NCT05472441

Brief Summary

This is a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (pRCT) that aims to test the effect of produce provision, diabetes education, and community referrals on hemoglobin A1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes experiencing food insecurity.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
568

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable diabetes-mellitus-type-2

Timeline
4mo left

Started Feb 2023

Longer than P75 for not_applicable diabetes-mellitus-type-2

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress89%
Feb 2023Oct 2026

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 21, 2022

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

July 25, 2022

Completed
7 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 6, 2023

Completed
3.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 1, 2026

Expected
3 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

October 1, 2026

Last Updated

August 11, 2025

Status Verified

August 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

3.4 years

First QC Date

July 21, 2022

Last Update Submit

August 6, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Food InsecuritySocial Determinants of HealthNon-medical, health related social needsDiabetes Self-Management Education and Support

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in Hemoglobin A1c

    measures average blood sugar levels over the past 3 months

    3 months

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Change in Hemoglobin A1c

    6 months

  • Change in diabetes self-efficacy assessed by the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale

    3 months

  • Change in diabetes self-efficacy assessed by the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale

    6 months

  • Change in food security assessed using the 18-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module

    3 months

  • Change in food security assessed using the 18-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module

    6 months

Study Arms (4)

Mid Ohio Food Farmacy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The Food Farmacy arm receives weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective.

Behavioral: Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy

Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes

EXPERIMENTAL

The Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes Arm receives weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective and Cooking for Diabetes, a 6-week diabetes self-management education and support and culinary education intervention.

Behavioral: Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes

Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub

EXPERIMENTAL

The Food Farmacy + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub Arm receives weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective and has social needs address through a community health worker model at the direction of Health Impact Ohio. The community health worker meets with participants, evaluates and addresses non-medical, health-related social needs.

Behavioral: Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub

Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub

EXPERIMENTAL

The Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub Arm receives all 3 interventions. Participants receive weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective, Cooking for Diabetes, a 6-week diabetes self-management education and support and culinary education intervention and has social needs addressed through a community health worker model at the direction of Health Impact Ohio. The community health worker meets with participants, evaluates and addresses non-medical, health-related social needs.

Behavioral: Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub

Interventions

The Food Farmacy arm receives weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective.

Mid Ohio Food Farmacy

The Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes Arm receives weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective and Cooking for Diabetes, a 6-week diabetes self-management education and support and culinary education intervention.

Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes

The Food Farmacy + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub Arm receives weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective and has social needs address through a community health worker model at the direction of Health Impact Ohio. The community health worker meets with participants, evaluates and addresses non-medical, health-related social needs.

Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub

The Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub Arm receives all 3 interventions. Participants receive weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks at the direction of the Mid-Ohio Food Collective, Cooking for Diabetes, a 6-week diabetes self-management education and support and culinary education intervention and has social needs addressed through a community health worker model at the direction of Health Impact Ohio. The community health worker meets with participants, evaluates and addresses non-medical, health-related social needs.

Mid-Ohio Food Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Type 2 Diabetes based on American Diabetes Association Criteria
  • Hemoglobin A1c ≥ 7.5%
  • Screen Positive on 2-item Food Security Screener

You may not qualify if:

  • Unwilling to Attest to Release of Information to Mid-Ohio Food Collective

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Walker DM, Garner JA, Hefner JL, Headings A, Jonas DE, Clark A, Bose-Brill S, Nawaz S, Seiber E, McAlearney AS, Brock G, Zhao S, Reopell L, Coovert N, Shrodes JC, Spees CK, Sieck CJ, Di Tosto G, DePuccio MJ, Williams A, Hoseus J, Baker C, Brown MM, Joseph JJ. Rationale and design of the linking education, produce provision, and community referrals to improve diabetes care (LINK) study. Contemp Clin Trials. 2023 Jul;130:107212. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107212. Epub 2023 Apr 28.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Malnutrition

Interventions

Cooking

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesNutrition Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Food HandlingFood IndustryIndustryTechnology, Industry, and Agriculture

Study Officials

  • Joshua Joseph, MD, MPH

    Ohio State University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Daniel Walker, PhD

    Ohio State University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Luiza Reopell, BS

CONTACT

Daniel Walker, PhD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Model Details: The LINK pragmatic randomized controlled trial (pRCT) uses a 2x2 factorial design to prospectively enroll study participants with type 2 diabetes and food insecurity into one of four study arms. The four study arms are: 1) Mid-Ohio Farmacy (receiving weekly produce through a consortium of local food banks); 2) Mid-Ohio Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes (Cooking for Diabetes is a 6-week diabetes and culinary education intervention); 3) Mid-Ohio Farmacy + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub (The Pathways Hub uses a community health worker model to meet with participants, evaluate and address non-medical, health-related social needs); and 4) Mid-Ohio Farmacy + Cooking for Diabetes + Health Impact Ohio Pathways Hub). Participants will be randomized using a 1:1:1:1 stratified randomization scheme built into Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) at the participant level.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor of Medicine

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 21, 2022

First Posted

July 25, 2022

Study Start

February 6, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

October 1, 2026

Last Updated

August 11, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-08

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Data will be made available to the public as immediately and broadly as possible while safeguarding the privacy of participants and protecting confidential and proprietary data. All research data will be shared as requested in accordance with federal regulations, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Requests from researchers will be reviewed by the project investigators, and we will provide the requesting researcher with the minimum necessary data; the shared data will not have any individual participant identifiers or specific clinic identifiers.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
Time Frame
Data will be made available to the public as immediately and broadly as possible while safeguarding the privacy of participants and protecting confidential and proprietary data.
Access Criteria
Requests will be reviewed by the project investigators (PI). In accordance with NIH policies and procedures regarding data use and data sharing, user registration will be required to access the files. Users must agree to the conditions of use governing access to the public release data, including restrictions against attempting to identify study participants, destruction of the data after analyses are completed, reporting responsibilities, restrictions on redistributions of the data to third parties, and proper acknowledgement of the data resource. Any presentations, abstracts, or publications must include an acknowledgement/reference of the LINK research team. The requesting researcher(s) will be notified that they may only use the data for the purposes for which the data were requested and only by the individuals listed in the request. The requesting researcher(s) will be responsible for notifying the PI upon completion of analysis indicating the way the data were destroyed.

Locations