NCT05523479

Brief Summary

The METEOR Trial will compare four implementation strategies-traditional online education, protocol-directed care, interprofessional education, and a combination of protocol-directed care and interprofessional education-to test the hypotheses that interprofessional education is superior to traditional online education as an implementation strategy in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the benefits of interprofessional education are increased when interprofessional education is paired with a clinical protocol. Additionally, the trial will also test the hypothesis that preventive post-extubation NIV for high-risk patients and preventive post-extubation HFNC for low-risk patients are both superior to current clinical practice (i.e., conventional post-extubation oxygen therapy).

Trial Health

55
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
13,018

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Mar 2023

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

15 active sites

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 29, 2022

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 31, 2022

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 1, 2023

Completed
2.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 31, 2026

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2026

Completed
Last Updated

February 18, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

2.9 years

First QC Date

August 29, 2022

Last Update Submit

February 16, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Interprofessional EducationClinical ProtocolsNoninvasive VentilationOxygen Inhalation Therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Rate of use of post-extubation NIV or HFNC among eligible participants (primary implementation outcome)

    Defined the number of participants who received post-extubation NIV or HFNC divided by the number of participants eligible for post-extubation NIV or HFNC

    60 days after initiating invasive mechanical ventilation

  • In-hospital mortality truncated at 60 days from intubation (primary clinical outcome)

    Defined as the number of participants who died during hospitalization

    60 days after initiating invasive mechanical ventilation

Secondary Outcomes (10)

  • Number of eligible participants receiving care from providers who completed an implementation intervention

    Up to 3 years

  • Use of post-extubation NIV or HFNC among eligible participants 6 months after the implementation intervention (IPE plus protocol) is fully deployed

    6 months after the implementation intervention (IPE plus protocol) is fully deployed

  • 90-day survival

    90 days after initiating invasive mechanical ventilation

  • ICU length of stay

    60 days after initiating invasive mechanical ventilation

  • Hospital length of stay

    60 days after initiating invasive mechanical ventilation

  • +5 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (9)

Online education about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers receive traditional online education that demonstrates the evidence supporting use of preventive post-extubation respiratory support (NIV or HFNC) over conventional post-extubation oxygen and supports the implementation of risk-stratified, preventive post-extubation NIV/HFNC.

Behavioral: Traditional online educationOther: Risk-stratified preventive post-extubation noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Interprofessional education about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers receive interprofessional education that demonstrates the evidence supporting use of preventive post-extubation respiratory support (NIV or HFNC) over conventional post-extubation oxygen and supports the implementation of risk-stratified, preventive post-extubation NIV/HFNC.

Behavioral: Interprofessional educationOther: Risk-stratified preventive post-extubation noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Clinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers deploy a clinical protocol that supports the implementation of risk-stratified, preventive post-extubation NIV/HFNC.

Behavioral: Clinical protocolOther: Risk-stratified preventive post-extubation noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Interprofessional education plus clinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers receive interprofessional education and use a clinical protocol that supports the implementation of risk-stratified, preventive post-extubation NIV/HFNC.

Behavioral: Interprofessional educationBehavioral: Clinical protocolOther: Risk-stratified preventive post-extubation noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Online education about post-extubation HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers receive traditional online education that demonstrates the evidence supporting use of preventive post-extubation respiratory support (NIV or HFNC) over conventional post-extubation oxygen and supports the implementation of preventive post-extubation HFNC for all eligible patients.

Behavioral: Traditional online educationOther: Preventive post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Interprofessional education about post-extubation HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers receive interprofessional education that demonstrates the evidence supporting use of preventive post-extubation respiratory support (NIV or HFNC) over conventional post-extubation oxygen and supports the implementation of preventive post-extubation HFNC for all eligible patients.

Behavioral: Interprofessional educationOther: Preventive post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers deploy a clinical protocol that supports the implementation of preventive post-extubation HFNC for all eligible patients.

Behavioral: Clinical protocolOther: Preventive post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Interprofessional education plus clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNC

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

During this period, ICU providers receive interprofessional education and use a clinical protocol that supports the implementation of preventive post-extubation HFNC for all eligible patients.

