Impacts of Wild Blueberries on Appetite and Weight Regulation

NCT05736432 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: HS-2023-001
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The objective is to complete a two-phase study to assess how wild blueberries impact regulation of appetite of overweight and obese men and women as well as to determine if wild blueberries can promote more effective weight loss than an isocaloric control. For phase I, the acute effects of consuming 1-cup of frozen wild blueberries mixed into ¾ C of low-fat yogurt will be compared to consuming an isocaloric serving of yogurt mixed with an artificially flavored and colored blueberry syrup. During acute testing, subjective ratings of appetite, glucose metabolism, and appetite-regulating hormones will be assessed. Phase II will consist of an 8-week feeding trial in which the same subjects will consume daily servings of yogurt mixed with either frozen wild blueberries or placebo syrup along with intensive counseling for weight loss. The hypothesis is that wild blueberries will reduce hunger by regulating appetite hormones and promoting beneficial glycemic and insulinemic responses and that daily consumption of wild blueberries will translate to improved adherence to a weight loss regimen and therefore greater weight and fat loss. Secondary aims for Phase II of this project will include exploring the impacts of blueberry consumption during weight loss on antioxidant status, inflammatory markers, blood lipid profiles, glucose status, dietary intake, physical activity and blood pressure.

Conditions

Obesity; Weight Loss

Keywords

Blueberries; Yogurt; Weight loss; Appetite

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (12)

• Plasma Glucose

  fasted

  8 weeks

• Total Cholesterol

  Total Cholesterol

  8 weeks

• Triglycerides

  Triglycerides

  8 weeks

• HDL-Cholesterol

  HDL-Cholesterol

  8 weeks

• Insulin

  Insulin

  8 weeks

• Ghrelin

  Ghrelin

  8 weeks

• Pancreatic peptide

  Pancreatic peptide

  8 weeks

• C-Reactive Protein

  C-Reactive Protein

  8 weeks

• Total Antioxidant Capacity

  Colorimetric assay kit using blood serum

  8 weeks

• Blood Pressure

  Systolic and Diastolic

  8 weeks

• Body Composition

  Daily via bioimpedance Wifi Scales

  8 weeks

• Body Composition

  dual x-ray absorptiometry

  8 weeks

Study Arms (4)

Blueberries-Phase I

EXPERIMENTAL

feeding will consist of 1 C frozen wild blueberries along with ¾ C low-fat Mountain High yogurt (total energy intake=170 kcal)

Dietary Supplement: Blueberries

Syrup-Phase I

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

feeding will consist of an isocaloric feeding of ¾ C yogurt mixed with artificially flavored and colored blueberry syrup (Torani)

Dietary Supplement: Placebo

Blueberries-Phase II

EXPERIMENTAL

1 C frozen wild blueberries along with ¾ C low-fat Mountain High yogurt (total energy intake=170 kcal) along with a) dietary intervention, b) daily text messaging, and c) daily at-home weighing with a WiFi-enabled scale

Dietary Supplement: Blueberries

Syrup-Phase II

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

isocaloric feeding of ¾ C yogurt mixed with artificially flavored and colored blueberry syrup (Torani) along with a) dietary intervention, b) daily text messaging, and c) daily at-home weighing with a WiFi-enabled scale

Dietary Supplement: Placebo

Interventions

Blueberries DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Experimental condition

Blueberries-Phase I; Blueberries-Phase II

Placebo DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Placebo condition

Syrup-Phase I; Syrup-Phase II

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Overweight or Obese (BMI 25-40)

You may not qualify if:

• Pregnancy
• Smoking
• \>5 kg wt fluctuation in the past 3 months
• exercising \> 2 times per week
• Medical conditions or medications that may affect body weight, metabolism, other outcome measures
• Allergy to blueberries or yogurt
• Already eating blueberries more than twice weekly
• Consumption of \>50 g/d alcohol

Sponsors & Collaborators

• San Diego State University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Mark Kern, PhD, RD

San Diego, California, 92182-7251, United States

Location

Related Publications (8)

• Stote K, Corkum A, Sweeney M, Shakerley N, Kean T, Gottschall-Pass K. Postprandial Effects of Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) Consumption on Glucose Metabolism, Gastrointestinal Hormone Response, and Perceived Appetite in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Nutrients. 2019 Jan 19;11(1):202. doi: 10.3390/nu11010202.

  PMID: 30669469 BACKGROUND

• Molan AL, Lila MA, Mawson J. Satiety in rats following blueberry extract consumption induced by appetite-suppressing mechanisms unrelated to in vitro or in vivo antioxidant capacity. Food Chemistry. 2008 Apr 1;107(3):1039-44.

  BACKGROUND

• James LJ, Funnell MP, Milner S. An afternoon snack of berries reduces subsequent energy intake compared to an isoenergetic confectionary snack. Appetite. 2015 Dec;95:132-7. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.005. Epub 2015 Jul 7.

  PMID: 26162950 BACKGROUND

• DeFuria J, Bennett G, Strissel KJ, Perfield JW 2nd, Milbury PE, Greenberg AS, Obin MS. Dietary blueberry attenuates whole-body insulin resistance in high fat-fed mice by reducing adipocyte death and its inflammatory sequelae. J Nutr. 2009 Aug;139(8):1510-6. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.105155. Epub 2009 Jun 10.

  PMID: 19515743 BACKGROUND

• Elks CM, Terrebonne JD, Ingram DK, Stephens JM. Blueberries improve glucose tolerance without altering body composition in obese postmenopausal mice. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Mar;23(3):573-80. doi: 10.1002/oby.20926. Epub 2015 Jan 22.

  PMID: 25611327 BACKGROUND

• Nair AR, Elks CM, Vila J, Del Piero F, Paulsen DB, Francis J. A blueberry-enriched diet improves renal function and reduces oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome animals: potential mechanism of TLR4-MAPK signaling pathway. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 5;9(11):e111976. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111976. eCollection 2014.

  PMID: 25372283 BACKGROUND

• Roopchand DE, Kuhn P, Rojo LE, Lila MA, Raskin I. Blueberry polyphenol-enriched soybean flour reduces hyperglycemia, body weight gain and serum cholesterol in mice. Pharmacol Res. 2013 Feb;68(1):59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.11.008. Epub 2012 Dec 4.

  PMID: 23220243 BACKGROUND

• Seymour EM, Tanone II, Urcuyo-Llanes DE, Lewis SK, Kirakosyan A, Kondoleon MG, Kaufman PB, Bolling SF. Blueberry intake alters skeletal muscle and adipose tissue peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activity and reduces insulin resistance in obese rats. J Med Food. 2011 Dec;14(12):1511-8. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0292. Epub 2011 Aug 23.

  PMID: 21861718 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Weight Loss

Interventions

blueberry extract

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Body Weight Changes

Study Officials

• Shirin Hooshmand, PhD, RD

  San Diego State University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 9, 2023
• First Posted: February 21, 2023
• Study Start: March 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: November 1, 2024
• Study Completion: February 1, 2025
• Last Updated: February 21, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)