Blood Glucose Measurement in Terms Ofg Pain and Result Consistency

NCT05668702 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 05.04.2018 04/I
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 130
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Abstract Background: Capillary blood glucose measurement is one of the invasive procedures frequently used in clinics, hospitals and home. Aim: To determine the consistency of pain and results between the palm and fingertip in obtaining blood sample with the intention of monitoring capillary blood glucose. Design: This study is a crossover design designated. Settings: The research was carried out Diabetes Polyclinic Participants: One hundred thirty Type 2 diabetes patients who went to Diabetes Polyclinic Methods: The research was carried out with 130 Type 2 diabetes patients who went to Diabetes Polyclinic between August and November, 2018. During the data collection, the researcher took venous blood sample in a tube from each patient and according to the list of order determined via randomization scheme formed on the computer, the patients' glucose levels were measured by taking a capillary blood sample from the side of the middle fingertip and palm of the dominant hand with the glucometer. Before the study, the patient's pain assessment at the end of each measurement was carried out by a nurse who was trained by the researcher about the use of Visual Analog Scale. Keywords: capillary blood sampling; fingertip; glucose; pain; palm

Conditions

Glucose Test Site Bleeding

Keywords

pain; capillary blood sampling; fingertip; glucose

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• venous blood samples

  Venous blood samples of the patients were collected into a tube by the researcher.

  through study completion, an average of 1 year

• Capillary blood glucose measurement

  For capillary blood glucose measurement, two regions, fingertip and palm were used in every patient. The patient washed his/her hands with warm water and soap and dried them with a paper towel. Prior to capillary blood collection, the patient washed his/her hands with warm water, kept his hand below the level of the heart, waved downwards and gently massaged his/her fingertips in order to obtain appropriate amount of blood. The dominant hands of the patients were used to collect capillary blood samples. In order not to affect the research results, the same glucometer device was used for all capillary glucose measurements and a new 28G sterile lancet was used in each application.

  through study completion, an average of 1 year

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Visual Analog scale (VAS)

  through study completion, an average of 1 year

Study Arms (1)

capillary blood glucose measurement

EXPERIMENTAL

the researcher took venous blood sample in a tube from each patient and according to the list of order determined via randomization scheme formed on the computer, the patients' glucose levels were measured by taking a capillary blood sample from the side of the middle fingertip and palm of the dominant hand with the glucometer. Before the study, the patient's pain assessment at the end of each measurement was carried out by a nurse who was trained by the researcher about the use of Visual Analog Scale.

Other: crossover design

Interventions

crossover design OTHER

The researcher took venous blood sample in a tube from each patient and according to the list of order determined via randomization scheme formed on the computer, the patients' glucose levels were measured by taking a capillary blood sample from the side of the middle fingertip and palm of the dominant hand with the glucometer. Before the study, the patient's pain assessment at the end of each measurement was carried out by a nurse who was trained by the researcher about the use of Visual Analog Scale.

Also known as: capillary blood glucose measurement, venous blood glucose measurement, pain assessment

capillary blood glucose measurement

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Individuals with Type 2 diabetes
• who fasted at least 8-12 hours before blood sampling,
• who were 18 years and older,
• volunteered to participate in the study

You may not qualify if:

• with mental problems,
• communication problems,
• vision problems,
• upper extremity amputations,
• peripheral neuropathy or decreased sensation in their hands,
• the ones in whom blood samples cannot be obtained from the arm veins due to plaster etc.,
• those who could not make the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) correctly

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Melek Sahin: lead

Study Sites (1)

Fethiye Goverment Hospital

Muğla, Fethiye, 48300, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (9)

• Bijur PE, Silver W, Gallagher EJ. Reliability of the visual analog scale for measurement of acute pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Dec;8(12):1153-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01132.x.

  PMID: 11733293 BACKGROUND

• Chlebowy DO, Hood S, LaJoie AS. Facilitators and barriers to self-management of type 2 diabetes among urban African American adults: focus group findings. Diabetes Educ. 2010 Nov-Dec;36(6):897-905. doi: 10.1177/0145721710385579. Epub 2010 Oct 25.

  PMID: 20974906 BACKGROUND

• Anitha Pavithran A, Ramamoorthy L, Bs S, Murugesan R, Mj K. Comparison of Fingertip vs Palm Site Sampling on Pain Perception, and Variation in Capillary Blood Glucose Level among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. J Caring Sci. 2020 Dec 1;9(4):182-187. doi: 10.34172/jcs.2020.028. eCollection 2020 Dec.

  PMID: 33409161 RESULT

• Anzalone P. Equivalence of earlobe site blood glucose testing with finger stick. Clin Nurs Res. 2008 Nov;17(4):251-61. doi: 10.1177/1054773808325050.

  PMID: 18927259 RESULT

• Bina DM, Anderson RL, Johnson ML, Bergenstal RM, Kendall DM. Clinical impact of prandial state, exercise, and site preparation on the equivalence of alternative-site blood glucose testing. Diabetes Care. 2003 Apr;26(4):981-5. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.4.981.

  PMID: 12663560 RESULT

• Chan HY, Lau TS, Ho SY, Leung DY, Lee DT. The accuracy and acceptability of performing capillary blood glucose measurements at the earlobe. J Adv Nurs. 2016 Aug;72(8):1766-73. doi: 10.1111/jan.12944. Epub 2016 Mar 1.

  PMID: 27380764 RESULT

• Ergin E, Zaybak A. Effects of Different Methods Used to Take Blood Samples on Blood Glucose Measurements. Clin Nurs Res. 2022 Jan;31(1):29-38. doi: 10.1177/10547738211024782. Epub 2021 Jul 5.

  PMID: 34218680 RESULT

• Farmer L, Winfield C, Quatrara B, Letzkus L, Schenck P, Finneran P, Pollak D, McCaskill C, Nealy R, Conaway M. Does Site Matter? Comparing Accuracy and Patient Comfort of Blood Glucose Samples Taken From the Finger and Palm of the Perioperative Patient. J Perianesth Nurs. 2017 Dec;32(6):573-577. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2016.10.006. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

  PMID: 29157763 RESULT

• Guo J, Long Q, Li J, Wang X, Li Y, Jiang S, Sun M, Wiley J, Chen JL. Barriers and facilitators of self-monitoring of blood glucose engagement among women with gestational diabetes mellitus in China: A mixed-methods study. Midwifery. 2020 Nov;90:102797. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102797. Epub 2020 Jul 18.

  PMID: 32755742 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pain

Interventions

Cross-Over Studies

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Epidemiologic Research Design; Epidemiologic Methods; Investigative Techniques; Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms; Quality of Health Care; Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation; Public Health; Environment and Public Health

Study Officials

• Eylem Ergün, RN

  +905302373049

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: SCREENING
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Model Details: crossover design

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 4, 2022
• First Posted: December 30, 2022
• Study Start: August 1, 2018
• Primary Completion: November 30, 2018
• Study Completion: November 30, 2018
• Last Updated: December 30, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-12

Locations

TU (1)