Behavioral: Interprofessional educationBehavioral: Clinical protocolOther: Preventive post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC)

Usual care

NO INTERVENTION

During this period, ICU providers receive no structured education about preventive, post-extubation respiratory support therapies

Interventions

An "adequately explicit" protocol provides specific rules for use of the preventive, post-extubation therapy based on patient data. A "ready-to-customize" version of the protocol with instructions to work with key local stakeholders to revise the protocol, accounting for local needs and resources, is provided. After local customization, a local champion then disseminates the protocol based on local practices.

Clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNCClinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNCInterprofessional education plus clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNCInterprofessional education plus clinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

Preventive post-extubation NIV for high-risk patients and preventive post-extubation HFNC for low-risk patients

Clinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNCInterprofessional education about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNCInterprofessional education plus clinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNCOnline education about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

Preventive post-extubation HFNC for all eligible patients (without risk stratification)

Clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNCInterprofessional education about post-extubation HFNCInterprofessional education plus clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNCOnline education about post-extubation HFNC

A 30-60 minute, online, interactive, educational video that is customized to each provider type and offered with provider-specific continuing education credits

Online education about post-extubation HFNCOnline education about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

Interprofessional education (IPE) consists of both classroom-based IPE and just-in-time IPE. In classroom-based IPE, a trained physician educator with content expertise who works in the ICU leads a 60-to-90-minute, in-person, IPE workshop consisting of a 30-minute didactic session and a 30-to-60-minute small group session, during which participants work together to apply the content to authentic cases. The workshops, which are designed according to modern principles of adult learning and IPE, present the rationale and evidence supporting the preventive, post-extubation therapies. They are specifically designed to foster authenticity, reinforce role identity, and relate the content to life experience. In just-in-time IPE, trained local champions meet with the interprofessional ICU team each morning to identify eligible patients and, as needed, briefly review the evidence supporting proper use of the assigned preventive, post-extubation strategy.

Interprofessional education about post-extubation HFNCInterprofessional education about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNCInterprofessional education plus clinical protocol about post-extubation HFNCInterprofessional education plus clinical protocol about risk-stratified post-extubation NIV/HFNC

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • All adults treated with invasive mechanical ventilation \>24 hours in participating ICUs

You may not qualify if:

  • None

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (15)

UPMC Carlisle

Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 17015, United States

Location

UPMC Hanover

Hanover, Pennsylvania, 17331, United States

Location

UPMC Harrisburg

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 17101, United States

Location

UPMC Community Osteopathic

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 17109, United States

Location

UPMC West Shore

Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, 17050, United States

Location

UPMC East

Monroeville, Pennsylvania, 15146, United States

Location

UPMC Jameson

New Castle, Pennsylvania, 16105, United States

Location

University of Pittsburgh

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, United States

Location

UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, United States

Location

UPMC Presbyterian

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, United States

Location

UPMC St. Margaret

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15215, United States

Location

UPMC Mercy

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15219, United States

Location

UPMC Shadyside

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15232, United States

Location

UPMC Passavant

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15237, United States

Location

UPMC Memorial

York, Pennsylvania, 17408, United States

Location

Related Publications (8)

  • Ouellette DR, Patel S, Girard TD, Morris PE, Schmidt GA, Truwit JD, Alhazzani W, Burns SM, Epstein SK, Esteban A, Fan E, Ferrer M, Fraser GL, Gong MN, Hough CL, Mehta S, Nanchal R, Pawlik AJ, Schweickert WD, Sessler CN, Strom T, Kress JP. Liberation From Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Adults: An Official American College of Chest Physicians/American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline: Inspiratory Pressure Augmentation During Spontaneous Breathing Trials, Protocols Minimizing Sedation, and Noninvasive Ventilation Immediately After Extubation. Chest. 2017 Jan;151(1):166-180. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.10.036. Epub 2016 Nov 3.

    PMID: 27818331BACKGROUND
  • Rochwerg B, Brochard L, Elliott MW, Hess D, Hill NS, Nava S, Navalesi P Members Of The Steering Committee, Antonelli M, Brozek J, Conti G, Ferrer M, Guntupalli K, Jaber S, Keenan S, Mancebo J, Mehta S, Raoof S Members Of The Task Force. Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure. Eur Respir J. 2017 Aug 31;50(2):1602426. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02426-2016. Print 2017 Aug.

