NCT05028725

Brief Summary

In the current protocol, we propose a study to evaluate a novel, combined esophageal sponge-methylation biomarker strategy for the early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as well as its precursor, esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD). This strategy leverages the 'EsophaCap', a swallowable, retrievable sponge, with subsequent evaluation of the sample using a novel molecular biomarker assay. This biomarker assay evaluates methylation levels in select genes, which have been shown to differ significantly between ESCC cases and controls in pilot studies. Detection of methylation markers highly associated with ESCC could help identify patients with concurrent ESCC or at high risk of imminently developing this condition. If successful, this strategy could result in a paradigm shift for esophageal cancer control strategies in Tanzania and other high-incidence ESCC regions.

Trial Health

57
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
289

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started May 2022

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 25, 2021

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 31, 2021

Completed
9 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 16, 2022

Completed
3.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 31, 2025

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 31, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

March 30, 2025

Status Verified

March 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

3.6 years

First QC Date

August 25, 2021

Last Update Submit

March 25, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

EsophaCapBiomarker DetectionCancer DetectionChromoendoscopic screening

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Proportion of True-Positives (sensitivity) detected with the EsoCAN assay after specimen collection using 'EsophaCap' sponge sampling (ESCC cases & controls only)

    The proportion of participants with a positive EsoCAN assay result, among patients with histologically-confirmed Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC). The following equation will be used as a cut point for ESCC using the EsoCAN assay \[0.139\*log2(gene A)\] + \[0.176\* log2(gene B)\] + \[0.185\* log2(gene C)\], whereas a cutoff value (for the numerical index produced by this formula) of greater than -2.327 is classified as positive.

    Up to 38 days

  • Proportion of True-Negatives (specificity) detected with the EsoCAN assay after specimen collection using 'EsophaCap' sponge sampling (ESCC cases & controls only)

    The proportion of participants with a negative EsoCAN assay result for will be reported, among study participants who are classified as controls. The following equation will be used as a cut point for ESCC using the EsoCAN assay \[0.139\*log2(gene A)\] + \[0.176\* log2(gene B)\] + \[0.185\* log2(gene C)\], whereas a cutoff value (for the numerical index produced by this formula) of less than -2.327 is classified as negative.

    Up to 38 days

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Proportion of True-Positives (sensitivity) detected with the EsoCAN assay after specimen collection using 'EsophaCap' sponge sampling (ESD cases & controls only)

    Up to 38 days

  • Proportion of True-Negatives (specificity) detected with the EsoCAN assay after specimen collection using 'EsophaCap' sponge sampling (ESD cases & controls only)

    Up to 38 days

  • Proportion of study participants who successfully swallow the esophageal sponge device

    Up to 38 days

  • Proportion of study participants who experienced an esophageal sponge device-related adverse event in the lead in cohort of ESCC Cases

    Up to 38 days

  • Median Acceptability Scores

    Up to 38 days

Study Arms (3)

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) Cases

EXPERIMENTAL

Each study participant will undergo esophageal sponge sampling using the 'EsophaCap' sponge device. Group 1 will include a safety-phase, which will consist of a lead-in cohort of 8 patients with ESCC. Subsequent recruitment of ESCC Cases (Group 1) will not commence until the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) has deemed the safety lead-in data appropriate for continuation. Following collection of esophageal cells, samples will be assessed using the EsoCAN assay. Study participant evaluations will be taken at baseline, immediately after undergoing esophageal sponge sampling, and 7 days following administration of the 'EsophaCap' device.

Device: EsophaCap SpongeDevice: EsoCAN assay

Non-ESCC, Esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) Cases

EXPERIMENTAL

Each study participant will undergo (1) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with chromoendoscopic screening and possible biopsy, and (2) esophageal sponge sampling using the 'EsophaCap' sponge device. Pathology from chromoendoscopic screening will be used to categorize non-ESCC study participants as esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) cases and controls. Following collection of esophageal cells, samples will be assessed using the EsoCAN assay. Study participant evaluations will be taken at baseline, immediately after undergoing esophageal sponge sampling, and 7 days following administration of the 'EsophaCap' device.

Device: EsophaCap SpongeProcedure: ChromoendoscopyDevice: EsoCAN assay

Non-ESCC, Control Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Each study participant will undergo (1) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with chromoendoscopic screening and possible biopsy, and (2) esophageal sponge sampling using the 'EsophaCap' sponge device. Pathology from chromoendoscopic screening will be used to categorize non-ESCC study participants as esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) cases and controls. Following collection of esophageal cells, samples will be assessed using the EsoCAN assay. Study participant evaluations will be taken at baseline, immediately after undergoing esophageal sponge sampling, and 7 days following administration of the 'EsophaCap' device.

