Coupons for Safe Water Project

NCT05766826 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: DILChlorine Coupons Project
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 3,468
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 2

Brief Summary

Guaranteeing access to safe drinking water is still a challenge in rural households in developing countries, and unsafe water sources are responsible for millions of deaths each year around the world. Coupons for free dilute chlorine solution are a cost-effective and effective way of ameliorating child health and reducing diarrhea incidence. It is still an empirical challenge, however, to see if the positive health effects will be maintained when the program is implemented at scale. In this study, investigators conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) at scale to study the impacts of a chlorine coupon program implemented at health clinics on child health, including self-reported diarrhea, fever, and cough incidence in the previous two weeks. Investigators further investigate the pathway of the impact, such as self-reported and objectively measured use of chlorine and frequency of visits to health clinics.

Conditions

Death; Death, Infant; Diarrhea; Diarrhea, Infantile; Water-Borne Infectious Disease; Water-Related Diseases

Keywords

Child health; Child mortality; Chlorine; Safe water; Targeting; Coupons; RCT; East Africa; Kenya

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Verified chlorine usage - 6 months

  Presence of free chlorine residual in the drinking water, as observed through water testing using chlorine test strips. Households with a non-zero concentration of residual chlorine are considered to have treated their water.

  The study will measure the presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water 6 months after the program launch.

• Verified chlorine usage - 12 months

  Presence of free chlorine residual in the drinking water, as observed through water testing using chlorine test strips. Households with a non-zero concentration of residual chlorine are considered to have treated their water.

  The study will measure the presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water 12 months after the program launch.

• Verified chlorine usage - 18 months

  Presence of free chlorine residual in the drinking water, as observed through water testing using chlorine test strips. Households with a non-zero concentration of residual chlorine are considered to have treated their water.

  The study will measure the presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water 18 months after the program launch.

• Verified chlorine usage - 24 months

  Presence of free chlorine residual in the drinking water, as observed through water testing using chlorine test strips. Households with a non-zero concentration of residual chlorine are considered to have treated their water.

  The study will measure the presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water 24 months after the program launch.

• Verified chlorine usage - 30 months

  Presence of free chlorine residual in the drinking water, as observed through water testing using chlorine test strips. Households with a non-zero concentration of residual chlorine are considered to have treated their water.

  The study will measure the presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water 30 months after the program launch.

• Verified chlorine usage - 36 months

  Presence of free chlorine residual in the drinking water, as observed through water testing using chlorine test strips. Households with a non-zero concentration of residual chlorine are considered to have treated their water.

  The study will measure the presence of free chlorine residual in drinking water 36 months after the program launch.

Secondary Outcomes (12)

• Child morbidity - 6 months

  The study assesses child morbidity 6 months after the program launch.

• Child morbidity - 12 months

  The study assesses child morbidity 12 months after the program launch.

• Child morbidity - 18 months

  The study assesses child morbidity 18 months after the program launch.

• Child morbidity - 24 months

  The study assesses child morbidity 24 months after the program launch.

• Child morbidity - 30 months

  The study assesses child morbidity 30 months after the program launch.

Study Arms (2)

Treatment Arm

EXPERIMENTAL

After enrollment over a phone call, they receive a SMS text message with an ID number to receive their coupons at the health facility. Those coupons can be used to redeem WaterGuard 150mL dilute chlorine. Participants in this group will receive a packet of coupons that ensure a monthly supply of a150ml bottle of dilute chlorine solution for at least the next 12 months. These coupons are redeemable in health facilities and other sites registered for the study.

Other: Coupons for safe water program: Treatment

Control Arm

EXPERIMENTAL

After enrollment over a phone call, they will not be contacted.

Other: Coupons for safe water program: Control

Interventions

Coupons for safe water program: Treatment OTHER

Randomly selected women in the treatment group will receive coupons for free chlorine solutions to be redeemed at the health facility each month.

Treatment Arm

Coupons for safe water program: Control OTHER

Randomly selected women in the treatment group will not receive coupons for free chlorine solutions after enrollment.

Control Arm

Eligibility Criteria

• Gender Eligibility Details: The recruitment takes place at health facility targeting women visiting health facilities for antenatal care, postnatal care, and other reasons. This study recruits currently pregnant women.
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Currently pregnant women
• Women living inside Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) catchment areas.

You may not qualify if:

• \- Women who do not consent.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Chicago: lead
• Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab: collaborator
• Kenya Medical Research Institute: collaborator

Study Sites (2)

Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS sites)

Kisumu, Kenya

RECRUITING

Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) sites

Siaya, Kenya

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Death; Infant Death; Diarrhea; Diarrhea, Infantile; Waterborne Diseases

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms, Digestive; Signs and Symptoms; Infections

Study Officials

• Michael Kremer, PhD

  University of Chicago

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Pascaline Dupas, PhD

  Stanford University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Elisa M Maffioli, PhD

  University of Michigan

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Akito Kamei, PhD

  University of Chicago

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Sammy Khagayi, PhD

  Kenya Medical Research Institute

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Akito Kamei, PhD

CONTACT

+12172006188; akamei@uchicago.edu

Elisa M Maffioli, PhD

CONTACT

elisamaf@umich.edu

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: This study will conduct individual randomization, assigning half of the women to receive coupons and the other half to the control group as we enroll.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 2, 2023
• First Posted: March 13, 2023
• Study Start: February 21, 2023
• Primary Completion: February 28, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): October 1, 2026
• Last Updated: March 13, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Time Frame: After the completion of the whole study
• Access Criteria: The de-identified data will be deposited in the public server

Locations

KE (2)