Effect of Dairy on Cognitive Performance in Children

NCT05767983 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Temp ID
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 54
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of dairy consumption on short-term cognitive performance, subjective mood and emotions, and glycemic response in healthy children aged 9 - 14 years. The investigators hypothesize that the consumption of dairy products as a mid-morning snack will improve mood and cognitive performance in children. Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize that all dairy products consumed as a mid-morning snack will imbue more benefits on mood and cognitive performance over 2-hours compared to fruit juice or snack skipping.

Conditions

Children; Healthy

Keywords

Cognitive performance; Appetite; Mood; Glycemic response; Emotions; Dairy consumption

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Learning and short-term memory

  Cognitive performance tests will be administered via a Dell tablet (Millisecond, Inquisit Web) and paper/pen. Learning and short-term memory will be assessed using an immediate and delayed Word Recall Test (accuracy).

  Change from baseline (measured at 0-minutes before treatment) and at 15-minutes, 30-minutes, 60-minutes and 120-minutes post-treatment consumption

• Spatial working memory

  Cognitive performance tests will be administered via a Dell tablet (Millisecond, Inquisit Web) and paper/pen. Spatial working memory will be assessed using the forward and backward versions of the Corsi Block Test (accuracy).

  Change from baseline (measured at 0-minutes before treatment) and at 15-minutes, 30-minutes, 60-minutes and 120-minutes post-treatment consumption

• Sustained attention

  Cognitive performance tests will be administered via a Dell tablet (Millisecond, Inquisit Web) and paper/pen. Sustained attention and processing speed will be assessed using the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) (accuracy and reaction time).

  Change from baseline (measured at 0-minutes before treatment) and at 15-minutes, 30-minutes, 60-minutes and 120-minutes post-treatment consumption

• Executive function

  Cognitive performance tests will be administered via a Dell tablet (Millisecond, Inquisit Web) and paper/pen. Executive function and selective attention will be assessed using the Flanker Task (accuracy and reaction time).

  Change from baseline (measured at 0-minutes before treatment) and at 15-minutes, 30-minutes, 60-minutes and 120-minutes post-treatment consumption

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Glycemic response

  Change from baseline (measured at 0-minutes before treatment) and 15-minutes, 30-minutes, 45-minutes, 60-minutes, 75-minutes, 90-minutes, 105-minutes and 120-minutes post-treatment consumption

• Subjective mood and emotion

  Change from baseline (measured at 0-minutes before treatment) and at 15-minutes, 30-minutes, 60-minutes and 120-minutes post-treatment consumption

Study Arms (5)

Fat-free milk

EXPERIMENTAL

Treatment

Other: Fat-free milk

Fat-free yogurt

EXPERIMENTAL

Treatment

Other: Fat-free yogurt

Low-fat cheese

EXPERIMENTAL

Treatment

Other: Low-fat cheese

Fruit juice

EXPERIMENTAL

Treatment

Other: Fruit juice

Snack skipping

EXPERIMENTAL

Treatment

Other: Snack skipping

Interventions

Fat-free milk OTHER

Fat-free milk (500 mL, skim, 0%, Lactantia PurFiltre) will provide 180 kcal, 0 g fat, 26 g carbohydrate, and 18 g protein. Treatments matched for calories (180 kcal).

Fat-free milk

Fat-free yogurt OTHER

Fat-free yogurt (242 g, vanilla, 0% Greek, Oikos) will provide 180 kcal, 0 g fat, 23.5 g carbohydrate, and 19.4 g protein. Treatments matched for calories (180 kcal).

Fat-free yogurt

Low-fat cheese OTHER

Low-fat cheese (60 g, mild marble cheddar, 40% less fat, Selection) will provide 180 kcal, 10 g fat, 2 g carbohydrate, and 16 g protein. Treatments matched for calories (180 kcal).

Low-fat cheese

Fruit juice OTHER

Fruit juice (450 mL, Fruité® Fruit Punch) will provide 180 kcal, 0 g fat, 46.8 g carbohydrate, and 0 g protein. Treatments matched for calories (180 kcal).

Fruit juice

Snack skipping OTHER

Water control treatment (no caloric contribution). Matched for volume (500 mL) to fat-free milk treatment.

Snack skipping

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 9 Years - 14 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• to 14 years of age;
• Normal weight defined as between the 15th and 80th percentile for age and biological sex at birth according to the World Health Organization growth (WHO) charts.

You may not qualify if:

• Children with overweight/ obesity;
• Children with food sensitivities or allergies to dairy, gluten or any foods used in the study;
• Children with any diagnosed learning, emotional, or behavioural disabilities;
• Children taking any medications that may influence cognitive performance.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Toronto Metropolitan University: lead
• Dairy Management Inc.: collaborator
• National Dairy Council: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Centre for Urban Innovation (CUI-109), Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University)

Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada

Location

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Fruit and Vegetable Juices

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Beverages; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Officials

• Nick Bellissimo, PhD

  Toronto Metropolitan University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 23, 2022
• First Posted: March 14, 2023
• Study Start: October 18, 2022
• Primary Completion: October 31, 2023
• Study Completion: October 31, 2023
• Last Updated: July 18, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

CA (1)