Device: EsophaCap SpongeProcedure: ChromoendoscopyDevice: EsoCAN assay

Interventions

Non-invasive strategy to sample esophageal tissue

Also known as: EsophaCap Sponge Device, EsophaCap Swallowable Sponge device
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) CasesNon-ESCC, Control GroupNon-ESCC, Esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) Cases

Lugol's iodine chromoendoscopy is a technique that is used to identify mucosal abnormalities of the esophagus

Also known as: Lugol's iodine chromoendoscopy, Chromoendoscopic screening
Non-ESCC, Control GroupNon-ESCC, Esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) Cases

Biomarker Test

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) CasesNon-ESCC, Control GroupNon-ESCC, Esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) Cases

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • ESCC Cases (Group 1):
  • Male or female \>= 18 years of age at screening visit.
  • Patients are currently seen for clinical care at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH)-Upanga or at MNH-Mloganzila.
  • Patient meets one of the following two criteria-
  • Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ESCC as evidenced by histological confirmation OR
  • Patient planned to undergo EGD with biopsy for suspected ESCC based upon any one of the following clinical criteria: (1) findings on computed tomography (CT) scan; (2) findings on barium swallow; (3) findings on endoscopy without biopsy confirmation, (4) symptoms of dysphagia and/or odynophagia without an alternative explanation for these symptoms.
  • Patient must be able to swallow liquid (Ogilvie's score \< 3).
  • Patients must be well enough to participate in a 20-minute interview or have a close relative who is able to do so on their behalf.
  • Patients must be willing to be contacted either in person or via phone 7-10 days following administration of the 'EsophaCap' sponge device.
  • Native of Tanzania.
  • Written informed consent (and assent when applicable) obtained from subject or subject's legal representative and ability for subject to comply with the requirements of the study.
  • Non-ESCC study participants (Group 2):
  • Male or female ≥ 18 years of age at screening visit.
  • Patients are currently seen for clinical care at MNH-Upanga or at MNH-Mloganzila.
  • Patient is scheduled to undergo EGD for a suspected non-malignant condition with no symptoms concerning for esophageal cancer (i.e. dysphagia or odynophagia).
  • +5 more criteria

You may not qualify if:

  • ESCC Cases (Group 1):
  • Known pregnancy during participation in the study.
  • Presence of a condition or abnormality that in the opinion of the Investigator would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of the data.
  • Clinical instability (i.e. hypotension or a recent cardiovascular event).
  • Any history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding within the past 3 months (including reported history of hematemesis and/or melena).
  • Diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease within the last 3 months.
  • Known history of esophageal varices.
  • Patients taking anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy/medication (warfarin, clopidogrel, aspirin, heparin or enoxaparin) for high-risk conditions.
  • Patients with an active extra-esophageal malignancy (not currently in remission).
  • Patient with a known history of a non-malignant esophageal stricture.
  • Patients with esophageal stents currently in place.
  • Patients with a history of radiation therapy to the head, neck, any part of the gastrointestinal tract (including esophagus) or thorax.
  • Patients who have previously received chemotherapy in the last 12 months
  • Patients with any history of major surgery for esophageal cancer (e.g. esophageal bypass, esophagectomy, etc.).
  • Patients who have a known history of or clinical symptoms concerning for tracheoesophageal fistula (aspiration history, severe cough)
  • +28 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH)

Dar es Salaam, Mloganzila, Tanzania

RECRUITING

Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH)

Dar es Salaam, Upganda, Tanzania

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Carcinoma, Squamous CellCarcinomaNeoplasms, Glandular and EpithelialNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsNeoplasms, Squamous CellEsophageal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal NeoplasmsDigestive System NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteHead and Neck NeoplasmsDigestive System DiseasesEsophageal DiseasesGastrointestinal Diseases

Study Officials

  • Geoffrey Buckle, MD, MPH

    University of California, San Francisco

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Geoffrey Buckle, MD, MPH

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
NON RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 25, 2021

First Posted

August 31, 2021

Study Start

May 16, 2022

Primary Completion

December 31, 2025

Study Completion

December 31, 2025

Last Updated

March 30, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations