NCT05351606

Brief Summary

People living with HIV (PLHIV) have higher rates of tobacco use than the general population and higher rates of disease and death compared with PLHIV who do not use tobacco. This project will evaluate the impact of integrating an intensive tobacco use cessation intervention compared to a brief intervention within HIV care clinics in Kisumu County, Kenya. There is evidence that PLHIV in Africa are more likely to use tobacco than the general population. Kenya is an example of a country coping with the dual epidemic of HIV and tobacco, with an estimated 1.5 million PLHIV and 2.5 million tobacco users. HIV remains one of the country's leading causes of morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 46,000 adults acquired HIV and 25,000 persons died of HIV in 2018. Tobacco use among the general population is estimated to be 11.6% (19.1% among men and 4.5% among women). The impact of tobacco use among PLHIV in Kenya has yet to be fully understood. There has been no research or initiatives in Kenya to support PLHIV to quit tobacco use in a primary care setting, a gap that this study seeks to address. In 2017, Kenya's Ministry of Health launched the National Guidelines for Tobacco Dependence Treatment and Cessation. This project will also examine the integration of the Guidelines' interventions into Ministry of Health HIV care clinics in Kisumu County.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
580

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_4

Timeline
Completed

Started May 2023

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 16, 2022

Completed
2 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 28, 2022

Completed
1 year until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 16, 2023

Completed
1.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 7, 2025

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 7, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

July 2, 2025

Status Verified

June 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

1.6 years

First QC Date

February 16, 2022

Last Update Submit

June 27, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Integrated EducationBehavioral CounsellingNicotine Replacement therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Proportion of participants who have abstained from tobacco use at 12 months

    The point prevalent abstinence rate will be reported as the proportion of participants who have abstained from tobacco use and will be dichotomized as either smoking or abstinent. Abstinence is determined by a self-report of 7-day continuous abstinence verified by a salivary cotinine test.

    12 months

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Proportion of participants who have abstained from tobacco use at 1 month

    1 month

  • Proportion of participants who have abstained from tobacco use at 3 months

    3 months

  • Proportion of participants who have abstained from tobacco use at 6 months

    6 months

  • Median HIV Viral load by abstinence status

    12 months

Study Arms (3)

Brief Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive one time tobacco use cessation counseling and quitline number.

Behavioral: Tobacco Use Cessation Counselling Sessions

Intensive Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive intensive behavioral counseling spread over 12 sessions, Nicotine Replacement Therapy and Bupropion, and the quitline number.

Behavioral: Tobacco Use Cessation Counselling SessionsDrug: BupropionDrug: Nicotine patchDrug: Nicotine lozenge

Cross-over Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the brief arm who are still using tobacco at the end of twelve months were invited to participate in a cross-over study whereby they would, if eligible, would receive the intensive intervention.

Behavioral: Tobacco Use Cessation Counselling SessionsDrug: BupropionDrug: Nicotine patchDrug: Nicotine lozenge

Interventions

Counseling sessions will be given in person

Brief InterventionCross-over InterventionIntensive Intervention

Given orally

Also known as: Wellbutrin, Zyban
Cross-over InterventionIntensive Intervention

Given transdermally

Also known as: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT)
Cross-over InterventionIntensive Intervention

Given orally

Also known as: Nicotine lozenge product, NRT
Cross-over InterventionIntensive Intervention

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive,
  • Age \>=18 years
  • Currently taking or initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART)
  • Access to mobile phone for phone or text follow up visit (intensive intervention only)
  • Able to read or be read short message service (SMS) messages (intensive intervention only).
  • Current tobacco users, who have used tobacco in the past 7 days;
  • Must have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime, and at least 5 cigarettes per day biochemically verified by expired Carbon Monoxide (CO) \>= 5-6 parts per million (ppm).

You may not qualify if:

  • Advanced HIV disease, age \< 18 years
  • Unable to provide verbal informed consent
  • Unwilling to be contacted by clinic for follow up
  • Myocardial Infarction (MI) in the 2 weeks prior to signing consent
  • Pregnant (NRT and Bupropion may be contraindicated).
  • Patients for whom Bupropion is contraindicated (e.g. history of seizures, recent use of Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, breastfeeding, and whose ART protocol present, as per prescription guidance, contraindications).
  • Prior disclosure of HIV status to the phone owner for those who use phones will be required to prevent inadvertent disclosure.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)

Kisumu, 40100, Kenya

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Tobacco Use CessationTobacco Use

Interventions

BupropionTobacco Use Cessation DevicesNicotine Replacement Therapy

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Health BehaviorBehavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

PropiophenonesKetonesOrganic ChemicalsTherapeuticsDrug Therapy

Study Officials

  • Stella Bialous, Dr PH

    University of California, San Francisco

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 4
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 16, 2022

First Posted

April 28, 2022

Study Start

May 16, 2023

Primary Completion

January 7, 2025

Study Completion

January 7, 2025

Last Updated

July 2, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations