NCT05686850

Brief Summary

In intensive care units (ICUs), around 20% of patients experience respiratory failure after planned extubation. Nearly 40-50% of them eventually require reintubation with subsequently high mortality rates reaching 30-40%. NIV used as rescue therapy to treat post-extubation respiratory failure could increase the risk of death. However, NIV may avoid reintubation in a number of cases, and recent large-scale clinical trials on extubation have shown that around 40 to 50% of patients with post-extubation respiratory failure are actually treated with NIV. Whereas high-flow nasal oxygen has never been specifically studied for management of post-extubation respiratory failure, this respiratory support could also in this setting constitute an alternative to standard oxygen or NIV. Given the best noninvasive respiratory support strategy in patients with post-extubation respiratory failure remains unknown, we have decided to assess whether NIV alternating with high-flow nasal oxygen as compared to high-flow nasal oxygen alone may decrease mortality of patients in ICUs with post-extubation respiratory failure.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
670

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
28mo left

Started Feb 2023

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress59%
Feb 2023Aug 2028

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 6, 2023

Completed
11 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 17, 2023

Completed
16 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 2, 2023

Completed
5.1 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 27, 2028

Expected
6 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 27, 2028

Last Updated

January 30, 2026

Status Verified

January 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

5.1 years

First QC Date

January 6, 2023

Last Update Submit

January 28, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Respiratory Failurepost-ExtubationIntubationNon-invasive ventilationHigh-Flow nasal oxygen

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Mortality at 28 days after post-extubation respiratory failure

    Death between post-extubation respiratory failure and 28 days after post-extubation respiratory failure

    Day 28

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Time to death between randomization and day 28

    Day 28

  • Reintubation within the 48 hours, 7 days and 28 days following post-extubation respiratory failure

    Hour 48 Day 7 and Day 28

  • Ventilator-free days at day 28,

    Day 28

  • Length of stay in ICU and length of stay in hospital.

    Day 90

  • Mortality in ICU, in hospital and at day 90.

    Day 90

Study Arms (2)

High-Flow Oxygen

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Patients assigned to the control group will be continuously treated by high-flow nasal oxygen during the 48 hours following randomization

Procedure: High-Flow Oxygen

NIV alternating with High-Flow Oxygen

EXPERIMENTAL

Patients assigned to the intervention group will be treated with curative NIV alternating with high-flow nasal oxygen during the 48 hours following randomization

Procedure: High-Flow OxygenProcedure: Non invasive ventilation

Interventions

Humidified and heated oxygen with a gas flow at least 50 L/min through nasal cannula

High-Flow OxygenNIV alternating with High-Flow Oxygen

NIV will be carried out in pressure-support mode with a minimal pressure-support level of 5 cmH2O targeting a tidal volume around 6 to 8 mL/kg of predicted bodyweight, a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level at least 8 cm H2O, and FiO2 adjusted to obtain adequate oxygenation

NIV alternating with High-Flow Oxygen

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation of more than 24h in the ICU before extubation.
  • Post-extubation respiratory failure occurring within the first 7 days after extubation (see criteria below). As in several previous studies, post-extubation respiratory failure will be defined by the presence of the 2 following criteria combining a clinical criterion and a blood gas criterion:
  • Clinical criterion persisting for at least 30 minutes: a respiratory rate exceeding 25 breaths per minute or clinical signs of respiratory distress with increased accessory muscle activity.
  • Blood gas criterion: Hypoxemia defined as PaO2/FiO2 ratio below 150 mm Hg or respiratory acidosis defined as pH below 7.35 units and PaCO2 above 45 mm Hg. For patients under standard oxygen, FiO2 will calculated according to the following formula: FiO2 = 0.21 + 0.03 x (oxygen flow L/min).

You may not qualify if:

  • NIV at home
  • ICU admission for peripheral neuromuscular disease type Guillain-Barré syndrome or myasthenia gravis.
  • Upper airway obstruction as main reason for post-extubation respiratory failure
  • Urgent need for reintubation (respiratory or cardiac arrest, respiratory pauses with loss of consciousness or gasping for air, or severe hypoxemia defined as SpO2 lower than 90% despite maximal oxygen support)
  • Altered consciousness (Glasgow coma scale \< 12)
  • Unplanned extubation (accidental or self-extubation)
  • Do-not-reintubate order at time of respiratory failure
  • Patient previously included in the study
  • People under protection (minors, persons deprived of liberty by a judicial or administrative decision, adults under law protection)
  • Patient not affiliated to health care system.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

CHU Poitiers

Poitiers, France

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Respiratory Insufficiency

Interventions

Noninvasive Ventilation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Respiration DisordersRespiratory Tract Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Respiration, ArtificialAirway ManagementTherapeuticsRespiratory Therapy

Study Officials

  • Arnaud W. THILLE, PhD

    CHU Poitiers

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 6, 2023

First Posted

January 17, 2023

Study Start

February 2, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

February 27, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 27, 2028

Last Updated

January 30, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Locations