    PMID: 28860265BACKGROUND
  • Granton D, Chaudhuri D, Wang D, Einav S, Helviz Y, Mauri T, Mancebo J, Frat JP, Jog S, Hernandez G, Maggiore SM, Hodgson CL, Jaber S, Brochard L, Trivedi V, Ricard JD, Goligher EC, Burns KEA, Rochwerg B. High-Flow Nasal Cannula Compared With Conventional Oxygen Therapy or Noninvasive Ventilation Immediately Postextubation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Crit Care Med. 2020 Nov;48(11):e1129-e1136. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004576.

    PMID: 32947472BACKGROUND
  • Sang L, Nong L, Zheng Y, Xu Y, Chen S, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Liu X, Li Y. Effect of high-flow nasal cannula versus conventional oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation for preventing reintubation: a Bayesian network meta-analysis and systematic review. J Thorac Dis. 2020 Jul;12(7):3725-3736. doi: 10.21037/jtd-20-1050.

    PMID: 32802452BACKGROUND
  • Fernando SM, Tran A, Sadeghirad B, Burns KEA, Fan E, Brodie D, Munshi L, Goligher EC, Cook DJ, Fowler RA, Herridge MS, Cardinal P, Jaber S, Moller MH, Thille AW, Ferguson ND, Slutsky AS, Brochard LJ, Seely AJE, Rochwerg B. Noninvasive respiratory support following extubation in critically ill adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2022 Feb;48(2):137-147. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06581-1. Epub 2021 Nov 25.

    PMID: 34825256BACKGROUND
  • Argote L, Miron-Spektor E. Organizational learning: From experience to knowledge. Organization Science 2011;22:1123-37.

    BACKGROUND
  • Kasza J, Bowden R, Hooper R, Forbes AB. The batched stepped wedge design: A design robust to delays in cluster recruitment. Stat Med. 2022 Aug 15;41(18):3627-3641. doi: 10.1002/sim.9438. Epub 2022 May 21.

    PMID: 35596691BACKGROUND
  • Prendergast NT, Kahn JM, Angus DC, Argote L, Barnes B, Chang CH, Graff S, Hess DR, Onyemekwu CA, Rak KJ, Russell JL, Seaman JB, Toth KM, Girard TD. Maximizing Extubation Outcomes Through Educational and Organizational Research (METEOR) Trial: protocol for a batched, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised, type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. BMJ Open. 2025 Oct 23;15(10):e108956. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-108956.

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Clinical ProtocolsNoninvasive Ventilation

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

TherapeuticsEpidemiologic Study CharacteristicsHealth Care Evaluation MechanismsQuality of Health CareHealth Care Quality, Access, and EvaluationRespiration, ArtificialAirway ManagementRespiratory Therapy

Study Officials

  • Timothy D Girard, MD, MSCI

    University of Pittsburgh

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Model Details: The METEOR Trial is a batched stepped wedge cluster randomized type 2 hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial. ICUs are randomized rather than individuals, and each ICU will cross over from control to intervention at a randomized timepoint. The trial will employ three variations on the traditional stepped wedge design: 1. A factorial design will be used to estimate the effects of two implementation strategies (IPE and a clinical protocol) separately as well as together. 2. A concurrent design will be used to compare two post-extubation strategies (HFNC for all patients vs. NIV for high-risk patients and HFNC for low-risk patients) with conventional post-extubation oxygen therapy and with each other. 3. A batched design allows for the recruitment of clusters (i.e., ICUs) throughout the duration of the trial rather than requiring that all clusters commence participation in the trial at the same time.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Critical Care Medicine

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 29, 2022

First Posted

August 31, 2022

Study Start

March 1, 2023

Primary Completion

January 31, 2026

Study Completion

April 1, 2026

Last Updated

February 18, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

The University of Pittsburgh will comply with applicable NIH guidelines on data sharing as published online. The investigators will make scientific data as widely and freely available as possible while safeguarding the privacy of participants and protecting confidential and proprietary data. Data will be shared as elements that meet or exceed the HIPAA Privacy Rule definition of "safe harbor de-identified" data, so that the rights and privacy of human subjects who participate in research are protected at all times. Principles and guidelines as outlined by the NIH Office of Technology Transfer will be observed in sharing all scientific resources.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP
Time Frame
Deidentified individual participant data will be made available to investigators who provide a methodologically sound proposal to achieve the aims of the approved proposal. Data will be available as soon as possible but no later than within one year of the completion of the funded project period or upon acceptance of the data for publication, whichever is earlier.
Access Criteria
Proposals should be directed to Timothy Girard at timothy.girard@pitt.edu. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data use agreement.

Locations