X, Sang Z, Li X, Zhang P, Sun Y, Tang C, Xu Z, Shen J, Zhang W. Exploration of the appropriate recommended nutrient intake of iodine in healthy Chinese women: an iodine balance experiment. Br J Nutr. 2019 Mar 14;121(5):519-528. doi: 10.1017/S0007114518003653. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

    PMID: 30526700BACKGROUND
  • Yang L, Wang J, Yang J, Zhang H, Liu X, Mao D, Lu J, Gu Y, Li X, Wang H, Xu J, Tan H, Zhang H, Yu W, Tao X, Fan Y, Cai Q, Liu X, Yang X. An iodine balance study to explore the recommended nutrient intake of iodine in Chinese young adults. Br J Nutr. 2020 Dec 14;124(11):1156-1165. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520002196. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

    PMID: 32624007BACKGROUND
  • RIGGS DS. Quantitative aspects of iodine metabolism in man. Pharmacol Rev. 1952 Sep;4(3):284-370. No abstract available.

    PMID: 12993583BACKGROUND
  • Paul T, Meyers B, Witorsch RJ, Pino S, Chipkin S, Ingbar SH, Braverman LE. The effect of small increases in dietary iodine on thyroid function in euthyroid subjects. Metabolism. 1988 Feb;37(2):121-4. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90004-x.

    PMID: 3340004BACKGROUND
  • Gardner DF, Centor RM, Utiger RD. Effects of low dose oral iodide supplementation on thyroid function in normal men. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1988 Mar;28(3):283-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1988.tb01214.x.

    PMID: 3139337BACKGROUND
  • Sang Z, Wang PP, Yao Z, Shen J, Halfyard B, Tan L, Zhao N, Wu Y, Gao S, Tan J, Liu J, Chen Z, Zhang W. Exploration of the safe upper level of iodine intake in euthyroid Chinese adults: a randomized double-blind trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Feb;95(2):367-73. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.028001. Epub 2011 Dec 28.

    PMID: 22205314BACKGROUND
  • Chen W, Zhang Y, Hao Y, Wang W, Tan L, Bian J, Pearce EN, Zimmermann MB, Shen J, Zhang W. Adverse effects on thyroid of Chinese children exposed to long-term iodine excess: optimal and safe Tolerable Upper Intake Levels of iodine for 7- to 14-y-old children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 May 1;107(5):780-788. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy011.

    PMID: 29722836BACKGROUND
  • Xu T, Ren Z, Li S, Tan L, Zhang W. The relationship of different levels of high iodine and goiter in school children: a meta-analysis. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2021 May 3;18(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12986-021-00563-2.

    PMID: 33941207BACKGROUND
  • DU Y, Gao YH, Feng ZY, Meng FG, Fan LJ, Sun DJ. Serum Thyroglobulin-A Sensitive Biomarker of Iodine Nutrition Status and Affected by Thyroid Abnormalities and Disease in Adult Populations. Biomed Environ Sci. 2017 Jul;30(7):508-516. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.067.

    PMID: 28756810BACKGROUND
  • Andersen S, Noahsen P, Westergaard L, Laurberg P. Reliability of thyroglobulin in serum compared with urinary iodine when assessing individual and population iodine nutrition status. Br J Nutr. 2017 Feb;117(3):441-449. doi: 10.1017/S0007114517000162. Epub 2017 Feb 22.

    PMID: 28222819BACKGROUND
  • Farebrother J, Zimmermann MB, Assey V, Castro MC, Cherkaoui M, Fingerhut R, Jia Q, Jukic T, Makokha A, San Luis TO, Wegmuller R, Andersson M. Thyroglobulin Is Markedly Elevated in 6- to 24-Month-Old Infants at Both Low and High Iodine Intakes and Suggests a Narrow Optimal Iodine Intake Range. Thyroid. 2019 Feb;29(2):268-277. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0321.

    PMID: 30648484BACKGROUND
  • Stinca S, Andersson M, Erhardt J, Zimmermann MB. Development and Validation of a New Low-Cost Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Serum and Dried Blood Spot Thyroglobulin. Thyroid. 2015 Dec;25(12):1297-305. doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0428. Epub 2015 Dec 1.

    PMID: 26528830BACKGROUND
  • Chen W, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Wang W, Wang X, Pearce EN, Tan L, Shen J, Zhang W. Shift of Reference Values for Thyroid Volume by Ultrasound in 8- to 13-Year-Olds with Sufficient Iodine Intake in China. Thyroid. 2019 Mar;29(3):405-411. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0412.

    PMID: 30696370BACKGROUND

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITHOUT DNA

1. A 7-day iodine balance experiment was conducted in pre-school age children with insufficient iodine nutrition. Dietary intervention with different iodine intake, daily food and drinking iodine intake was accurately measured by double meal method, and 24-h urine and feces were collected for the measurement of iodine excretion 2. The epidemiological survey of preschool children aged 3-6 years was carried out in high water iodine areas of Shandong Province, the iodine intake was accurately assessed through dietary survey and 24-h urine samples, and the thyroid volume, thyroglobulin and growth and development were measured to evaluate the effect of long-term high iodine exposure on preschool children

Study Officials

  • xiao ming Wang

    Shandong Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Research

    STUDY CHAIR
  • dong An

    Tianjin Children's Hospital

    STUDY CHAIR
  • fang Fang

    Tianjin Medical University

    STUDY CHAIR
  • na Sai

    Tianjin Medical University

    STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
OTHER
Time Perspective
CROSS SECTIONAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
associate professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 26, 2023

First Posted

October 10, 2023

Study Start

May 5, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2026

Last Updated

October 10, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-10

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations