NCT05343169

Brief Summary

Military veterans in the U.S. represent one of the populations most disproportionately impacted by the current opioid crisis. Veterans who use opioids and are not connected to the VA healthcare system have high rates of homelessness and experience higher prevalence of comorbid substance use disorder and mental health diagnoses than their "service-connected" counterparts. Due to these vulnerabilities and the observed barriers to testing and treatment among veterans-especially substance- and mental health-related stigma, drug naiveté, and limited support networks-veterans who use opioids represent a critical target for interventions designed to mitigate overdose and HIV/HCV risk behaviors. For socially isolated veterans and veterans with limited access to healthcare, programs that work outside of formal healthcare institutions and agencies are desperately needed. This application proposes to achieve the following Aims: 1) Evaluate the effectiveness of a peer-delivered, community-based education, navigation and support (CENS) intervention to reduce opioid-related risk behaviors; 2) Examine factors that mediate (e.g., knowledge, self-efficacy, self-stigma) and moderate (e.g., mental health, pain/OUD severity, age) intervention effectiveness; and 3) Explore intervention participants' and peer outreach staff perspectives on implementation as well as barriers to and facilitators of intervention effectiveness. The proposed intervention will be delivered by veteran peer outreach workers. The study will recruit 300 veterans with opioid use disorder to participate in a randomized controlled trial. The CENS intervention will engage 150 participants in ongoing educational sessions, healthcare and treatment navigation, and social support (involving both one-on-one and group social integration protocols) designed to improve self-efficacy, reduce self-stigma, increase service and healthcare utilization, and bolster knowledge. This study stands to contribute a timely, culturally-tailored innovation to overdose and HIV/HCV prevention-as-usual that, informed by the theory of triadic influence, directly confronts the social, intrapersonal, and structural-level barriers to opioid-related risk reduction among veterans. Study findings will be of great interest to community-based and civic healthcare organizations that provide overdose and HIV/HCV risk reduction outreach, as well as to agencies committed to improving healthcare engagement among veterans.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
300

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
3mo left

Started Oct 2022

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress94%
Oct 2022Jul 2026

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

March 8, 2022

Completed
2 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 25, 2022

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

October 21, 2022

Completed
3.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 1, 2026

Expected
2 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 31, 2026

Last Updated

July 1, 2025

Status Verified

June 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

3.6 years

First QC Date

March 8, 2022

Last Update Submit

June 26, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Change in Opioid Overdose Risk Behaviors Scale

    Change in Overdose Risk Behavior Scale score, from baseline to 9 months. Min Score= 0 Max Score = 660 Higher scores indicate more engagement in overdose risk behaviors

    9 months follow-up assesment

  • Change in HIV/HCV Risk Behaviors

    Change in HIV/HCV risk behaviors as measured by the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System questions about unsafe sexual and injection risk, from baseline to 9 month follow up.

    9 months follow-up assessment

Secondary Outcomes (3)

  • Health service utilization

    9 months follow-up assessment

  • Drug Treatment

    9 months follow-up assessment

  • HIV/HCV Testing

    9 months follow-up assessment

Study Arms (2)

CENS Intervention

EXPERIMENTAL

Peer outreach workers will deliver Overdose Education and Naloxone to participants and provide education, navigation, and support during the 9-month intervention

Behavioral: Overdose Education and Naloxone DistributionBehavioral: Advanced Education in Safer Substance Use, Treatment, and Self-CareBehavioral: Social Service and Health NavigationBehavioral: Peer Social Support

Control

OTHER

Participants will receive Overdose Education and Naloxone and referrals to treatment

Behavioral: Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution

Interventions

Education on OD risk behaviors and methods for responding to an OD, including naloxone use. Duration and dose: Single 20-minute training at time of enrollment, provided to all participants in both arms

Also known as: OEND
CENS InterventionControl

Education about misinformation about OAT, self-care, SEP services, HIV/HCV treatment Duration/dose: 9 mos., monthly \~2 hr. group sessions + ongoing access to video archive of recorded trainings.

Also known as: Education
CENS Intervention

Help navigate access and barriers to healthcare, motivation and health goals Duration/dose: 9 mos., monthly face-to-face sessions to set goals and schedule appts, phone calls between sessions \> 1x/wk.

Also known as: Navigation
CENS Intervention

Support with social (re)integration, isolation, relationship building Duration/dose: 9 mos., monthly face-to-face events and phone calls/texts between sessions \> 1x/wk.

Also known as: Support
CENS Intervention

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Veteran status
  • Adult (18+) age
  • Current nonmedical use of opioids
  • Current clinical (DSM-5) opioid use disorder of any level of severity

You may not qualify if:

  • Unable to speak English
  • Unable to provide informed consent.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

New York University

New York, New York, 10003, United States

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Drug OverdoseOpioid-Related DisordersHIV Infections

Interventions

TherapeuticsSelf CareEducational StatusSocial WorkPalliative Care

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Prescription Drug MisuseDrug MisuseSubstance-Related DisordersChemically-Induced DisordersMental DisordersNarcotic-Related DisordersBlood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesInfectionsSexually Transmitted Diseases, ViralSexually Transmitted DiseasesLentivirus InfectionsRetroviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesImmune System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

RehabilitationHealth ServicesHealth Care Facilities Workforce and ServicesSocioeconomic FactorsPopulation CharacteristicsPatient Care

Study Officials

  • Alexander S Bennett, PhD

    New York University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Alexander S Bennett, PhD

CONTACT

Luther C Elliott, PhD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Two arm, parallel randomized control trial
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

March 8, 2022

First Posted

April 25, 2022

Study Start

October 21, 2022

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 31, 2026

Last Updated

July 1, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Data will be shared via openICPSR© Self-Deposit Package. All specific identifies will be removed from final datasets prior to release for sharing. To prevent the unlikely but possible deductive disclosure of participant identity with particular characteristics, the study team will make the data available to other investigators only after discussion and under a formal data-sharing agreement that provides for: (1) commitment to use data for research purposes only and not to identify individual study participants; (2) commitment to promote objectivity in research using these data by establishing standards that provide a reasonable expectation that the design, conduct, and reporting of research funded under NIH awards will be free from bias (3) commitment to use appropriate information technology systems to keep data secure; and (4) commitment to returning or destroying data after analyses are complete.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, ICF
Time Frame
Data will be shared one year after completion of study or by June 2027.
Access Criteria
(1) commitment to use data for research purposes only and not to identify individual study participants; (2) commitment to promote objectivity in research using these data by establishing standards that provide a reasonable expectation that the design, conduct, and reporting of research funded under NIH awards will be free from bias (3) commitment to use appropriate information technology systems to keep data secure; and (4) commitment to returning or destroying data after analyses are complete.

Locations