NCT05546320

Brief Summary

Migraine attack is an episodic disorder that affects approximately 12% of the population. Previous studies have shown that 41-48% of migraineur have a combination of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Clinical observational studies have been linking medication therapies which include anticoagulation and anti-platelet therapy with the effectiveness in improving migraine symptoms and reducing the frequency of attacks in patients combined with a PFO. However, it has been unclear whether the effectiveness of anticoagulation or anti-platelet therapy outweigh the conventional migraine medication therapy, as a result, we designed a multi-center randomized clinical trial aiming to examine the effectiveness of anticoagulation versus anti-platelet versus migraine medication therapy in migraine patients with PFO and provide a clinical guidance for migraineur.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
1,000

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2

Timeline
Completed

Started Oct 2022

Geographic Reach
1 country

39 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 15, 2022

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 19, 2022

Completed
26 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 15, 2022

Completed
2.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

March 26, 2025

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 26, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

April 22, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

2.4 years

First QC Date

September 15, 2022

Last Update Submit

April 17, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

MigrainePatent Foramen OvaleMedication therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Responder rate

    Defined as the proportion of participants achieving a ≥50% reduction in the mean number of monthly migraine days or migraine attacks at 12 weeks post-randomization compared to baseline.

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

Secondary Outcomes (6)

  • Change in monthly migraine days

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • Change in monthly migraine attacks

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • Reduction rate of migraine days

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • Reduction rate of migraine attacks

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • Complete migraine cessation

    Weeks 9-12 post-randomization

  • +1 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (9)

  • Safety Outcome Measures - Any adverse events

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • Safety Outcome Measures - Adverse events related to investigational medicinal products

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • Safety Outcome Measures - Serious adverse events

    Baseline to 12 weeks post-randomization

  • +6 more other outcomes

Study Arms (4)

Migraine Medication Group - Metoprolol Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants randomized to the active comparator group received metoprolol 25 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks.

Drug: Metoprolol 25mg

Anticoagulation or anti-platelet medication Group 1 - Aspirin Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants randomized to this group received aspirin 300 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks.

Drug: Aspirin 300mg

Anticoagulation or anti-platelet medication Group 2 - Clopidogrel Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants randomized to this group received clopidogrel 75 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks.

Drug: Clopidogrel 75mg

Anticoagulation or anti-platelet medication Group 3 - Rivaroxaban Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants randomized to this group received rivaroxaban 20 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks.

Drug: Rivaroxaban 20mg

Interventions

Clopidogrel 75 mg was administered once daily for 12 weeks.

Anticoagulation or anti-platelet medication Group 2 - Clopidogrel Group

Rivaroxaban 20 mg was administered once daily for 12 weeks.

Anticoagulation or anti-platelet medication Group 3 - Rivaroxaban Group

Aspirin 300 mg was administered once daily for 12 weeks.

Anticoagulation or anti-platelet medication Group 1 - Aspirin Group

Metoprolol 25 mg was administered twice daily for 12 weeks.

Migraine Medication Group - Metoprolol Group

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 64 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Participants must meet all of the following criteria:
  • Aged 18 to 64 years at Visit 1.
  • Diagnosis of migraine with or without aura confirmed by a neurologist, according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria.
  • History of migraine for more than 1 year, with an average of at least 4 migraine days per month during the 12-week screening period, as recorded in a headache diary and confirmed by the investigator at Visit 2.
  • Patent foramen ovale (PFO) diagnosed by transcranial Doppler (TCD), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), or transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), with a right-to-left shunt at the atrial level.
  • Provision of written informed consent and willingness to comply with follow-up procedures.

You may not qualify if:

  • Participants will be excluded if any of the following apply:
  • Secondary headache attributable to other causes.
  • History of transient ischemic attack, stroke, or intracranial hemorrhage.
  • History of pacemaker implantation, atrial septal defect closure, or left atrial appendage closure.
  • Right-to-left intracardiac shunt due to causes other than PFO.
  • Contraindications to antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy, including thrombocytopenia, major trauma, active bleeding, decompensated cirrhosis, or drug allergy.
  • Contraindications to beta-blocker therapy, including hypotension, severe bradycardia, atrioventricular block, asthma, or drug allergy.
  • Poorly controlled atrial fibrillation at Visit 1.
  • Poorly controlled hypertension at Visit 1, defined as blood pressure \>160/90 mmHg despite regular medication.
  • Inability to maintain a headache diary or to reliably report headache symptoms.
  • Use of anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, rivaroxaban) or antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor) within 12 weeks prior to Visit 2.
  • Use of metoprolol within 12 weeks prior to Visit 2.
  • Pregnancy, intention to become pregnant during the study period, or planned elective surgery during the study period.
  • Any condition that, in the investigator's opinion, may pose significant risk, confound study results, or interfere with participation.
  • Any other reasons (e.g., likely non-adherence, inability to attend follow-up visits, or planned relocation) that render the participant unsuitable for the study in the investigator's judgment.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (39)

