Randomized, Controlled, 3-arm, Open, Prospective Clinical Trial to Assess Antiviral Properties of Echinacea Reducing Oropharyngeal Concentration and Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2: The Shedding Study
Respiratory viruses pose a permanent threat to humans and society as demonstrated by the current Covid-19 pandemic. Novel drugs and vaccines provide a means for controlling illness. Infections and symptomatic presentation of illness may be reduced, but it remains to be determined to which extent viral shedding and transmission (e.g. by silent transmitters) can be controlled. Lack of such activity may result in continuing viral spread by assumed healthy but asymptomatic spreaders. Echinacea is an established and readily-accessible product with demonstrated in vitro antiviral activity (including coronaviruses). This study aims to estimate the potential of different Echinacea formulations (head-to-head) to reduce concentration infectivity and shedding of SARS-CoV-2 under in vivo conditions.
Registry Overview
Registry-reported information. Elapsed time and enrollment totals alone do not measure study progress or recruitment pace.
Recruitment status
terminated
Actual enrollment (reported)
40 participants
Study completion date
August 15, 2023
Actual (reported)
Listed locations
1 countries · 1 sites
Trial Relationships
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Study Timeline
Dates and qualifiers reported by the registry. Estimated dates do not confirm that a milestone has occurred.
Absolute and relative differences in Cq values (qPCR) comparing pre- and post EF treatment including all formulations combined.
The average Cq values as per qPCR analysis by means of qPCR values prior any treatment (samples A1 \& B1) in comparison to post EF treatment. Oropharyngeal (OP) Swab samples are taken by using validated swab sticks (Eswab 480CE LQ Amies with Reg. Nylon Flocked applicator, COPAN Int.) and presence of viral RNA/DNA determined by using the qPCR SARS-CoV2 panel. The analysis is done by a two-sided t-test
2 hours
Secondary Outcomes (10)
Absolute and relative viral loads comparing pre- and post EF treatment and in cross comparison of the respective EF-formulations
2 hours
Absolute and relative tissue infective dose (TCID) of recovered life viruses comparing pre- and post EF treatment results and/or in cross-comparison of the respective EF formulations.
2 hours
Incidence of Treatment responders falling below limit of detection/ threshold value under treatment
2 hours
Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 VOC (variant of concerns)
2 hours
Frequency of concomitant medication/therapies
3 days
+5 more secondary outcomes
Study Arms (3)
treatment group 1: Echinaforce Forte (EFF) Tablets (chewed)
ACTIVE COMPARATOR
1st arm (EFF group): Slowly sucking 1 Echinaforce Forte tablet (1 tablet: 1'200mg EF) until dissolution "Dose 1". Another 2 X 1 EF Forte tablets (total of 2 tablets: 2'400 mg EF) is taken one-by-one "Dose 2" after swab sampling, which is repeated after complete dissolution of the second dose of EF Forte tablets.
2nd arm (EFC group): Slowly sucking 1 x 3 Echinaforce Chewable tablets (total 3 tablets: 1'200mg EF) until dissolution "Dose 1". Another dose of 2 x 2 \& 1 x 3 EF Chewable tablets (total 7 tablets: 2'800mg EF) are slowly sucked "Dose 2" after swab sampling, which is repeated after complete dissolution of the second dose of EF Chewable tablets.
Drug: Echinaforce Chewable tablets
treatment group 3: Echinaforce Tincture (EFT, gargling)
Interventions
Echinaforce Forte tabletsDrug
Tincture of fresh Echinacea purpurea (L) MOENCH: Herba rec. T. aerial part DER = 1:12-13 (Drug to extraction solvent ratio) extraction solvent = ethanol 65.1 % (V/V) = 57.3 % (m/m)\* with an approx. dry plant equivalent of 32 mg per tablet Dry weight content in 1 tablet: 5.9 mg
Echinacea purpurea: (L) MOENCH: Radix rec. root part DER = 1:11-12 (Drug to extraction solvent ratio) extraction solvent = ethanol 65.1 % (V/V) = 57.3 % (m/m)\* with an approx. dry plant equivalent of 1.8 mg per tablet Dry weight content in1 tablet: 0.3 mg
the tablet contain additional excipients
treatment group 1: Echinaforce Forte (EFF) Tablets (chewed)
Echinaforce Chewable tabletsDrug
Eligibility Criteria
Age12 Years - 75 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
3rd arm (EFT group): Gargling of 2 x 19 drops of Echinaforce tincture (1'200 mg EF) is diluted in 2 x35 mL water "Dose 1". Another dose of 3 x 30 drops of Echinaforce tincture (2'800 mg EF) diluted in 3 x35 mL water for 15 sec each "Dose 2", gargled for 15 sec and swallowed after swab sampling, which is repeated after gargling of the second dose of EF Tincture.
Drug: Echinaforce tincture
Tincture of fresh Echinacea purpurea (L) MOENCH: Herba rec. T. aerial part DER = 1:12-13 (Drug to extraction solvent ratio) extraction solvent = ethanol 65.1 % (V/V) = 57.3 % (m/m)\* with an approx. dry plant equivalent of 32 mg per tablet Dry weight content in 1 tablet: 5.9 mg
Echinacea purpurea: (L) MOENCH: Radix rec. root part DER = 1:11-12 (Drug to extraction solvent ratio) extraction solvent = ethanol 65.1 % (V/V) = 57.3 % (m/m)\* with an approx. dry plant equivalent of 1.8 mg per tablet Dry weight content in1 tablet: 0.3 mg
The tablets contain additional excipients
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Source: ClinicalTrials.gov.
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