Comparison of the Effects of External Focus and Internal Focus Instructions Applied Chronic Low Back Pain: RCT

NCT05722457 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: 0000-0003-0145-3565
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 44
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Postural control methods are impaired in people with chronic low back pain. While the person maintains balance with pain relief, fear of movement and pain increase with loss of balance. It was found that externally focused exercises are more effective than internal focus exercises in terms of motor control and motor learning. To investigate the place of externally focused balance exercises in conservative treatment of target low back pain. For this purpose, approval was obtained from the clinical research ethics committee of Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Medicine, with the decision numbered 2022-18/163.

Conditions

Physical Therapy Techniques

Keywords

Physical Therapy; low back pain,; external focus

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Pain level Individuals are asked to indicate the degree of pain they have on the VAS scale numbered from 0 to 10 on a straight line, with "0" being no pain and "10" being the most severe pain.

  The units included in the study are the use of VAS (Visual Analog Scale) for the presence and burden of low back pain. At the beginning and end of each start-up, the presence and effect of pain is asked and taken away. The reason for preferring these variables VAS is that they have high validity and reliability. Individuals are asked to indicate the degree of pain they have on the VAS scale numbered from 0 to 10 on a straight line, with "0" being no pain and "10" being the most severe pain.

  8 weeks

• Evaluation of Functional Status (Oswestry Disability Index) Physical functions .The result is calculated with the formula "patient's score / probable maximum score X 100". Each question has an answer rating from 0 to 5.

  Oswestry Disability Scale Evaluation of Physical Function Evaluation of Functional Status (Oswestry Disability Index) Physical functions will be evaluated with the Oswestry low back pain scale. It is a very common scale compiled to evaluate the general condition of the low back in patients with low back pain. Scoring of the answered questions is carried out by adding the numbers next to the checked box. Each question has an answer rating from 0 to 5. The maximum score can be 50 if the individual has answered each question. The result is calculated with the formula "patient's score / probable maximum score X 100"

  8 weeks

• The Physical Performance Level

  The physical performance test battery includes the following tests: lumbar flexion range of motion, walking fifty steps, walking for 5 minutes, sitting and standing with 5 repetitions, trunk flexion with 10 repetitions, and reaching forward with weight.

  8 weeks

• Balance

  The Biodex stability system (Biodex Medical System Inc., NY, USA, Model SW4530DE6N, SD 950304) was used to assess static and dynamic balance, fall risk, and the limit of stability

  8 weeks

• Assessment of Posture, Spinal Mobility, and Postural Endurance Spinal Mobilite

  Spinal posture, spinal mobility, and postural competence were measured with a computer-assisted wireless Spinal Mouse device (the Spinal Mouse System, Idiag, Fehraltorf, Switzerland). By moving the Spinal Mouse device on the spine with its wheel, it measures the length of the spine, posture, and joint movements and transfers this sequence to the computer environment. Trunk flexion posture was recorded for spinal mobility. Upright posture was measured for the postural endurance (competence) values, and then, after holding a weight of 5% of the person's body weight between the hands parallel to the shoulder level for 30 seconds, the upright posture was re-measured while the weight was still in the person's hand.

  8 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Investigation of the Effects of External Focused Ex. on Functionality in Individuals

OTHER

Sub-branches of the study are planned as Investigation of the Effects of External Focused Dynamic Balance Training on Functionality in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain. Sub-branches of the study are planned as Investigation of the Effects of External Focused Dynamic Balance Training on Functionality in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain.

Other: external focus task focus in addition to physiotherapy and rehabilitation exercises

Investigation of the Effects of İnternal Focused Ex. on Functionality in Individuals

OTHER

Sub-branches of the study are planned as Investigation of the Effects of internal Focused Dynamic Balance Training on Functionality in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain. Sub-branches of the study are planned as Investigation of the Effects of İnternal Focused Dynamic Balance Training on Functionality in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain.

Other: internal focus task focus in addition to physiotherapy and rehabilitation exercises

Interventions

external focus task focus in addition to physiotherapy and rehabilitation exercises OTHER

The first study on the external focus was made in 1998 by Wulf, Ho ¨ß, \& Prinz, (1998). Focusing on the inside of the body while performing a movement is called "internal (internal focus)", focusing on the outside of the body is called "external (external focus)". Previous studies have shown that external focus is substantially more effective than internal focus in the performance of a movement.

Also known as: ext focus

Investigation of the Effects of External Focused Ex. on Functionality in Individuals

internal focus task focus in addition to physiotherapy and rehabilitation exercises OTHER

he first study on the external focus was made in 1998 by Wulf, Ho ¨ß, \& Prinz, (1998). Focusing on the inside of the body while performing a movement is called "internal (internal focus)", focusing on the outside of the body is called "external (external focus)". Previous studies have shown that external focus is substantially more effective than internal focus in the performance of a movement.

Also known as: internal focus

Investigation of the Effects of İnternal Focused Ex. on Functionality in Individuals

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Those with ongoing low back pain symptoms in the last three months (diagnosed with chronic low back pain),
• Individuals between the ages of 18-65
• Pain level 3 or more according to VAS
• Individuals who volunteer to participate in the study will be included.

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals with lower extremity and spine orthopedic and neurological disorders,
• Having a musculoskeletal injury in the last 9 months,
• Surgery, injection, etc. for low back pain in the last 3 months. with a history of treatment
• Those who are doing any sports activity,

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi: lead

Study Sites (1)

Kirşehir Ahi Evran Univercity

Kırşehir, Kirşehi̇r, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Wulf G, Lauterbach B, Toole T. The learning advantages of an external focus of attention in golf. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1999 Jun;70(2):120-6. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1999.10608029.

  PMID: 10380243 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Low Back Pain

Interventions

Exercise Therapy

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Back Pain; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities

Study Officials

• anıl özüdoğru

  Kırşehir Ahi Evran University School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitationaozudogru@hotmail.com

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: the participant and evaluator do not know who the groups are
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Research Assistant/Araştırma Görevlisi

Model Details: 2 groups will be formed using the random randomization model

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 30, 2022
• First Posted: February 10, 2023
• Study Start: March 5, 2023
• Primary Completion: June 15, 2023
• Study Completion: July 20, 2023
• Last Updated: November 1, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)