Effects of Exergames and Resistance Training

NCT05920577 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Frailty_2023
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Frailty is a common geriatric condition with significantly increased vulnerability to stress and susceptibility of negative health-related outcomes. Sacropenia and impaired cognitive function are two major contributors to frailty. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the combined use of exergaming and resistance training in improving the frailty of nursing home residents.

Conditions

Frailty; Sacropenia; Cognition; Mood; Mobility

Keywords

Nursing home residents; Frailty; Sacropenia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (15)

• Muscle quantity, higher score means better muscle quantity

  Will be assessed using a bioelectrical impedance measurement

  T1: baseline (before the study begins)

• Change from baseline muscle quantity at 6 weeks, higher score means better muscle quantity

  Will be assessed using a bioelectrical impedance measurement

  T2: mid-intervention (week 6)

• Change from baseline muscle quantity at 12 weeks, higher score means better muscle quantity

  Will be assessed using a bioelectrical impedance measurement

  T3: post-intervention (week 12)

• Change from baseline muscle quantity at 16 weeks, higher score means better muscle quantity

  Will be assssed using a bioelectrical impedance measurement

  T4: 1 month follow up (week 16)

• Change from baseline muscle quantity at 24 weeks, higher score means better muscle quantity

  Will be assssed using a bioelectrical impedance measurement

  T5: 3 months follow up (week 24)

• Muscle strength, higher score means better muscle strength

  Will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer

  T1: baseline (before the study begins)

• Change from baseline muscle strength at 6 weeks, higher score means better muscle strength

  Will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer

  T2: mid-intervention (week 6)

• Change from baseline muscle strength at 12 weeks, higher score means better muscle strength

  Will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer

  T3: post-intervention (week 12)

• Change from baseline muscle strength at 16 weeks, higher score means better muscle strength

  Will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer

  T4: 1 month follow up (week 16)

• Change from baseline muscle strength at 24 weeks, higher score means better muscle strength

  Will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer

  T5: 3 months follow up (week 24)

• Lower Extremity functions, score ranged from 0-12, higher scores mean better lower extremity functions

  Will be assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery

  T1: baseline (before the study begins)

• Change from baseline lower extremity functions at 6 weeks, score ranged from 0-12, higher scores mean better lower extremity functions

  Will be assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery

  T2: mid-intervention (week 6)

• Change from baseline lower extremity functions at 12 weeks, score ranged from 0-12, higher scores mean better lower extremity functions

  Will be assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery

  T3: post-intervention (week 12)

• Change from baseline lower extremity functions at 16 weeks, score ranged from 0-12, higher scores mean better lower extremity functions

  Will be assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery

  T4: 1 month follow up (week 16)

• Change from baseline lower extremity functions at 24 weeks, score ranged from 0-12, higher scores mean better lower extremity functions

  Will be assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery

  T5: 3 months follow up (week 24)

Secondary Outcomes (20)

• Cognitive function, higher score means better cognitive function, score ranged from 0 - 30, higher scores mean better cognition

  T1: baseline (before the study begins)

• Change from baseline cognitive function at 6 weeks, higher score means better cognitive function, score ranged from 0 - 30, higher scores mean better cognition

  T2: mid-intervention (week 6)

• Change from baseline cognitive function at 12 weeks, higher score means better cognitive function, score ranged from 0 - 30, higher scores mean better cognition

  T3: post-intervention (week 12)

• Change from baseline cognitive function at 16 weeks, higher score means better cognitive function, score ranged from 0 - 30, higher scores mean better cognition

  T4: 1 month follow up (week 16)

• Change from baseline cognitive function at 24 weeks, higher score means better cognitive function, score ranged from 0 - 30, higher scores mean better cognition

  T5: 3 months follow up (week 24)

Study Arms (2)

Exergames and resistance training group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive exergaming and resistance training programme over a period of 12 weeks

Other: exergames and resistance training

Resistance training group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will receive resistance training programme over a period of 12 weeks

Other: Resistance training

Interventions

exergames and resistance training OTHER

In each session, the participants will receive 40 minutes of combined use of exergaming and resistance training. The participants will practice the exergames using the gaming system Nintendo Switch (Nintendo Co., Ltd, Kyoto, Japan). The gaming software "Nintendo Switch Sports" will be adopted in which arrays of exergames are available to strengthen both the upper and lower extremity muscle and improve the balance ability of participants. The exergaming programme will consist of both upper (badminton game and tennis game) and lower (soccer game) extremity games. For week 1 and 2, the participants will first practice 1-minute warm up exercise (stretching exercises) and then the 3 exergames. For week 3 to 12, the participants will receive the same warm up exercise and exergames as if week 1 and 2 but there will be an addition of light cuff weight for resistance training.

Exergames and resistance training group

Resistance training OTHER

The resistance training programme consists of 2 parts, the upper limb and lower limb resistance exercises. For the upper limb resistance exercises, the participants will first practice 5-minute warm up of upper limb using ergometer and then undergo 2 resistance exercises, including handgrip and elbow flexion. For the lower limb exercise, the participants will also first practice 5-minute warm up of lower limb using ergometer and then undergo 3 resistance exercises, including squatting, single-leg standing and knee extension.

Resistance training group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years - 90 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• living in a nursing home
• fulfilled 1, 2 or 3 Fried Criteria of frailty
• score ≥7 of 10 on the Chinese version of the Abbreviated Mental Test
• able to follow the instructions of assessment and intervention

You may not qualify if:

• involved in any drug or other clinical trials
• having any additional medical conditions (such as epilepsy)
• unable to walk independently without the use of walking aids
• having any other conditions that will hinder the assessment and intervention (e.g.,visual/audio impairment could not be corrected by glasses/hearing aids etc).

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Hong Kong Metropolitan University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Jockey club Institute of Health

Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Frailty

Interventions

Exergaming; Resistance Training

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Conditioning, Human

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: After the baseline assessment, all eligible participants will be allocated randomly in a 1:1 ratio to either (1) experimental group which received exergaming and resistance training over a period of 12 weeks, or (2) control group which received resistance training over a period of 12 weeks. The research assistant, who is responsible for allocation, is independent from the data collection and anslysis, and the intervention. The participants will be reminded not to disclose information related to group allocation to the assessors to prevent possible bias during measurement. All assessments will be performed by an assessor who is blinded to the group allocation and not involved in the delivery of the intervention.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Model Details: This pilot randomised controlled trial will conduct in a nursing home starting from Aug 2023 in Hong Kong

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 17, 2023
• First Posted: June 27, 2023
• Study Start: April 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2024
• Study Completion: May 30, 2025
• Last Updated: September 18, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-09

Locations

HK (1)