NCT04885348

Brief Summary

Tooth decay affects 75% of Malaysian preschool children, most of which remain untreated. Untreated decay can cause pain, and impair nutritional status and physical growth. In 2012, nearly 4,000 children in Malaysia were referred for hospital paediatric dental services because of early childhood caries. The realistic management of these children would have been treatment under general anaesthesia or sedation, at considerable cost to the state, and distress to the children and families. The amount of dental disease in young children who have been referred to the hospital children's dentistry service for severe caries is disturbing, particularly given the fact that each district has a dental clinic and that the water is very likely to be fluoridated. It is unlikely that there will ever be enough dental clinics and dental practitioners to manage the amount of disease. Clearly, existing health services need to be supplemented with a population-based approach to promote child oral health. The investigators, therefore, propose a community trial study to investigate the effectiveness of a dental health visiting service for caries control in young children. It is likely that such a home-based intervention is influenced by the family dynamics in which the child lives. The investigators further propose to assess the cost-effectiveness of dental home visits (DHVs). Health economic evaluation can be used to assess health services to ensure there is cost-efficient resource allocation. Economic evaluation is defined as the comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of both their costs and consequences. A health intervention is considered cost-effective when it produces acceptable costs and health benefits. Economic data are now recognized as important due to the fact that dental disease is very common and expensive for the health care system. This study was conducted in collaboration with the National Oral Health of Pre-school Survey (NOHPS), in which a sub-sample will be followed up for two years. The NOHPS is a national survey of the oral health of 5-year-olds that takes place every 10 years. This is a randomized controlled trial to assess the cost-effectiveness of home-based DHVs with families of children at high risk of caries in caries prevention compared to children receiving oral health information in the form of an education leaflet (ELs) alone. A collaborative project with the Oral Health Division (OHD) at the Ministry of Health is proposed. The OHD will provide access to a sub-sample from the National Oral Health Preschool Survey (NOHPS), with clinical dental health data.

Trial Health

100
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
329

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 2017

Typical duration for not_applicable

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 1, 2017

Completed
2.3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 1, 2019

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

June 1, 2019

Completed
1.9 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 1, 2021

Completed
12 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 13, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

May 26, 2021

Status Verified

May 1, 2021

Enrollment Period

2.3 years

First QC Date

May 1, 2021

Last Update Submit

May 24, 2021

Conditions

Keywords

Dental CariesDental Health Home VisitsYoung ChildrenDental Decay

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Number of children developing new caries in deciduous molars.

    The number of children developing caries in deciduous molars over the two years follow up.

    2 years

  • Number of in deciduous molars developing new caries.

    New caries detected in deciduous molars at the cavitation stage.

    2 years

Study Arms (2)

Dental Home Visits and Dental Home Education Leaflets

EXPERIMENTAL

Two trained dental home visitors made 6-monthly Dental Home Visits (DHVs) to families in the Intervention Group. Dental Home Education Leaflets (DHELs) and oral health messages were delivered through a personalized approach that avoids direct persuasion.

Behavioral: Intervention Group (Dental Home Visits + Dental Home Education Leaflets)Behavioral: Control Group (Dental Home Education Leaflets)

Dental Home Education Leaflets

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Only Dental Home Education Leaflets were provided every six months for 2 years.

Behavioral: Control Group (Dental Home Education Leaflets)

Interventions

No drugs were given in the Intervention. The intervention group received Dental Home Visits consisted of 6 monthly home visits by oral health therapists/dental home visitors where they deliver dental care advice to the parents for durations of approximately 30 minutes until follow-up at two years. Dental Home Education Leaflets (DHELs) and oral health messages were delivered through a personalized approach that avoids direct persuasion. These messages included information on daily tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste, controlling dietary sugar intake, and the need for regular dental check-ups. The families were also be provided with information about local dental services available in their vicinity and how to access these services.

Dental Home Visits and Dental Home Education Leaflets

Only Dental Home Education Leaflets were provided every six months for 2 years.

Dental Home Education LeafletsDental Home Visits and Dental Home Education Leaflets

Eligibility Criteria

Age5 Years - 6 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17)

You may qualify if:

  • All the children age of 5 or 6-year-old with parents' consents to participate from these kindergartens will be included as the subjects of this study

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Related Publications (4)

  • Sheiham A. Dental caries affects body weight, growth and quality of life in pre-school children. Br Dent J. 2006 Nov 25;201(10):625-6. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4814259.

    PMID: 17128231BACKGROUND
  • M E Drummond, M J Sculpher, G W Torrance GW, et al. Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 0-19-852945-7

    BACKGROUND
  • Masood M, Yusof N, Hassan MI, Jaafar N. Assessment of dental caries predictors in 6-year-old school children - results from 5-year retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2012 Nov 16;12:989. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-989.

    PMID: 23158416BACKGROUND
  • Seow WK. Biological mechanisms of early childhood caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1998;26(1 Suppl):8-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1998.tb02090.x.

    PMID: 9671196BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dental Caries

Interventions

Control Groups

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Tooth DemineralizationTooth DiseasesStomatognathic Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Epidemiologic Research DesignEpidemiologic MethodsInvestigative TechniquesResearch DesignMethods

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER GOV
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 1, 2021

First Posted

May 13, 2021

Study Start

January 1, 2017

Primary Completion

May 1, 2019

Study Completion

June 1, 2019

Last Updated

May 26, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-05