Effects of Board Games on Balance in Association With Cognition in Community-Dwelling Elderly.

NCT06047769 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: REC01539 Muhammad Ammar
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 64
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

As age progress incidence of fall increases. Cognitively impaired patients have poor balance and they are more prone to falls. Balance and cognitive functions are co-related in middle-aged and community-dwelling elderly. In fact age-related cognitive decline as the brain ages it has exceptional neuroplasticity. To maintain balance and prevent falls various cognitive processes are required. Board games can be used as tools for cognitive training as they have the means to restore and form motor skills, cognitive functioning, and logical and spatial thinking. Cognitive training using simple games might improve the elements of balance and gait, and prevent falls.

Conditions

Geriatric Population

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

  A testing tool with high validity ( 0.93) and reliability (0.98) was used to measure balance in the elderly. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a valid tool. The total score for the BBS is 56 and a higher score means good balance. It will be measured at baseline, 4th week and 8th week.

  Baseline

• Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

  A testing tool with high validity ( 0.93) and reliability (0.98) was used to measure balance in the elderly. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a valid tool. The total score for the BBS is 56 and a higher score means good balance. It will be measured at baseline, 4th week and 8th week.

  After 4 weeks

• Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

  A testing tool with high validity ( 0.93) and reliability (0.98) was used to measure balance in the elderly. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a valid tool. The total score for the BBS is 56 and a higher score means good balance. It will be measured at baseline, 4th week and 8th week.

  After 8 weeks

• Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)

  A set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory) with reliability of (0.98) and reliability (0.77). The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is a valid tool. It will be measured at baseline, 4th week and 8th week. The total score for the MMSE is 30 and a higher score means good cognition.

  Baseline

• Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)

  A set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory) with reliability of (0.98) and reliability (0.77). The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is a valid tool. It will be measured at baseline, 4th week and 8th week. The total score for the MMSE is 30 and a higher score means good cognition.

  After 4 weeks

• Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)

  A set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory) with reliability of (0.98) and reliability (0.77). The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is a valid tool. It will be measured at baseline, 4th week and 8th week. The total score for the MMSE is 30 and a higher score means good cognition.

  After 8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (6)

• Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)

  Baseline

• Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)

  After 4 weeks

• Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)

  After 8 weeks

• Timed Up & Go test (TUG)

  Baseline

• Timed Up & Go test (TUG)

  After 4 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Interventional Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive cognitive training in board games including Ludo, Chutes \& Ladder and Chess with both single and multiplayer modes. After 1 week of training, participants will receive intervention of 1 hour per day, three days a week for 8 weeks completing a total of 1440 minutes. With this technique, we will target the cognitive process of information processing, speed and executive function of the patient.

Other: Board Games

Control group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants will receive no intervention and will be observed for 8 weeks.

Interventions

Board Games OTHER

Participants will receive cognitive training in board games including Ludo, Chutes \& Ladder and Chess with both single and multiplayer modes. After 1 week of training, participants will receive intervention of 1 hour per day, three days a week for 8 weeks completing a total of 1440 minutes. With this technique, we will target the cognitive process of information processing, speed and executive function of the patient.

Interventional Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Males and Female participants aged 60 years or older.
• Score of 26 or more on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
• At least one self-reported fall within the last 2 years or (BBS) score less than 52 and more than 41.
• Subjects who are willing to commit to the time commitments required by the program.

You may not qualify if:

• Presence of any physical limitation that may limit hand movement.
• Presence of a severe walking or balance impairment For Example; (Amputation, or Fracture at that time.)
• Self-reported presence of vertigo
• Any visual disease
• Currently using psychotropic medications.
• Presence of any neurological disorder

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

ABID Hospital

Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Smith-Ray RL, Hughes SL, Prohaska TR, Little DM, Jurivich DA, Hedeker D. Impact of Cognitive Training on Balance and Gait in Older Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2015 May;70(3):357-66. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbt097. Epub 2013 Nov 5.

  PMID: 24192586 BACKGROUND

• Smith-Ray RL, Makowski-Woidan B, Hughes SL. A randomized trial to measure the impact of a community-based cognitive training intervention on balance and gait in cognitively intact Black older adults. Health Educ Behav. 2014 Oct;41(1 Suppl):62S-9S. doi: 10.1177/1090198114537068.

  PMID: 25274713 BACKGROUND

• Willis SL, Tennstedt SL, Marsiske M, Ball K, Elias J, Koepke KM, Morris JN, Rebok GW, Unverzagt FW, Stoddard AM, Wright E; ACTIVE Study Group. Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. JAMA. 2006 Dec 20;296(23):2805-14. doi: 10.1001/jama.296.23.2805.

  PMID: 17179457 BACKGROUND

• Noda S, Shirotsuki K, Nakao M. The effectiveness of intervention with board games: a systematic review. Biopsychosoc Med. 2019 Oct 21;13:22. doi: 10.1186/s13030-019-0164-1. eCollection 2019.

  PMID: 31641371 BACKGROUND

• Smith GE, Housen P, Yaffe K, Ruff R, Kennison RF, Mahncke HW, Zelinski EM. A cognitive training program based on principles of brain plasticity: results from the Improvement in Memory with Plasticity-based Adaptive Cognitive Training (IMPACT) study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Apr;57(4):594-603. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02167.x. Epub 2009 Feb 9.

  PMID: 19220558 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Imran Amjad, PhD

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 14, 2023
• First Posted: September 21, 2023
• Study Start: September 22, 2023
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2023
• Study Completion: January 30, 2024
• Last Updated: May 21, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)