NCT05212246

Brief Summary

This is an intent-to-treat, parallel design, multicenter randomized trial and the primary intervention is a double-blind comparison of Imiquimod (IMQ) vs. placebo cream for preventing basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin on the face at one year and over 3 years after therapy. Participants will apply the IMQ or placebo cream to the face daily at bedtime for 12 weeks. This study will recruit 1630 Veterans at high risk of BCC from 17 VA medical centers.

Trial Health

63
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
1,630

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_3

Timeline
73mo left

Started May 2026

Longer than P75 for phase_3

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 14, 2022

Completed
14 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 28, 2022

Completed
4.3 years until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 1, 2026

Completed
6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 3, 2032

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 3, 2032

Last Updated

January 22, 2026

Status Verified

January 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

6 years

First QC Date

January 14, 2022

Last Update Submit

January 21, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Basal Cell Carcinomachemopreventionimiquimodfacial skin cancerskin cancer preventionsquamous cell carcinomakeratinocyte carcinomaactinic keratosisquality of lifeside effectstreatment complianceautomated text messagingcost comparison and cost effectivenessimplementation science

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Proportion of participants with a new Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) on the face at 1 year

    Skin exams will occur at baseline and at 6-month intervals after study randomization. Diagnosis of a new BCC will be ascertained by a biopsy under local anesthesia in an outpatient setting, as is the standard of care. Every biopsy performed on the face of a participant during the trial will be processed per standard clinical operating procedures, as determined by their blinded clinician for the purposes of patient management. The biopsy will be sent for reading by a blinded central dermatopathologist with known high reliability (intra-rater and inter-rater with two other board-certified dermatopathologists) for diagnosing BCC. This central dermatopathologist diagnosis will be used for study purposes. Skin cancers diagnosed outside of the VA, and associated surgeries, will be systematically sought in all participants by participant interview and review of medical records to ensure that the outcome measure is complete.

    1 year from the time of randomization

  • Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) free time to a new BCC on the face over 3 years

    Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) free time to a new BCC on the face over 3 years is defined as the time in years from treatment randomization to the first occurrence of a new BCC on the face. Participants who do not develop a new BCC on the face by 3 years will be considered censored observations. Skin exams will occur at baseline and at 6-month intervals after study randomization.

    3 years from the time of randomization

Secondary Outcomes (26)

  • Proportion of participants with a new Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) on the face at 1 year

    1 year from the time of randomization

  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) free time to a new SCC on the face over 3 years

    3 years from the time of randomization

  • Total Actinic Keratosis (AK) reduction on the face over time during treatment and active follow-up

    3 years from the time of randomization

  • AK reduction in each Olsen grade on the face over time during treatment and active follow-up

    3 year from the time of randomization

  • Proportion of participants with any facial Actinic Keratosis (AK) biopsies or surgical removal on the face at 1 year

    1 year from the time of randomization

  • +21 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

5% Imiquimod Cream

EXPERIMENTAL

Topical 5% Imiquimod cream will be applied once daily to the face in a thin layer for 12 weeks. Three packets of cream will be defined as one dose or application. The cream should be applied to the face prior to normal sleeping hours (it is readily absorbed) and left on the skin for 6-10 hours (i.e. overnight). Rest periods will be allowed if bothersome side effects occur.

Drug: 5% Imiquimod cream

Placebo Vehicle Control Cream

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

The placebo vehicle control cream will be a virtually identical cream (to the Imiquimod cream) that contains no Imiquimod. This cream will be applied once daily to the face in a thin layer for 12 weeks. Three packets of cream will be defined as one dose or application. The cream should be applied to the face prior to normal sleeping hours (it is readily absorbed) and left on the skin for 6-10 hours (i.e. overnight). Rest periods will be allowed if bothersome side effects occur.

