Swimming Economy in Swimmers and Paraswimmers as a Function of SR(Stroke Rate) and V(Velocity) Manipulations (NePTUNE-3)

NCT05011591 | Unknown DMC

• 1 other identifier: URouenNormandie
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 58
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The competitive swimming and open water swimming events are scheduled for the 2024 Paris Olympic and Paralympian Games. Generally associated with a non-neglectable number of medals in the last Olympics, swimming performance depends on the swimmer's ability to manage his or her Stroke Length and Stroke Rate, where Velocity can be defined as the product of SR and SL. The optimisation of this management depends on the swimmer's ability to develop a large motor repertoire and to use the coordination mode (catch-up, opposition, superposition) best suited to the environmental constraints and opponents' adversity. These adaptations may contribute to 1) a modification of the energy expenditure or be dependent on the energy supply necessary for muscular contraction and 2) the preferential use of one or other of the metabolic pathways in the production of this chemical energy, moreover in an aquatic environment inducing particular thermal exchanges.

Conditions

Swimming; Coordination Lack; Oxygen Consumption; Lactic Acid Blood Increased

Keywords

swimming economy; Para-swimmers; Athletes; Energetics; coordination

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in index of coordination (IdC) from motor behavior

  To observe the effects of a manipulated swimming frequency or velocity on the coordination (this one was quantified in terms of an index of coordination (IdC) based on the lag time between the propulsive phases of each swimming movement) from motor behavior viewpoints in elite level swimmers and para-swimmers.

  each 6 month during 3 years

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Change in energy expenditure by contribution of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.

  each 6 month during 3 years

Study Arms (1)

swimming economy

EXPERIMENTAL

This is a study based on a comparative clinical trial (effect of an imposed V and/or SR on the swimming economy of swimmers or para-swimmers). This longitudinal study is carried out on a representative sample of swimmers and para-swimmers selected for their potential at the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympian Games. Following a standardized warm-up, all swimmers will perform intermittent swimming tests of progressive velocity in a 50 m indoor pool in their swimming specialty with or without an imposition of the SR to adopt. During the trials, the swimmers and para-swimmers will be equipped with inertial measurement units, as well as a heart rate monitor and tissue oximeters. The swimming and non-swimming phases will also be filmed continuously. Gas exchanges will be recorded 2 minutes after the warm-up and during the 7 minutes of passive recovery. Micro blood samples will be taken from the earlobe at the end of the warm-up and at 1, 3, 5 and 7 minutes of recovery between each trial.

Other: Swimming economy

Interventions

Swimming economy OTHER

Detailed in arm's section

swimming economy

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 12 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• High-level swimmers and para-swimmers on ministerial lists
• Current license to participate in national and international competitions
• Over 12 and under 50 years old
• Signed consent form
• Willingness to participate / cooperate

You may not qualify if:

• Hemophilia, coagulation disorders
• Regular medication intake that may influence the data
• Any metabolic or hormonal disorder. Contraindications to competitive swimming
• Any other condition that the investigating physician considers may pose an individual risk or interfere with the evaluation of the data.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Rouen Normandie: lead
• French Institute of Sport (INSEP): collaborator
• French swimming federation (FFN): collaborator
• French federation of handisport: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance

Paris, 75012, France

Location

Related Publications (6)

• Thompson KG, Haljand R, MacLaren DP. An analysis of selected kinematic variables in national and elite male and female 100-m and 200-m breaststroke swimmers. J Sports Sci. 2000 Jun;18(6):421-31. doi: 10.1080/02640410050074359.

  PMID: 10902677 BACKGROUND

• Thompson KG, MacLaren DP, Lees A, Atkinson G. The effects of changing pace on metabolism and stroke characteristics during high-speed breaststroke swimming. J Sports Sci. 2004 Feb;22(2):149-57. doi: 10.1080/02640410310001641467.

  PMID: 14998093 BACKGROUND

• Seifert L, Chollet D, Rouard A. Swimming constraints and arm coordination. Hum Mov Sci. 2007 Feb;26(1):68-86. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.09.003. Epub 2006 Nov 28.

  PMID: 17126942 BACKGROUND

• Seifert L, Komar J, Crettenand F, Millet G. Coordination pattern adaptability: energy cost of degenerate behaviors. PLoS One. 2014 Sep 25;9(9):e107839. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107839. eCollection 2014.

  PMID: 25255016 BACKGROUND

• Seifert L, Komar J, Araujo D, Davids K. Neurobiological degeneracy: A key property for functional adaptations of perception and action to constraints. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Oct;69:159-65. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.006. Epub 2016 Aug 6.

  PMID: 27506266 BACKGROUND

• Ribeiro J, Toubekis AG, Figueiredo P, de Jesus K, Toussaint HM, Alves F, Vilas-Boas JP, Fernandes RJ. Biophysical Determinants of Front-Crawl Swimming at Moderate and Severe Intensities. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Feb;12(2):241-246. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0766. Epub 2016 Aug 24.

  PMID: 27248207 BACKGROUND

Related Links

• Description of the project

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Ataxia; Hyperlactatemia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Dyskinesias; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Study Officials

• Seifert Ludovic, Pr.

  University of Rouen Normandie

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Project manager

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 22, 2021
• First Posted: August 18, 2021
• Study Start: September 1, 2021
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2022
• Study Completion: August 1, 2024
• Last Updated: May 18, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

FR (1)