The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University

Hefei, Anhui, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC

Hefei, Anhui, China

Location

Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University

Suzhou, Anhui, China

Location

Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Location

National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Location

Gansu Provincial Hospital

Lanzhou, Gansu, China

Location

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University

Lanzhou, Gansu, China

Location

Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Location

Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital

Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

Location

The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University

Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University

Nanning, Guangxi, China

Location

Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital

Guiyang, Guizhou, China

Location

Hebei General Hospital

Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

Location

The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University

Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

Location

Xingtai People's Hospital

Xingtai, Hebei, China

Location

Affiliated Zunhua People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology

Zunhua, Hebei, China

Location

Daqing Longnan Hospital

Daqing, Heilongjiang, China

Location

Nanyang Central Hospital

Nanyang, Henan, China

Location

Shangqiu First People's Hospital

Shangqiu, Henan, China

Location

Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University

Zhengzhou, Henan, China

Location

Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University

Zhengzhou, Henan, China

Location

Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital

Wuhan, Hubei, China

Location

Xiangyang Central Hospital

Xiangyang, Hubei, China

Location

Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University

Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

Location

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University

Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

Location

Dalian Municipal Central Hospital

Dalian, Liaoning, China

Location

Dalian University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital

Dalian, Liaoning, China

Location

The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang

Shenyang, Liaoning, China

Location

People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Affiliated to Ningxia Medical University

Yinchuan, Ningxia, China

Location

The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University

Jinan, Shandong, China

Location

Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital

Qingdao, Shandong, China

Location

Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical College

Zibo, Shandong, China

Location

First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University

Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

Location

Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University

Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College

Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Location

West China Hospital of Sichuan University

Chengdu, Sichuan, China

Location

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University

Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China

Location

Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital of Yunnan Province

Kunming, Yunnan, China

Location

The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University

Kunming, Yunnan, China

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Li Z, Dong J, Yan Y, Fang F, Wang C, Zhang F, Ouyang W, Wang S, Pan X. Study design and rationale of COMPETE: Comparison of the effect of medication therapy in alleviating migraine with patent foramen ovale. Am Heart J. 2024 Mar;269:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.12.011. Epub 2023 Dec 16.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Foramen Ovale, PatentMigraine Disorders

Interventions

AspirinMetoprololClopidogrelRivaroxaban

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Heart Septal Defects, AtrialHeart Septal DefectsHeart Defects, CongenitalCardiovascular AbnormalitiesCardiovascular DiseasesHeart DiseasesCongenital AbnormalitiesCongenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and AbnormalitiesHeadache Disorders, PrimaryHeadache DisordersBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

SalicylatesHydroxybenzoatesPhenolsBenzene DerivativesHydrocarbons, AromaticHydrocarbons, CyclicHydrocarbonsOrganic ChemicalsPhenoxypropanolaminesPropanolaminesAmino AlcoholsAlcoholsPropanolsAminesTiclopidineThienopyridinesThiophenesSulfur CompoundsPyridinesHeterocyclic Compounds, 1-RingHeterocyclic CompoundsHeterocyclic Compounds, 2-RingHeterocyclic Compounds, Fused-RingMorpholinesOxazines

Study Officials

  • Xiangbin Pan

    National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, China & Fuwai Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
Open-label treatment allocation with blinded outcome assessment based on prospectively completed headache diaries reviewed by independent neurologists blinded to treatment assignment.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Project Manager

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 15, 2022

First Posted

September 19, 2022

Study Start

October 15, 2022

Primary Completion

March 26, 2025

Study Completion

March 26, 2025

Last Updated

April 22, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Deidentified individual participant data underlying the results reported in this study will be made available upon the publication of the study.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP

Locations