Drug: Placebo Vehicle Control Cream

Interventions

Topical 5% Imiquimod cream will be applied once daily to the face in a thin layer for 12 weeks. Three packets of cream will be defined as one dose or application. The cream should be applied to the face prior to normal sleeping hours (it is readily absorbed) and left on the skin for 6-10 hours (i.e. overnight). Rest periods will be allowed if bothersome side effects occur.

Also known as: IMQ
5% Imiquimod Cream

The placebo vehicle control cream will be a virtually identical cream (to the Imiquimod cream) that contains no Imiquimod. This cream will be applied once daily to the face in a thin layer for 12 weeks. Three packets of cream will be defined as one dose or application. The cream should be applied to the face prior to normal sleeping hours (it is readily absorbed) and left on the skin for 6-10 hours (i.e. overnight). Rest periods will be allowed if bothersome side effects occur.

Also known as: Placebo
Placebo Vehicle Control Cream

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Veteran age 18 years or older

You may not qualify if:

  • Qualifying lesions not in a field of prior radiation therapy.
  • Qualifying lesions not a recurrence after treatment, but the original lesion can qualify whether it recurred or not.
  • AK or KC field therapy on the face (5-FU cream, IMQ, diclofenac gel, chemical peel, or photodynamic therapy) for BCC treatment on the face in the last 2 months because it can cause inflammation that may interfere with the IMQ treatment. After 2 months, these patients can be included.
  • Suspicious skin lesions suggestive of any type of skin cancer present on the face at the initial exam conducted for the study must be removed and have another skin exam to confirm the facial skin cancer is cleared for 1 month prior to randomization so that the investigators can be confident that skin cancer lesions that arise during the trial are new.
  • Currently receiving or received in the past two months: immune checkpoint inhibitor, hedgehog pathway inhibitor, or oral capecitabine.
  • History of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma within the past year, but low-grade prostate cancer, patch stage CTCL, breast cancer, and history of solid hematologic cancer deemed to be in remission will be included.
  • Genetic disorder associated with very high basal cell skin cancer risk (i.e., basal cell nevus syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum) because prevention efforts with IMQ may have dramatically different efficacy in these patients compared to the general high-risk population.
  • Solid organ or bone marrow transplant recipient such as renal, hepatic, or cardiac transplant because these patients are at increased risk of KC (much greater risk of SCC than BCC) and the associated immunodeficiency may affect the effectiveness of IMQ
  • Radiation therapy to the face
  • Known allergy to IMQ or cream vehicle
  • Woman currently pregnant or breast feeding
  • Woman of childbearing potential unwilling to use birth control
  • Judged by investigator to have a very high mortality risk within a year due to co-morbid illness
  • Judged by investigator to be unlikely to comply with protocol requirements
  • Judged by investigator not to be competent to provide informed consent
  • +2 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI

Providence, Rhode Island, 02908-4734, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Carcinoma, Basal CellCarcinoma, Squamous CellKeratosis, ActinicPatient Compliance

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

CarcinomaNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsNeoplasms, Basal CellNeoplasms, Squamous CellPrecancerous ConditionsKeratosisSkin DiseasesSkin and Connective Tissue DiseasesPatient Acceptance of Health CareTreatment Adherence and ComplianceHealth BehaviorBehavior

Study Officials

  • Martin A. Weinstock, MD

    Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI

    STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
FED
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 14, 2022

First Posted

January 28, 2022

Study Start

May 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

May 3, 2032

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 3, 2032

Last Updated

January 22, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

After the main results of this study have been published, de-identified data from the study may be shared with other VA investigators, other Federal health agencies, or academic institutions for additional analyses provided this use has been approved by CSP, the appropriate VA oversight committee(s), and there is an agreement in place that defines the limits of this use. With the participant's approval and as approved by local Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), deidentified study data will be moved into a data repository where other CSP studies are maintained after the study has ended. This data could be used for future research on the conditions, characteristics, complications, and treatments covered in the proposed work.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP
Time Frame
10 years after primary publication

Locations