Effect of the Beetroot Juice in Portuguese Swimmers

NCT05657093 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: 79/2022
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 18
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Objective: To investigate whether an acute intake of beet juice (BJ) improved the factors of total and split times (performance), stroke frequency and CMJ (biomechanics), lactate and HR (physiology) and RPE-TQR (psychophysiological) in a repeated (performance), stroke frequency and CMJ (biomechanics), lactate and HR (physiology) and RPE-TQR (psychophysiological) in a repeated maximal speed swimming effort in elite swimmers. Methods: A total of 18 elite swimmers participated in this randomized, double-blind study. In 2 different trials, swimmers ingested a Beet-It injection (70 ml placebo (PL) or a Beet-It injection of 70 ml beet juice (BJ)) 3 hours before undergoing a 2x6x100 m intermittent maximal speed crawl performance test.

Conditions

Ergogenics

Keywords

swimming; beet; swim; nitrate; intermittent sports; ergogenic aids

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Lactate concentration

  After qeach even series of 100m (2nd, 4th, 6th and 3' rest), their finger was wiped dry and their blood lactate concentration was measured with a Lactate Pro2 portable analyzer 1 minute after completing each 100m series.

  3 hours post-dose of Beetroot juice or Placebo

• Rate of Perceived Exertion

  During every 100m, they were asked how much effort they had exerted using the subjective RPE scale as in other studies with BJ and swimming.

  3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice

• Recovery Total Quality Scale

  Before the swimmers performed the next 100m, they were asked how recovered they felt, using another subjective TQR scale.

  3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice

• Total Time

  The complete 2x6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the total times, with the program KINOVEA 0.9.5.

  3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice

• Parcial Time

  The complete 2x6x100 main test was recorded with a JVC model GY-HM150E video camera placed on the stand of the facility itself at about 10 m from the start/turn wall (approximately 5 m above and 10 m from the swim lane) to record the entire session. The recording of the session made it possible to calculate the split times, with the KINOVEA 0.9.5 program.

  3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice

• Counter Movement Jump

  Swimmers completed three repetitions of CMJ with hands on waist using an infrared jumping system (Optojump Next, Microgate, Bolzano, Italy)

  3 hours after ingestion of the beetroot juice

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Stroke rate

  from the day of randomization to the last day of the intervention: up to day 7

Study Arms (2)

Beetroot juice

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The swimmers ingested a shot of Beet-It 70 ml beetroot juice (BJ)) 3 hours before undergoing a 2x6x100m crawl intermittent maximal speed performance test.

Dietary Supplement: Beetroot Juice; Combination Product: Placebo

Placebo

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

The swimmers ingested a shot of Beet-It (70 ml placebo (PL)) 3 hours before undergoing a 2x6x100m crawl intermittent maximal speed performance test.

Dietary Supplement: Beetroot Juice; Combination Product: Placebo

Interventions

Beetroot Juice DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

The swimmers drank 3 hours before the test, mL70 of BJ (containing mmol6.4 of NO-3) (Beet-It-Pro Elite Shot, James White Drinks Ltd., Ipswich, UK) or PLA (0.04 mmol of NO-3)

Beetroot juice; Placebo

Placebo COMBINATION_PRODUCT

The swimmers drank 3 hours before the test, mL70 of BJ (containing mmol6.4 of NO-3) (Beet-It-Pro Elite Shot, James White Drinks Ltd., Ipswich, UK) or PLA (0.04 mmol of NO-3)

Beetroot juice; Placebo

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 25 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• \- national and international level swimmers
• \- healthy swimmers
• \- no breakfast
• \- 48 hours with restricted diet of: other sports supplements and beetroot-rich foods

You may not qualify if:

• be on medication
• \- having had breakfast
• \- have brushed your teeth

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Universidad Francisco de Vitoria: lead
• Universidad Politecnica de Madrid: collaborator
• Instituto Politécnico de Bragança: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Universidad Francisco de Vitoria

Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Spain

Location

Related Publications (7)

• Moreno B, Veiga S, Sanchez-Oliver AJ, Dominguez R, Morencos E. Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption by Competitive Swimmers According to Sex and Competitive Level. Nutrients. 2022 Aug 6;14(15):3218. doi: 10.3390/nu14153218.

  PMID: 35956394 RESULT

• Senefeld JW, Wiggins CC, Regimbal RJ, Dominelli PB, Baker SE, Joyner MJ. Ergogenic Effect of Nitrate Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Oct;52(10):2250-2261. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002363.

  PMID: 32936597 RESULT

• Zamani H, de Joode MEJR, Hossein IJ, Henckens NFT, Guggeis MA, Berends JE, de Kok TMCM, van Breda SGJ. The benefits and risks of beetroot juice consumption: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(5):788-804. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1746629. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

  PMID: 32292042 RESULT

• Berjisian E, McGawley K, Saunders B, Dominguez R, Koozehchian MS, de Oliveira CVC, Rafiei R, Miraftabi H, Sarshin A, Naderi A. Acute effects of beetroot juice and caffeine co-ingestion during a team-sport-specific intermittent exercise test in semi-professional soccer players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2022 Mar 29;14(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13102-022-00441-1.

  PMID: 35351196 RESULT

• Jonvik KL, Hoogervorst D, Peelen HB, de Niet M, Verdijk LB, van Loon LJC, van Dijk JW. The impact of beetroot juice supplementation on muscular endurance, maximal strength and countermovement jump performance. Eur J Sport Sci. 2021 Jun;21(6):871-878. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1788649. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

  PMID: 32594854 RESULT

• Morais JE, Silva AJ, Garrido ND, Marinho DA, Barbosa TM. The transfer of strength and power into the stroke biomechanics of young swimmers over a 34-week period. Eur J Sport Sci. 2018 Jul;18(6):787-795. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1453869. Epub 2018 Mar 24.

  PMID: 29577827 RESULT

• Esen O, Dominguez R, Karayigit R. Acute Beetroot Juice Supplementation Enhances Intermittent Running Performance but Does Not Reduce Oxygen Cost of Exercise among Recreational Adults. Nutrients. 2022 Jul 11;14(14):2839. doi: 10.3390/nu14142839.

  PMID: 35889796 RESULT

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Triple blinded (Participant, Investigator and Outcomes Assessor) The participant was blinded not knowing the treatment to which he was submitted, investigator and outcome assessor responsible for collecting the results, without commenting on the group from which the subject came.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Parallel allocation was carried out in the two groups

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 1, 2022
• First Posted: December 20, 2022
• Study Start: April 30, 2022
• Primary Completion: May 7, 2022
• Study Completion: May 7, 2022
• Last Updated: December 20, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-11

Locations

ES (1)